Kwancen Lymphocytic Cutar sankarar bargo (CLL)

Wadatacce

• Mene ne cutar sankarar bargo (CLL) ta yau da kullun?
• Menene alamun CLL?
• Menene maganin CLL?
• Chemotherapy
• Radiation
• Hanyoyin kwantar da hankali
• Kashin kashin jini ko gefe gefe na dashen sel
• Karin jini
• Tiyata
• Ta yaya ake bincikar CLL?
• Cikakken ƙidayar jini (CBC) tare da bambancin farin jini (WBC) bambanci
• Gwajin Immunoglobulin
• Gwajin kasusuwa
• CT dubawa
• Gudanar da cytometry da cytochemistry
• Gwajin kwayoyin halitta da kwayoyin
• Menene ƙimar rayuwa ga mutanen da ke da CLL?
• Yaya aka tsara CLL?
• Menene ke haifar da CLL, kuma shin akwai abubuwan haɗari ga wannan cuta?
• Shin akwai wasu rikitarwa na magani?
• Menene hangen nesa na CLL?

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Mene ne cutar sankarar bargo (CLL) ta yau da kullun?

Cutar sankarar bargo wani nau'i ne na cutar kansa wanda ya shafi ƙwayoyin jinin ɗan adam da ƙwayoyin halittar jini. Akwai nau'ikan cutar sankarar bargo da yawa, kowanne yana shafar ƙwayoyin jini daban-daban. Cutar sankarar bargo ta lymphocytic, ko CLL, na shafar ƙwayoyin lymphocytes.

Lymphocytes wani nau'in ƙwayar farin jini ne (WBC). CLL yana shafar ƙwayoyin lymphocytes na B, waɗanda kuma ana kiransu ƙwayoyin B.

Kwayoyin al'ada B suna yawo a cikin jininka kuma suna taimakawa jikinka yaƙar kamuwa da cuta. Kwayoyin Cancerous B ba sa yaƙar cututtuka kamar ƙwayoyin B na al'ada. Yayinda adadin ƙwayoyin B masu cutar kansa ke ƙaruwa a hankali, sai su fitar da ƙwayoyin lymphocytes na al'ada.

CLL shine mafi yawan cutar sankarar bargo a cikin manya. Cibiyar Cancer ta Kasa (NCI) ta kiyasta cewa 21,040 ne za a sake samun sabbin mutane a Amurka a shekarar 2020.

Menene alamun CLL?

Wasu mutanen da ke da CLL ba su da wata alama, kuma ana iya gano kansar su yayin gwajin jini na yau da kullun.

Idan kuna da alamun bayyanar, yawanci sun haɗa da:

• gajiya
• zazzaɓi
• yawan kamuwa da cuta ko rashin lafiya
• rashin nauyi ko rashin tsammani
• zufa na dare
• jin sanyi
• kumburin kumburin lymph

Yayin gwajin jiki, likitanka na iya gano cewa ƙwayoyin hanta, hanta, ko lymph sun faɗaɗa. Waɗannan na iya zama alamun cewa cutar daji ta bazu zuwa waɗannan gabobin. Wannan yakan faru ne a cikin ci gaban shari'o'in CLL.

Idan wannan ya faru da kai, zaka iya jin kumburi mai zafi a wuyanka ko jin cikakken ko kumburi a cikin cikinka.

Menene maganin CLL?

Idan kuna da CLL mai ƙananan haɗari, likitanku na iya ba ku shawara ku jira kawai ku kalli sababbin alamun. Wataƙila cutarku ba ta tsananta ba ko kuma buƙatar magani na shekaru. Wasu mutane ba sa buƙatar magani.

A wasu lokuta na rashin haɗari CLL, likitanku na iya ba da shawarar magani. Misali, suna iya ba da shawarar magani idan kana da:

• m, maimaita cututtuka
• ƙananan ƙwayoyin jini yana ƙidaya
• kasala ko gumin dare
• Lymph nodes masu raɗaɗi

Idan kana da matsakaici- ko babban haɗari CLL, likitanka zai ba ka shawara ka ci gaba da magani kai tsaye.

Da ke ƙasa akwai wasu jiyya da likitanku zai iya ba da shawarar.

Chemotherapy

Chemotherapy shine babban magani ga CLL. Ya haɗa da amfani da magunguna don kashe ƙwayoyin kansa. Dogaro da ainihin magungunan da likitanka ya rubuta, zaka iya ɗauka a cikin jijiya ko a baki.

Radiation

A wannan tsarin, ana amfani da ƙwayoyin ƙarfi ko raƙuman ruwa don kashe ƙwayoyin kansa. Radiation ba kasafai ake amfani dashi don CLL ba, amma idan kuna da raɗaɗi, kumbura ƙwayoyin lymph, maganin radiation zai iya taimakawa rage su da kuma sauƙaƙa azabar ku.

Hanyoyin kwantar da hankali

Therapwararrun hanyoyin kwantar da hankali suna mai da hankali kan takamaiman ƙwayoyin cuta, sunadarai, ko kyallen takarda waɗanda ke ba da gudummawa ga rayuwar ƙwayoyin kansa. Waɗannan na iya haɗawa da:

• kwayoyin cuta na monoclonal, wadanda suka hada da sunadarai
• masu hana kinase wadanda zasu iya lalata kwayoyin cutar kansa ta hanyar toshe wasu enzymes na kinase

Kashin kashin jini ko gefe gefe na dashen sel

Idan kana da babban haɗari CLL, wannan maganin na iya zama zaɓi. Ya ƙunshi shan ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin cuta daga ƙashin ƙashi ko jinin mai bayarwa - galibi dan uwa - da dasa su cikin jikinku don taimakawa kafa ƙashin ƙashi mai lafiya.

Karin jini

Idan kwayar jinin ku ta yi karanci, mai yuwuwa ku sami karin jini ta layin intanet (IV) don kara su.

Tiyata

A wasu lokuta, likitanka na iya bayar da shawarar yin tiyata don cire saifa idan ya kara girma saboda CLL.

Ta yaya ake bincikar CLL?

Idan likitanku yana tsammanin kuna da CLL, zasu iya amfani da gwaje-gwaje daban-daban don tabbatar da cutar. Misali, wataƙila za su yi oda ɗaya ko fiye na waɗannan gwaje-gwaje masu zuwa.

Cikakken ƙidayar jini (CBC) tare da bambancin farin jini (WBC) bambanci

Likitanku na iya amfani da wannan gwajin jini don auna adadin ƙwayoyin halitta daban-daban a cikin jininku, gami da nau'ikan WBC daban-daban.

Idan kana da CLL, zaka sami lymphocytes fiye da al'ada.

Gwajin Immunoglobulin

Likitanku na iya amfani da wannan gwajin jini don koyo idan kuna da isassun ƙwayoyin cuta don yaƙi da cututtuka.

Gwajin kasusuwa

A wannan tsarin, likitanka ya saka allura tare da bututu na musamman a cikin ƙashin ƙashin ka ko ƙashin ƙirjin ka don samun samfurin kashin kashin ka don gwaji.

CT dubawa

Likitan ku na iya amfani da hotunan da CT scan ya kirkira don neman kumburin lymph a kirjin ku ko cikin ku.

Gudanar da cytometry da cytochemistry

Tare da waɗannan gwaje-gwajen, ana amfani da sinadarai ko launuka don ganin alamomi daban-daban a kan ƙwayoyin cutar kansa don taimakawa tantance nau'in cutar sankarar bargo. Samfurin jini shine kawai abin da ake buƙata don waɗannan gwaje-gwajen.

Gwajin kwayoyin halitta da kwayoyin

Wadannan gwaje-gwajen suna kallon kwayoyin halitta, sunadarai, da canjin chromosome wanda zai iya zama wajan wasu nau'ikan cutar sankarar bargo. Har ila yau, suna taimakawa wajen sanin yadda cutar za ta ci gaba da sauri kuma suna taimaka wa likitan ku zaɓi waɗanne zaɓuɓɓukan magani don amfani.

Gwajin kwayar halitta don samun irin waɗannan canje-canje ko maye gurbi na iya haɗawa da haske a cikin yanayin haɗuwa (FISH) da gwajin polymerase.

Menene ƙimar rayuwa ga mutanen da ke da CLL?

Adadin rayuwa na shekaru 5 ga Amurkawa tare da CLL shine kashi 86.1, a cewar NCI. Cibiyar ta kuma kiyasta cewa CLL zai haifar da mutuwar 4,060 a cikin Amurka a cikin 2020.

Yawan tsira yana da ƙasa ga tsofaffi masu fama da yanayin.

Yaya aka tsara CLL?

Idan likitanka ya yanke shawara cewa kana da CLL, za su ba da umarnin ƙarin gwaji don auna girman cutar. Wannan yana taimaka wa likitanka rarraba matakin kansar, wanda zai jagorantar shirin maganinku.

Don yin matakin CLL, likitanku zai yiwu ya ba da umarnin gwajin jini don samun ƙwan jinin ku (RBC) da takamaiman ƙididdigar lymphocyte na jini. Hakanan zasu iya bincika idan ƙwayoyin lymph ɗinka, saifa, ko hanta sun faɗaɗa.

A karkashin tsarin Rai na rarrabuwa, ana shirya CLL daga 0 zuwa 4. Rai mataki 0 ​​CLL shine mafi ƙarancin tsanani, yayin da Rai mataki 4 shine mafi ci gaba.

Don dalilai na jiyya, ana kuma rarraba matakan cikin matakan haɗari. Rai mataki 0 ​​ƙananan haɗari ne, Matakan Rai 1 da 2 haɗari ne na tsaka-tsaki, kuma matakan Rai na 3 da 4 na da haɗari sosai, in ji Canungiyar Ciwon Sanarwar Amurka.

Anan akwai alamun bayyanar CLL na yau da kullun a kowane mataki:

• Mataki na 0: babban matakan lymphocytes
• Mataki na 1: babban matakan lymphocytes; kara narkarda lymph
• Mataki na 2: babban matakan lymphocytes; ƙwayoyin lymph za a iya faɗaɗa su; kumbura kumbura; yiwuwar kara girman hanta
• mataki 3: babban matakan lymphocytes; karancin jini; ƙwayoyin lymph, baƙin ciki, ko hanta na iya faɗaɗa
• mataki 4: babban matakan lymphocytes; ƙwayoyin lymph, saifa, ko hanta na iya faɗaɗa; yiwuwar karancin jini; ƙananan matakan platelets

Menene ke haifar da CLL, kuma shin akwai abubuwan haɗari ga wannan cuta?

Masana basu san ainihin abin da ke haifar da CLL ba. Koyaya, akwai abubuwan haɗari waɗanda ke ƙaruwa da yiwuwar haɓakar CLL.

Anan akwai wasu abubuwan haɗari waɗanda ke da damar haɓaka yiwuwar mutum na haɓaka CLL:

• Shekaru. Ba a daɗe da bincikar CLL a cikin mutanen da shekarunsu ba su kai 40 ba. Yawancin cututtukan CLL ana bincikar su a cikin mutane sama da shekaru 50. Matsakaicin shekarun mutanen da aka gano da CLL shine 71.
• Jima'i. Ya fi shafar maza fiye da mata.
• Kabilanci. Ya fi zama ruwan dare a cikin mutanen asalin Rasha da Turai kuma ba safai ake samunsu ba daga mutanen Asiya ta Gabas da Kudu maso Gabashin Asiya ba.
• Monoclonal B-kwayar lymphocytosis. Akwai ƙananan haɗari cewa wannan yanayin, wanda ke haifar da mafi girma fiye da matakan al'ada na lymphocytes, na iya juya zuwa CLL.
• Muhalli. Ma'aikatar Tsohon Sojan Amurka ta haɗa da fallasawa zuwa Agent Orange, makami mai guba da aka yi amfani da shi yayin Yaƙin Vietnam, a matsayin haɗarin haɗari ga CLL.
• Tarihin iyali. Mutanen da ke da dangi nan da nan tare da ganewar CLL suna da haɗari mafi girma ga CLL.

Shin akwai wasu rikitarwa na magani?

Chemotherapy yana raunana garkuwar ku, yana barin ku mafi saukin kamuwa da cututtuka. Hakanan zaka iya haɓaka matakan mahaukaci na ƙwayoyin cuta da ƙarancin ƙididdigar ƙwayar ƙarancin jini yayin magani.

Sauran cututtukan cututtuka na yau da kullun sun haɗa da:

• gajiya
• asarar gashi
• ciwon baki
• rasa ci
• tashin zuciya da amai

A wasu lokuta, sanko na iya taimakawa ga ci gaban wasu cututtukan kansa.

Radiation, ƙarin jini, da ƙashin kashin jini ko daskararren kwayar halitta na iya haifar da illa.

Don magance takamaiman sakamako masu illa, likitanku na iya yin oda:

• IV immunoglobulin
• corticosteroids
• cirewar ciki
• da rituximab

Yi magana da likitanka game da tasirin tasirin maganinku. Zasu iya fada muku wadanne alamomi da illolin da ke bukatar kulawar likita.

Menene hangen nesa na CLL?

Adadin rayuwa don CLL ya bambanta sosai. Shekarunka, jima'i, rashin daidaito na chromosome, da halayen kwayar cutar kansa na iya shafar hangen nesa na dogon lokaci. Ba a warkar da cutar sosai, amma yawancin mutane suna rayuwa tsawon shekaru tare da CLL.

Tambayi likitanku game da takamaiman lamarinku. Zasu iya taimaka maka fahimtar yadda cutar sankararka ta ci gaba. Hakanan zasu iya tattauna hanyoyin zaɓin maganinku da hangen nesa.