Alpha-Fetoprotein (AFP) Gwaji

Wadatacce

• Menene gwajin alpha-fetoprotein (AFP)?
• Me ake amfani da shi?
• Me yasa nake buƙatar gwajin AFP?
• Menene ya faru yayin gwajin AFP?
• Shin zan bukaci yin komai don shirya wa gwajin?
• Shin akwai haɗari ga gwajin?
• Menene sakamakon yake nufi?
• Shin akwai wani abin da ya kamata in sani game da gwajin AFP?
• Bayani

Menene gwajin alpha-fetoprotein (AFP)?

Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) furotin ne wanda aka samar a hanta dan tayi. Yayin ci gaban jariri, wasu AFP suna ratsa mahaifa kuma suna shiga cikin jinin uwa. Wani gwajin AFP ya auna matakin na AFP a cikin mata masu juna biyu a lokacin watanni biyu na ciki. Da yawa ko kuma yawa AFP a cikin jinin uwa na iya zama alamar cutar haihuwa ko wani yanayi. Wadannan sun hada da:

• Rashin nakasa na jijiyoyin jiki, mummunan yanayi wanda ke haifar da ci gaban mahaukaci na kwakwalwar jariri da / ko kashin baya
• Down syndrome, cuta ce ta kwayar halitta da ke haifar da nakasa ta hankali da jinkirin haɓaka
• Tagwaye ko haihuwa dayawa, saboda sama da jariri daya ke samarda AFP
• Kuskuren ranar kwanan wata, saboda matakan AFP sun canza yayin ɗaukar ciki

Sauran sunaye: AFP Maternal; Uwar Jikin AFP; allon msAFP

Me ake amfani da shi?

Ana amfani da gwajin jini na AFP don bincika tayin mai tasowa don haɗarin lahani na haihuwa da rikicewar kwayar halitta, kamar lahani na bututu na jijiyoyi ko Down syndrome.

Me yasa nake buƙatar gwajin AFP?

Preungiyar Ciki ta Amurka ta ce ya kamata a yi wa duk mata masu juna biyu gwajin AFP wani lokaci tsakanin makon 15 zuwa 20 na ciki. Ana iya ba da shawarar musamman idan kun:

• Yi tarihin iyali na lahani na haihuwa
• Shekaru 35 ko suka wuce
• Yi ciwon sukari

Menene ya faru yayin gwajin AFP?

Kwararren masanin kiwon lafiya zai dauki samfurin jini daga jijiyar hannunka, ta amfani da karamin allura. Bayan an saka allurar, za a tara karamin jini a cikin bututun gwaji ko kwalba. Kuna iya jin ɗan kaɗan lokacin da allurar ta shiga ko fita. Wannan yawanci yakan dauki kasa da minti biyar.

Shin zan bukaci yin komai don shirya wa gwajin?

Ba kwa buƙatar kowane shiri na musamman don gwajin AFP.

Shin akwai haɗari ga gwajin?

Akwai ƙananan haɗari a gare ku ko jaririn ku tare da gwajin jini na AFP. Kuna iya samun ɗan ciwo ko rauni a wurin da aka sanya allurar, amma yawancin alamun suna tafi da sauri. Wani gwajin da ake kira amniocentesis yana ba da cikakkiyar ganewar asali na rashin ciwo na Down da sauran lahani na haihuwa, amma gwajin yana da ƙananan haɗarin haifar da ɓarin ciki.

Menene sakamakon yake nufi?

Idan sakamakonku ya nuna sama da matakan AFP na yau da kullun, yana iya nufin cewa jaririn yana da nakasar bututu irin na spina bifida, yanayin da kashin kashin baya baya rufewa a kusa da layin baya, ko anencephaly, yanayin da kwakwalwa ba ta ci gaba yadda ya kamata.

Idan sakamakonku ya nuna ƙasa da na AFP na yau da kullun, yana iya nufin cewa jaririn yana da matsalar rashin kwayar halitta kamar Down syndrome, yanayin da ke haifar da matsalolin ilimi da na ci gaba.

Idan matakan AFP ba na al'ada bane, ba lallai bane ya zama akwai matsala tare da jaririn. Yana iya nufin kana haihuwa fiye da ɗaya ko kuma kwanan watan ka ba daidai bane. Hakanan zaka iya samun sakamako mara kyau. Wannan yana nufin sakamakonku yana nuna matsala, amma jaririn yana cikin koshin lafiya. Idan sakamakonka ya nuna sama ko ƙasa da yadda AFP yake, za ka iya samun ƙarin gwaje-gwaje don taimakawa ganewar asali.

Learnara koyo game da gwaje-gwajen gwaje-gwaje, jeri na tunani, da fahimtar sakamako.

Shin akwai wani abin da ya kamata in sani game da gwajin AFP?

AFP gwaje-gwaje galibi wani ɓangare ne na jerin gwaje-gwajen haihuwa da ake kira alama mai yawa ko gwajin allo sau uku. Baya ga AFP, gwajin allon sau uku ya hada da gwaje-gwaje na hCG, wani homonin da mahaifa ya samar, da estriol, wani nau’in isrogen ne wanda tayi tayi. Wadannan gwaje-gwajen na iya taimakawa wajen gano cutar rashin lafiya ta Down da sauran cututtukan kwayoyin halitta.

Idan kun kasance cikin haɗari mafi girma don samun jariri da wasu lahani na haihuwa, mai ba da sabis ɗinku na iya bayar da shawarar wani sabon gwajin da ake kira DNA-free cell (cfDNA). Wannan gwajin jini ne wanda za'a iya bayarwa tun 10^na makon ciki. Zai iya nunawa na iya nunawa idan jaririn ku yana da damar samun ciwon Down ko wasu cututtukan kwayoyin cuta.

Bayani

1. Preungiyar Ciki ta Amurka [Intanet]. Irving (TX): Preungiyar Ciki ta Amurka; c2017. Kulawa da Lafiyar Mahaifa-Fetoprotein (MSAFP) [sabunta 2016 Sep 2; da aka ambata 2017 Jun 5]; [game da fuska 3]. Akwai daga: http://americanpregnancy.org/prenatal-testing/maternal-serum-alpha-fetoprotein-screening
2. Preungiyar Ciki ta Amurka [Intanet]. Irving (TX): Preungiyar Ciki ta Amurka; c2017. Gwajin allo sau uku [an sabunta 2016 Sep 2; da aka ambata 2017 Jun 5]; [game da fuska 3]. Akwai daga: http://americanpregnancy.org/prenatal-testing/triple-screen-test/
3. Kaburbura JC, Miller KE, Masu Sayarwa AD. Maganin Maganin Uwa Uku na Nazarin Sau Uku a Ciki. Am Fam Likita [Intanet]. 2002 Mar 1 [wanda aka ambata a cikin 2017 Jun 5]; 65 (5): 915–921. Akwai daga: https://www.aafp.org/afp/2002/0301/p915.html
4. Johns Hopkins Medicine [Intanet]. Johns Hopkins Maganin; Laburaren Kiwon Lafiya: Gwaje-gwaje na gama gari yayin Ciki [wanda aka ambata 2017 Jun 5]; [game da fuska 3]. Akwai daga: http://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/healthlibrary/conditions/adult/pregnancy_and_childbirth/common_tests_during_pregnancy_85,p01241
5. Gwaje-gwajen Lab a kan layi [Intanet]. Washington DC: Associationungiyar (asar Amirka don Nazarin Kimiyyar Clinical; c2001–2019. Gwajin Maganin Maternal, Wata Na Biyu; [sabunta 2019 Mayu 6; da aka ambata 2019 Jun 4]; [game da allo 2]. Akwai daga: https://labtestsonline.org/tests/maternal-serum-screening-second-trimester
6. Gwaje-gwajen Lab a kan layi [Intanet]. Americanungiyar (asar Amirka don Kimiyyar Clinical; c2001–2017. Amus: Spina Bifida [wanda aka ambata a cikin 2017 Jun 5]; [game da fuska 3]. Akwai daga: https://labtestsonline.org/glossary/spina-bifida
7. Shafin Kasuwancin Merck Manual [Internet]. Kenilworth (NJ): Kamfanin Merck & Co. Inc.; c2017. Prenatal Diagnostic Testing [sabunta 2017 Jun; da aka ambata 2019 Yuni 4]; [game da fuska 3]. Akwai daga: http://www.merckmanuals.com/home/women-s-health-issues/detection-of-genetic-disorders/prenatal-diagnostic-testing
8. Cibiyar forasa ta Inganta Cibiyoyin Ilimin Fassara / Cibiyar Bayanai game da Kwayoyin Halitta da Rare [Intanet]. Gaithersburg (MD): Ma'aikatar Kiwon Lafiya ta Amurka da Ayyukan Dan Adam; Launin Tube Neural [sabunta 2013 Nov 6; da aka ambata 2017 Jun 5]; [game da fuska 3]. Akwai daga: https://rarediseases.info.nih.gov/diseases/4016/neural-tube-defects
9. Zuciyar Kasa, Huhu, da Cibiyar Jini [Intanet]. Bethesda (MD): Ma'aikatar Kiwon Lafiya ta Amurka da Ayyukan Dan Adam; Menene Hadarin Gwajin Jini? [sabunta 2012 Jan 6; da aka ambata 2017 Jun 5]; [game da fuska 5]. Akwai daga: https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health-topics/blood-tests#Risk-Factors
10. Zuciyar Kasa, Huhu, da Cibiyar Jini [Intanet]. Bethesda (MD): Ma'aikatar Kiwon Lafiya ta Amurka da Ayyukan Dan Adam; Abin da za a Yi tsammani tare da Gwajin Jini [sabunta 2012 Jan 6; da aka ambata 2017 Jun 5]; [game da fuska 4]. Akwai daga: https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health-topics/blood-tests
11. Jami'ar Rochester Medical Center [Intanet]. Rochester (NY): Jami'ar Rochester Medical Center; c2017. Lafiya Encyclopedia: Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) [wanda aka ambata a cikin 2017 Jun 5]; [game da allo 2]. Akwai daga: https://www.urmc.rochester.edu/encyclopedia/content.aspx?contenttypeid=90&contentid;=P02426
12. Jami'ar Rochester Medical Center [Intanet]. Rochester (NY): Jami'ar Rochester Medical Center; c2017. Lafiya Encyclopedia: Alpha-fetoprotein (Jini) [wanda aka ambata a cikin 2017 Jun 5]; [game da allo 2]. Akwai daga: https://www.urmc.rochester.edu/encyclopedia/content.aspx?contenttypeid=167&contentid;=alpha_fetoprotein_maternal_blood
13. Kiwon Lafiya UW [Intanet]. Madison (WI): Jami'ar Wisconsin Asibitoci da Hukumomin Kula da Lafiya; c2017. Bayanin Kiwon Lafiya: Alpha-Fetoprotein (AFP) a Jini [sabunta 2016 Jun 30; da aka ambata 2017 Jun 5]; [game da fuska 5]. Akwai daga: https://www.uwhealth.org/health/topic/medicaltest/alpha-fetoprotein-afp-in-blood/hw1663.html
14. Kiwon Lafiya UW [Intanet]. Madison (WI): Jami'ar Wisconsin Asibitoci da Hukumomin Kula da Lafiya; c2017. Bayanin Kiwon Lafiya: Nuna Sau Uku ko Quad don Ciwon Haihuwa [sabunta 2016 Jun 30; da aka ambata 2017 Jun 5]; [game da fuska 5]. Akwai daga: https://www.uwhealth.org/health/topic/special/maternal-serum-triple-or-quadruple-screening-test/ta7038.html#ta7038-sec

Ba za a yi amfani da bayanan da ke wannan rukunin yanar gizon a madadin madadin ƙwararrun likitocin ko shawara ba. Tuntuɓi mai ba da kiwon lafiya idan kuna da tambayoyi game da lafiyarku.