Abin da kuke Bukatar Ku sani Game da Catatonia

Wadatacce

• Menene nau'ikan catatonia?
• Menene ke haifar da catatonia?
• Magunguna
• Sanadin kwayoyin
• Menene dalilai masu haɗari ga catatonia?
• Menene alamun catatonia?
• Catatonia mai farin ciki
• Cutar catagoniya mara kyau
• Kamanceceniya da sauran yanayi
• Yaya ake bincikar catatonia?
• Yaya ake kula da catatonia?
• Magunguna
• Magungunan lantarki (ECT)
• Menene ra'ayin catatonia?
• Shin za a iya hana catatonia?

Menene catatonia?

Catatonia cuta ce ta psychomotor, ma'ana ta ƙunshi haɗi tsakanin aikin hankali da motsi. Catatonia yana shafar ikon mutum na motsawa cikin al'ada.

Mutanen da ke da catatonia na iya fuskantar alamomi iri-iri. Alamar da ta fi dacewa ita ce wawanci, wanda ke nufin cewa mutum ba zai iya motsawa ba, yayi magana, ko kuma amsa abubuwan motsa jiki. Koyaya, wasu mutane da ke da catatonia na iya nuna motsi da yawa da haushi.

Catatonia na iya tsayawa ko'ina daga fewan awanni kaɗan zuwa makonni, watanni, ko shekaru. Yana iya sake rikicewa akai-akai na makonni zuwa shekaru bayan farkon labarin.

Idan catatonia alama ce ta gano asali, ana kiranta extrinsic. Idan ba wani dalili da za a iya tantancewa, ana ɗaukarsa na musamman.

Menene nau'ikan catatonia?

Sabon bugun Diagnostic da Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) ya daina rarraba catatonia zuwa nau'ikan. Koyaya, da yawa daga cikin ƙwararrun likitocin ƙwaƙwalwa suna iya rarraba catatonia zuwa nau'ikan guda uku: masu rauni, masu jin daɗi, da masu mugunta.

Rashin catatonia shine mafi yawan nau'in catatonia. Yana haifar da saurin motsi. Mutumin da ke da jinkirin catatonia na iya duban sararin samaniya kuma galibi baya magana. Wannan kuma ana kiranta da suna akinetic catatonia.

Mutanen da ke cike da farincikin catatonia sun bayyana “da sauri,” marasa nutsuwa, da tashin hankali. Wani lokaci suna shiga halin cutar kansu. Wannan nau'in kuma ana kiranta da hyperkinetic catatonia.

Mutanen da ke da mummunan catatonia na iya fuskantar rashin hankali. Suna yawan yin zazzabi. Hakanan suna iya samun bugun zuciya da sauri da hawan jini.

Menene ke haifar da catatonia?

Dangane da DSM-5, yanayi da yawa na iya haifar da catatonia. Sun hada da:

• cututtukan neurodevelopmental (rikice-rikicen da ke shafi ci gaban tsarin juyayi)
• rikicewar hankali
• cututtukan bipolar
• cututtukan ciki
• sauran yanayin kiwon lafiya, kamar karancin kumburin kwakwalwa, cututtukan autoimmune, da cututtukan cututtukan paraneoplastic (waɗanda ke da alaƙa da ciwace-ciwacen daji)

Magunguna

Catatonia yana da tasirin tasirin wasu magunguna da ake amfani dasu don magance cututtukan ƙwaƙwalwa. Idan kun yi zargin cewa magani yana haifar da catatonia, nemi likita nan da nan. Wannan yana dauke da gaggawa na gaggawa.

Janyewa daga wasu magunguna, kamar su clozapine (Clozaril), na iya haifar da catatonia.

Sanadin kwayoyin

Karatun hoto ya nuna cewa wasu mutanen da ke fama da cutar catatonia na iya samun matsalar rashin kwakwalwa.

Wasu masana sunyi imanin cewa samun ƙari ko rashin ƙwayoyin cuta na haifar da catatonia. Neurotransmitters sune sunadarai na kwakwalwa waɗanda ke ɗaukar saƙonni daga wata jijiyar zuwa na gaba.

Aya daga cikin ka'idojin shine raunin dopamine kwatsam, mai juyayi, yana haifar da catatonia. Wata mahangar kuma ita ce, raguwar sinadarin gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), wani kwayar cutar kankara, na haifar da yanayin.

Menene dalilai masu haɗari ga catatonia?

Mata suna da haɗarin kamuwa da catatonia. Haɗarin yana ƙaruwa ne da shekaru.

Kodayake catatonia yana da alaƙar tarihi da schizophrenia, amma likitocin mahaukata yanzu sun rarraba catatonia a matsayin cuta ta kansa, wanda ke faruwa a cikin yanayin wasu rikice-rikice.

Kimanin kashi 10 cikin ɗari na marasa lafiyar marasa lafiya masu rashin lafiya suna fama da catatonia. Kashi 20 cikin dari na marasa lafiyar marasa lafiya suna da cututtukan schizophrenia, yayin da kashi 45 suna da alamun rashin lafiyar yanayi.

Mata masu fama da baƙin ciki bayan haihuwa (PPD) na iya fuskantar catatonia.

Sauran abubuwan da ke tattare da hadarin su ne amfani da hodar iblis, rashin saurin gishiri a cikin jini, da kuma amfani da magunguna kamar su ciprofloxacin (Cipro).

Menene alamun catatonia?

Catatonia yana da alamun bayyanar cututtuka da yawa, mafi yawan waɗanda suka haɗa da:

• wawanci, inda mutum ba zai iya motsawa ba, ba zai iya magana ba, kuma ya bayyana yana kallon sararin samaniya
• posturing ko "waxy sassauci," inda mutum ya tsaya a wuri ɗaya na tsawan lokaci
• rashin abinci mai gina jiki da rashin ruwa daga rashin ci ko sha
• echolalia, inda mutum yake amsa magana ta maimaita abin da suka ji kawai

Ana iya ganin waɗannan alamun na yau da kullun ga mutanen da ke fama da cutar catatonia.

Sauran cututtukan catatonia sun hada da:

• catalepsy, wanda shine nau'in ƙarfin murfin muscular
• negativism, wanda shine rashin amsa ko adawa ga motsawar waje
• echopraxia, wanda shine kwaikwayon motsin wani mutum
• mutism
• ɓarna

Catatonia mai farin ciki

Kwayar cututtukan da ke da alaƙa da catatonia mai cike da farin ciki sun haɗa da wuce gona da iri, ƙungiyoyi masu ban mamaki. Wadannan sun hada da:

• tashin hankali
• rashin natsuwa
• motsi mara ma'ana

Cutar catagoniya mara kyau

Malatant catatonia yana haifar da mafi tsananin bayyanar cututtuka. Sun hada da:

• delirium
• zazzaɓi
• taurin kai
• zufa

Muhimman alamu kamar hawan jini, yawan numfashi, da bugun zuciya na iya canzawa. Wadannan cututtukan suna bukatar magani na gaggawa.

Kamanceceniya da sauran yanayi

Alamar Catatonia ta yi kama da ta sauran yanayi, gami da:

• m psychosis
• encephalitis, ko kumburi a cikin ƙwayar kwakwalwa
• cututtukan cututtukan neuroleptic (NMS), mai saurin gaske da mai tsanani ga magungunan antipsychotic
• rashin kwanciyar hankali yanayin farfadiya, nau'in kamuwa da cuta mai tsanani

Dole ne likitoci suyi watsi da waɗannan sharuɗɗan kafin su iya tantance catatonia. Dole ne mutum ya nuna aƙalla manyan cututtukan catatonia na awanni 24 kafin likita ya iya tantance cutar catatonia.

Yaya ake bincikar catatonia?

Babu tabbataccen gwaji game da catatonia. Don bincika katatoniya, gwajin jiki da gwaji dole ne su fara fitar da wasu yanayi.

Siffar Girman Bush-Francis Catatonia (BFCRS) gwaji ne da galibi ake amfani dashi don gano catatonia. Wannan sikelin yana da abubuwa 23 da aka zana daga 0 zuwa 3. Aimar “0” na nufin alamar ba ta nan. Ratingimar “3” na nufin alamar ta kasance.

Gwajin jini na iya taimaka wajan kaucewa rashin daidaiton lantarki. Wadannan na iya haifar da canje-canje a aikin tunani. Rashin huhu na huhu, ko ƙuƙwarar jini a cikin huhu, na iya haifar da bayyanar cututtukan catatonia.

Binciken fibrin D-dimer shima yana iya zama mai amfani. Karatun kwanan nan ya nuna cewa catatonia tana da alaƙa da matakan D-dimer masu girma. Koyaya, yanayi da yawa (kamar su ciwon huhu na huhu) na iya shafar matakan D-dimer.

Binciken CT ko MRI yana bawa likitoci damar duba kwakwalwa. Wannan yana taimakawa cire sararin ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwa ko kumburi.

Yaya ake kula da catatonia?

Za a iya amfani da magunguna ko maganin wutan lantarki (ECT) don magance catatonia.

Magunguna

Magunguna yawanci sune farkon hanyar magance catatonia. Nau'o'in ƙwayoyi waɗanda za a iya ba da umurni sun haɗa da benzodiazepines, masu narkar da tsoka, kuma a wasu lokuta, tricyclic antidepressants. Benzodiazepines yawanci sune magunguna na farko da aka tsara.

Benzodiazepines sun hada da clonazepam (Klonopin), lorazepam (Ativan), da diazepam (Valium). Wadannan magunguna suna kara GABA a kwakwalwa, wanda ke tallafawa ka'idar da ta rage GABA take kaiwa zuwa catatonia. Mutanen da ke da matsayi mai girma akan BFCRS yawanci suna amsawa da kyau ga maganin benzodiazepine.

Sauran takamaiman magunguna da za a iya tsara su, dangane da shari'ar mutum, sun haɗa da:

• amobarbital, barbiturate
• bromocriptine (Cycloset, Yankin Parlodel)
• carbamazepine (Carbatrol, Epitol, Tegretol)
• carbonate lithium
• hormone na thyroid
• tsamiya (Ambien)

Bayan kwanaki 5, idan babu amsa ga shan magani ko kuma idan alamomin sun tsananta, likita na iya ba da shawarar wasu jiyya.

Magungunan lantarki (ECT)

Magungunan lantarki (ECT) magani ne mai tasiri don catatonia. Ana yin wannan maganin a asibiti a ƙarƙashin kulawar likita. Hanya ce mara zafi.

Da zarar mutum ya natsu, inji na musamman yana ba da wutar lantarki zuwa kwakwalwa. Wannan yana haifar da kamuwa a cikin kwakwalwa na tsawon minti kusan.

An yi amannar cewa ƙwacewar na haifar da canje-canje a yawan adadin ƙwayoyin cuta a cikin kwakwalwa. Wannan na iya inganta alamun catatonia.

Dangane da nazarin wallafe-wallafen 2018, ECT da benzodiazepines sune kawai jiyya waɗanda aka tabbatar da asibiti don magance catatonia.

Menene ra'ayin catatonia?

Mutane yawanci suna amsawa da sauri don maganin catatonia. Idan mutum bai amsa magungunan da aka ba shi ba, likita na iya ba da wasu magunguna har sai bayyanar cututtuka ta ragu.

Mutanen da ke fama da cutar ECT suna da saurin komowa don catatonia. Kwayar cutar galibi takan sake bayyana a cikin shekara guda.

Shin za a iya hana catatonia?

Saboda ba a san ainihin dalilin catatonia ba, rigakafin ba zai yiwu ba. Koyaya, mutanen da ke da catatonia ya kamata su guji shan ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin cuta, kamar chlorpromazine. Amfani da magani na iya kara bayyanar cututtukan catatonia.