Mene ne keɓaɓɓiyar kewaya da yadda yake aiki

Wadatacce

• Yadda yake aiki
• Matsaloli da ka iya faruwa

Keɓaɓɓen kewaya wata dabara ce wacce ake amfani da ita a buɗewar tiyata ta zuciya, kamar a maye gurbin bawul, dasawa ko sake nazarin ƙwayar tsoka, kamar yadda yake maye gurbin aikin zuciya da huhu. Don haka, likita na iya yin aikin ba tare da damuwa game da zagawar jini ba.

Bugu da kari, wannan dabarar kuma tana hana wucewar jini ta cikin huhu, wanda ke rage damar kamuwa da cutar huhu, saboda babu wani hadari na rauni ga zuciya da ke haifar da daskarewar jini wanda ya kawo karshe zuwa cikin huhu.

Yadda yake aiki

Keɓaɓɓen keɓaɓɓiyar hanya ana yin ta ne ta hanyar saitin injina waɗanda suke ƙoƙari su maye gurbinsu da kwaikwayon aikin yawo da jini cikin jiki. Don haka, fasaha ce wacce ta haɗa da matakai da abubuwa da yawa:

1. Cire jinin jini: an sanya catheter kusa da zuciya don cire jinin jini wanda ya fito daga dukkan jiki, yana hana shi isa madaidaiciyar zuciyar;
2. Madatsar ruwa: jinin da aka cire an tara shi a cikin matattarar ruwa kimanin 50 zuwa 70 cm ƙasa da matakin zuciya, wanda ke ci gaba da gudana ta cikin injin wanda kuma har yanzu yake ba likita damar ƙara magunguna ko ƙarin jini zuwa zagayawa;
3. Oxygenator: sannan, ana aika da jini zuwa wata na'urar da ake kira oxygenator, wanda ke cire yawan iskar carbon dioxide daga jinin mai huɗa kuma ƙara oxygen don sanya shi jini na jijiya;
4. Mai kula da yanayin zafi: bayan barin oxygenator, jini yana zuwa mai kula da yanayin zafin jiki, wanda ke baiwa likita damar kula da yanayin zafin jiki daidai da na jiki ko rage shi, lokacin da yake bukatar haifar da kamuwa da bugun zuciya, misali;
5. Pampo kuma tace: kafin ya dawo cikin jiki, jinin ya bi ta wani fanfo wanda zai maye gurbin karfin zuciya, yana turawa cikin jini ta wani matattara da ke cire daskararre da sauran iskar gas da ka iya samuwa yayin yaduwa a wajen jiki;
6. Microfilters: bayan matatar, akwai kuma wasu matattara na microfilters waɗanda ke cire ƙananan ƙwayoyin, waɗanda, duk da cewa ba su haifar da matsala a cikin zagawar jiki ba, suna iya wucewa ta shingen kwakwalwar jini kuma ya isa kwakwalwa;
7. Komawar jinin jiji a jiki: a ƙarshe, jini yana sake shiga cikin jiki, kai tsaye zuwa cikin aorta, ana rarraba shi cikin jikin duka.

Duk cikin aikin, akwai fanfuna da yawa da ke taimakawa jini ya yi tawaya, don kada ya tsaya wuri guda kuma yana ƙara haɗarin daskarewa.

Matsaloli da ka iya faruwa

Kodayake fasaha ce da aka yi amfani da ita, mai sauƙin sauƙi kuma tare da fa'idodi da yawa don tiyata ta zuciya, kewayawar zuciya na iya haifar da wasu matsaloli. Ofayan rikice-rikice mafi saurin shine ci gaban kumburi na tsari, wanda jiki ke amsawa da ƙwayoyin jini don yaƙi da kamuwa da cuta. Wannan saboda jinin ya haɗu da abubuwan da ba na al'ada ba a cikin inji, wanda ya ƙare ya lalata yawancin ƙwayoyin jini da haifar da amsa mai kumburi a cikin jiki.

Bugu da kari, saboda canje-canje a cikin sauri da zafin jiki da jini zai iya wucewa zuwa cikin na’urar, hakan kuma yana kara barazanar daskarewa kuma, sabili da haka, bayan irin wannan tiyatar yana da matukar mahimmanci a san bayyanar embolism a cikin huhu ko ma shanyewar jiki. Koyaya, tunda yakamata ku kasance cikin ICU bayan tiyata, yawanci ana sa ido akan dukkan alamu masu mahimmanci don kaucewa irin wannan rikitarwa.