Barbiturates: Amfani, Siffofi, Tasirin Gyara, da Moreari

Wadatacce

• Gaskiya game da barbiturates
• Menene barbiturates?
• Me yasa aka sanya umarnin barbiturates?
• Siffofin barbiturates
• Abubuwan haɗin haɗin da ake amfani da su don ciwon kai:
• Mene ne illa masu illa?
• Rashin haɗarin shan katako
• Haɗarin ciki
• Janyo alamun cutar
• Mene ne batutuwan doka game da 'yan barbiturates?
• Yaushe za a nemi kulawar gaggawa
• Yaya za a kwatanta barbiturates zuwa benzodiazepines?
• Layin kasa

Barbiturates sun kasance sama da shekaru 150. Sun shahara tun daga farkon 1900s har zuwa 1970s. Biyu daga cikin abubuwan da aka fi amfani dasu sune don bacci da damuwa.

A wani lokaci akwai samfuran barbiturates sama da 50 a cikin Amurka. Daga qarshe, an maye gurbinsu da wasu magunguna saboda damuwar tsaro.

Karanta don koyo game da amfani, illa, da haɗarin 'yan barbiturates.

Gaskiya game da barbiturates

• Barbiturates sune da wuya amfani da shi a yau. Suna da babban haɗarin haƙuri, dogaro, da ƙari.
• Wannan rukunin magungunan na iya samun gajarta zuwa aiki na dogon lokaci. Ya dogara da takamaiman magani.
• A cewar Cibiyar Kula da Magunguna ta Kasa (NIDA), a cikin shekarar 2016 an sami mace-mace 409 daga yawan shan kwaya da yawa. Kashi ashirin da daya sun hada da opioids na roba.
• Ba zaku iya dakatar da ɗaukar barbiturates ba bayan amfani na yau da kullun. Zai iya haifar da mummunan bayyanar cututtuka. Wannan ya hada da haɗarin mutuwa.

Menene barbiturates?

Barbiturates suna da tasirin damuwa akan kwakwalwa. Suna haɓaka aikin gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA) a cikin kwakwalwa. GABA sinadarin kwakwalwa ne wanda ke haifar da sakamako na kwantar da hankali.

Magungunan suna haɓakawa. Kuna iya haɓaka haƙuri da dogaro da barbiturates. Wannan yana nufin kuna buƙatar mafi girma don samun sakamako iri ɗaya. Ba zato ba tsammani dakatar da wannan magani yana haifar da bayyanar cututtuka.

Higheraukar ƙananan ƙwayoyin barbiturates na da haɗari saboda zaka iya shan abin da ya wuce kima. Wannan shine ɗayan dalilan da ba a wajabta waɗannan magunguna kamar yanzu.

Me yasa aka sanya umarnin barbiturates?

A yau, ana amfani da waɗannan magunguna don:

• damuwa da kwanciyar hankali da suka shafi tiyata (idan wasu kwayoyi ba su da tasiri)
• rashin barci (da wuya)
• kamuwa (idan wasu kwayoyi basu yi aiki ba)
• maganin sa barci
• tashin hankali ciwon kai
• rauni na ƙwaƙwalwa (TBI)

Siffofin barbiturates

Ana samun Barbiturates a cikin allura, ruwa, kwamfutar hannu, da sifar kwali. Sun zo da ƙarfi da haɗuwa daban-daban.

Barbiturates kayan sarrafawa ne mai ba da Amfani da Miyagun Kwayoyi (DEA) saboda ƙwarewar amfani da su.

DEA ta kasafta magunguna a cikin jadawalin jadawalin shan magani guda biyar, tun daga Jadawalin I zuwa Jadawalin V. Lambar jadawalin tana nuna yiwuwar yiwuwar amfani da sinadarin, da kuma amfani da magani da aka yarda da shi.

Misali, Jadawalin I kwayoyi ba su da karɓaɓɓen likita a halin yanzu da kuma babbar dama ta rashin amfani. Jadawalin V magunguna suna da ƙarancin damar amfani da su.

Sunaye na gama gari (na asali da alama) don masu amfani da barbiturates sun haɗa da:

• allurar amobarbital (Amytal), Jadawalin DEA na II
• butabarbital kwamfutar hannu (Butisol), Jadawalin DEA III
• allurar methohexital (Brevital), Jadawalin DEA na IV
• allurar pentobarbital (Nembutal), Jadawalin DEA na II
• secobarbital capsules (Seconal), Jadawalin DEA na II
• primidone kwamfutar hannu (Mysoline). Wannan maganin yana narkewa zuwa phenobarbital. Ana amfani dashi don rikicewar rikicewa kuma bashi da Jadawalin DEA.

Abubuwan haɗin haɗin da ake amfani da su don ciwon kai:

• butalbital / acetaminophen kwantena da kwamfutar hannu
• butalbital / acetaminophen / maganin kafeyin capsule, kwamfutar hannu, da maganin ruwa, DEA Jadawalin III
• butalbital / acetaminophen / maganin kafeyin / codeine (Fioricet tare da codeine), DEA Jadawalin III
• butalbital / aspirin / maganin kafeyin da kwantena (Fiorinal, Lanorinal), Jadawalin DEA na III
• butalbital / aspirin / maganin kafeyin / codeine capsule (Fiorinal tare da codeine), DEA Jadawalin III

Mene ne illa masu illa?

Illolin dake tattare da barbiturates sune jiri da jiri. Ksawainiyar da ke buƙatar ku zama faɗakarwa, kamar tuki, na iya zama ƙalubale.

Wasu cututtukan sakamako suna da wuya amma suna da tsanani. Wadannan sun hada da:

• wahalar numfashi, ciwon kirji, ko matsewa
• kurji
• zazzaɓi
• ciwon gwiwa
• kumburin fuska, lebe, ko maqogwaro
• zubar jini ko rauni

Kira mai ba da sabis na kiwon lafiya nan da nan idan kun sami ɗayan waɗannan tasirin.

Sauran illolin da zasu iya hadawa sun hada da

• ciwon kai
• rikicewa
• bacin rai
• damuwa
• damuwa
• damuwa bacci
• saukar karfin jini
• tashin zuciya
• amai
• matsaloli tare da daidaito da motsi
• matsaloli tare da magana, maida hankali, da ƙwaƙwalwa

Yi magana da mai ba da lafiyar ku don tattauna duk wata damuwa game da illa.

Rashin haɗarin shan katako

Wasu dalilai na iya ƙara haɗarin illa ko wuce gona da iri ta amfani da gaguwa. Wannan ya hada da shekarunka, yanayin lafiyar ka, da duk wasu magunguna da kake sha.

Barbiturates na iya ƙara tasirin tasirin sauran magunguna. Wannan ya hada da:

• magungunan rashin lafiyan kamar antihistamines
• magungunan ciwo, musamman opioids kamar su morphine da hydrocodone
• bacci ko magungunan damuwa (benzodiazepines)
• barasa
• wasu magunguna wadanda suke haifarda laulayi ko bacci

Wannan rukunin likitancin yana da iyakantaccen amfani a yau saboda sababbin kwayoyi suna da mafi kyawun rikodin aminci.

Barbiturates suna da haɗari mafi girma idan aka kwatanta da fa'idodi. Dole ne a sanya wa mutanen da aka ba da waɗannan magungunan ƙwayoyi a hankali don kauce wa sakamako masu illa.

Haɗarin ciki

Akwai kasada masu alaƙa da amfani da sabulu yayin ciki. Ana amfani da waɗannan magungunan a wasu lokuta idan ba a sami sauran zaɓuɓɓukan magani ba.

Yawancin tsofaffi da yawa sun kafa alaƙa tsakanin amfani da sabulu yayin ciki tare da lahani na haihuwa. Jarirai na iya kasancewa tare da ci gaba idan an fallasa su ga dogon lokaci yayin daukar ciki.

Hakanan za'a iya haifar jarirai dogara ga barbiturates kuma suna fama da alamun cirewa bayan haihuwa.

Dabbar da aka gano a cikin berayen da aka haifa sun haifar da matsala a ci gaban kwakwalwa. Magungunan (pentobarbital) ya shafi ilmantarwa, ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya, da sauran manyan ayyuka.

Janyo alamun cutar

Barbiturates na iya haifar da mutuwa idan ba zato ba tsammani ya tsaya. Tsananin martani zai dogara ne da cikakkiyar lafiyar mutum, sauran yanayin kiwon lafiyar da zasu iya samu, da sauran magungunan da ake amfani dasu.

Idan kuna shan kullun, tabbatar da magana da likitanku kafin dakatar da shan magani.

Wasu alamun bayyanar janyewar barbiturates sun hada da:

• tashin zuciya da amai
• ciwon ciki
• damuwa, damuwa, ko rashin natsuwa
• wahala tare da barci, maida hankali, da kuma mai da hankali
• matsalolin zuciya
• kara zafin jiki
• kamuwa
• rawar jiki
• delirium
• mafarki

Don bayyanar cututtuka masu tsanani, kuna buƙatar sa ido a asibiti har sai maganin ya fita daga jikinku. Wannan na iya ɗaukar kwanaki da yawa.

Mene ne batutuwan doka game da 'yan barbiturates?

Ana samun Barbiturates ta hanyar takardar sayan magani a cikin jeri jeri jeri uku. Wannan ya dogara ne da damar su ta jaraba da rashin amfani da su.

Har yanzu ana amfani dasu da doka a asibiti don maganin sa barci, tashin hankali, TBI, kamuwa, da wasu zaɓaɓɓun shari'o'in. An kuma tsara su don ciwon kai da barci idan wasu magunguna ba su yi aiki ba.

Koyaya, ana amfani dasu ta hanyar haramtacciyar hanya. Amfani da ba bisa doka ba ya haifar da yawan maye saboda magungunan suna da haɗari don maganin kai. Haɗarin yana ƙaruwa idan aka haɗa barbiturates da barasa, opioids, benzodiazepines kamar diazepam, ko wasu magunguna.

Har yanzu ana amfani da Barbiturates a ƙasashe da yawa saboda basu da tsada. Wannan shine dalili guda daya wanda har yanzu suna nan. Hakanan ana samun su ta hanyoyin dabbobi da kuma dakunan gwaje-gwaje don dalilai na bincike.

Sayayya ta kan layi wata hanya ce ta daban wacce ba bisa doka ba. Sun zo tare da mafi girma saboda ƙwayoyin na iya ƙare ko ƙazantar da wasu abubuwa.

Ba doka ba ne a saya ko amfani da barbiturates ba tare da takardar likita ba. Akwai hukunce-hukuncen tarayya da na jihohi don siyarwa, sayarwa, ko shan ƙwayoyi ba bisa ƙa'ida ba.

Yaushe za a nemi kulawar gaggawa

Ba a amfani da Barbiturates sosai a yau saboda mummunan yanayin tsaro game da abin da ya wuce kima. Yawancin dalilai suna rikitar da dalilin da yasa wani zai iya zama mai saukin kamuwa da abin da ya wuce kima.

Wannan ya hada da:

• sauran magunguna wadanda ke da tasirin damuwa akan kwakwalwa, kamar su opioids da benzodiazepines
• barasa, wanda zai iya jinkirta cire maganin kuma ya haifar da haɓaka cikin jiki
• tarihin baƙin ciki, tunanin kashe kansa, ko yanayin lafiyar hankali
• tarihin rikicewar amfani da abu
• matsalolin numfashi, kamar asma, cutar huhu, da emphysema
• matsalolin zuciya
• matsalolin koda ko hanta, wanda zai iya haifar da maganin cikin jiki
• shekaru, wanda zai iya shafar yanayin larurar illa

Wataƙila akwai wasu dalilan da za ku iya mayar da martani mai ƙarfi ga 'yan barbiturates. Tabbatar tattauna likitan ku da tarihin lafiyar ku tare da likitan ku.

Kira 911 ko lambar gaggawa ta gida kai tsaye idan kai ko wani wanda ka sani ya ɗauki tsayayyen ra'ayi ko kuma idan kana da ɗayan waɗannan alamun:

• matsanancin bacci
• matsala magana
• matsanancin rauni ko kasala
• jinkirin numfashi
• rikicewa
• matsala tare da daidaituwa da daidaito
• jinkirin bugun zuciya
• juya shuɗi
• sauke cikin zafin jiki

Babu wani magani mai juyowa don maganin ƙarancin ruwa fiye da kima. Za'a iya amfani da gawayi mai aiki don cire ƙwayar ƙwayar daga jiki. Sauran matakan sun hada da kiyaye hanyar iska, zagayawa, da numfashi.

Yaya za a kwatanta barbiturates zuwa benzodiazepines?

An maye gurbin Barbiturates da benzodiazepines kamar alprazolam (Xanax) da diazepam (Valium) don magance damuwa da matsalar bacci. Suna da ƙananan sakamako masu illa lokacin da aka tsara don amfanin gida idan aka kwatanta da barbiturates.

Benzodiazepines suna aiki iri ɗaya ta haɓaka aikin GABA a cikin kwakwalwa. Suna haifar da sakamako mai kwantar da hankali ko shakatawa. Amma idan aka yi amfani dasu tare da barbiturates, zasu iya haɓaka haɗarin wuce haddi.

Benzodiazepines ma al'ada ce idan ana amfani dasu dogon lokaci. Suna da irin wannan illa da haɗarin amfani da su. Ya kamata a yi amfani da Benzodiazepines na ɗan gajeren lokaci kawai.

Layin kasa

Barbiturates ya zama sananne daga farkon 1900s zuwa 1970s. Akwai 'yan zaɓuɓɓukan magani don magance kamawa, damuwa, da rashin barci.

Doctors sun daina amfani da su lokacin da rashin amfani da ƙwayoyi suka ƙaru a cikin lokaci. Barbiturates suna da iyakantaccen amfani a yau, kuma ana samun magunguna masu aminci.

Koyaya, ana amfani da barbiturates a yau. Rashin haɗari ga yawan zafin rai na ƙaruwa idan aka yi amfani da su hade da barasa, opioids, benzodiazepines, ko wasu magunguna.

Barbiturates suna buƙatar saka idanu sosai saboda haɗarin abin da ya wuce kima kuma kada a taɓa amfani da shi ba tare da kulawar likita ba.