Gwajin Coombs

Wadatacce

• Me yasa ake yin gwajin Coombs?
• Yaya ake yin gwajin Coombs?
• Ta yaya zan shirya don gwajin Coombs?
• Menene haɗarin gwajin Coombs?
• Menene sakamakon gwajin Coombs?
• Sakamakon al'ada
• Sakamako mara kyau a cikin gwajin Coombs kai tsaye
• Sakamako mara kyau a cikin gwajin kai tsaye na Coombs

Menene gwajin Coombs?

Idan kun kasance kuna jin kasala, kuna da numfashi, hannayenku da ƙafafunku masu sanyi, da kuma kodaddiyar fata, ƙila kuna da isasshen ƙwayoyin jinin jini. Wannan yanayin ana kiransa anemia, kuma yana da dalilai da yawa.

Idan likitanku ya tabbatar da cewa kuna da ƙarancin ƙwayar ƙwayar jinin jini, gwajin Coombs yana ɗaya daga cikin gwajin jini da likitanku zai iya ba da umarni don gano irin cutar rashin lafiyar da kuke da ita.

Me yasa ake yin gwajin Coombs?

Gwajin Coombs yana bincikar jinin don ganin ko ya ƙunshi wasu ƙwayoyin cuta. Antibodies sunadarai ne wadanda garkuwar jikinka keyi yayin gano su cewa wani abu na iya cutar da lafiyar ka.

Waɗannan ƙwayoyin cuta za su lalata mai cutarwa. Idan tsarin garkuwar jiki ba daidai bane, wani lokacin yana iya yin kwayoyi zuwa ga kwayoyin jikin ka. Wannan na iya haifar da nau'ikan matsalolin lafiya.

Gwajin Coombs zai taimaka wa likitanka yanke shawara idan kana da kwayoyin cuta a cikin jini wanda ke haifar da garkuwar jikinka ta kai farmaki da lalata ɗinka jajayen jini. Idan ana lalata jajayen jinin ku, wannan na iya haifar da yanayin da ake kira hemolytic anemia.

Akwai gwaje-gwajen Coombs iri biyu: gwajin Coombs kai tsaye da gwajin Coombs kai tsaye. Gwajin kai tsaye ya fi yawa kuma ana yin bincike akan kwayar cutar da ke haɗe da farfajiyar jinin jininku.

Gwajin na kai tsaye yana bincikar ƙwayoyin jikin da ba a haɗe ba waɗanda ke yawo a cikin jini. Hakanan ana gudanar dashi don ƙayyade idan akwai yuwuwar mummunan sakamako ga ƙarin jini.

Yaya ake yin gwajin Coombs?

Samfurin jininka za'a buƙaci ayi gwajin. An gwada jinin tare da mahaɗan da zasu yi aiki tare da ƙwayoyin cuta a cikin jininka.

Samun jinin ana samun sa ne ta hanyar venipuncture, inda ake saka allura a jijiya a hannu ko a hannu. Allurar na jan karamin jini zuwa bututu. Ana ajiye samfurin a cikin bututun gwaji.

Ana yin wannan gwajin a kan jarirai waɗanda ƙila suna da ƙwayoyin cuta a cikin jininsu saboda mahaifiyarsu tana da nau'in jini dabam. Don yin wannan gwajin a cikin jariri, ana huda fata da ƙaramin allura mai kaifi da ake kira lancet, yawanci akan diddigen ƙafa. Ana tattara jini a cikin ƙaramin bututun gilashi, a kan gilashin gilashi, ko akan tsiri na gwaji.

Ta yaya zan shirya don gwajin Coombs?

Babu wani shiri na musamman da ya zama dole. Likitan ku zai sha ruwa daidai gwargwado kafin zuwa dakin gwaje-gwaje ko wurin tarawa.

Wataƙila ka daina shan wasu magunguna kafin a yi gwajin, amma idan likitanka ya gaya maka ka yi hakan.

Menene haɗarin gwajin Coombs?

Lokacin da aka tattara jinin, zaku iya jin zafi na matsakaici ko jin ƙaiƙayi mara nauyi. Koyaya, wannan yawanci na ɗan gajeren lokaci ne kaɗan kaɗan. Bayan an cire allurar, zaku iya jin bugun zuciya. Za a umarce ku da yin amfani da matsin lamba a kan shafin da allurar ta shiga fatar ku.

Za a yi amfani da bandeji. Zai buƙaci zama a wuri galibi tsawon minti 10 zuwa 20. Ya kamata ku guji amfani da wannan hannun don ɗaga nauyi har tsawon yini.

Haɗari masu haɗari sun haɗa da:

• ciwon kai ko suma
• hematoma, aljihun jini a ƙarƙashin fata wanda yake kama da rauni
• kamuwa da cuta, yawanci ana hana shi ta hanyar tsabtace fata kafin a saka allurar
• zubar jini mai yawa (zub da jini na dogon lokaci bayan gwajin na iya nuna yanayin zubar jini mafi tsanani kuma ya kamata a sanar da likitanka)

Menene sakamakon gwajin Coombs?

Sakamakon al'ada

Ana daukar sakamako na al'ada idan babu dunƙulewar ƙwayoyin jan jini.

Sakamako mara kyau a cikin gwajin Coombs kai tsaye

Cunkoson ƙwayoyin jinin ja lokacin gwajin yana nuna sakamako mara kyau. Agglutination (dunƙule) na ƙwayoyin jininka yayin gwajin Coombs kai tsaye yana nufin cewa kuna da ƙwayoyi a jikin jinin jini kuma kuna da yanayin da ke haifar da lalata ƙwayoyin jinin jini ta tsarin garkuwar ku, wanda ake kira hemolysis.

Yanayin da zai iya haifar maka da kwayoyin cuta akan kwayoyin jinin ja sune:

• autoemmune hemolytic anemia, lokacin da garkuwar jikinka tayi tasiri game da jajayen jinin ka
• karin jini, lokacin da garkuwar jikinka ta kai wa jini gudummawa
• erythroblastosis fetalis, ko nau'ikan jini daban tsakanin uwa da jariri
• cutar sankarar bargo ta lymphocytic da sauran wasu cutar sankarar bargo
• systemic lupus erythematosus, cututtukan autoimmune da mafi yawan nau'in cutar lupus
• mononucleosis
• kamuwa da cuta tare da mycoplasma, wani nau'in ƙwayoyin cuta waɗanda yawancin rigakafi ba za su iya kashewa ba
• syphilis

Guba da ke cikin kwayoyi wani yanayi ne mai yuwuwa wanda zai iya haifar maka da kwayoyi akan jinin ja. Magunguna waɗanda zasu iya haifar da wannan sun haɗa da:

• cephalosporins, maganin rigakafi
• levodopa, don cutar ta Parkinson
• dapsone, maganin rigakafi
• nitrofurantoin (Macrobid, Macrodantin, Furadantin), maganin rigakafi
• cututtukan cututtukan nonsteroidal (NSAIDs) kamar ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin IB)
• quinidine, maganin zuciya

Wani lokaci, musamman a cikin tsofaffi, gwajin Coombs zai sami sakamako mara kyau koda ba tare da wata cuta ko abubuwan haɗari ba.

Sakamako mara kyau a cikin gwajin kai tsaye na Coombs

Sakamakon sakamako mara kyau a cikin gwajin kai tsaye na Coombs yana nufin kuna da ƙwayoyin cuta da ke yawo a cikin jini wanda zai iya haifar da garkuwar jikinku ta amsa ga duk wani jan jini wanda ake ɗauka baƙon ga jiki - musamman waɗanda ke iya kasancewa yayin karɓar jini.

Dogaro da shekaru da kuma yanayin, wannan na iya nufin erythroblastosis fetalis, wasan jini da bai dace ba don ƙarin jini, ko ƙarancin jini a sakamakon maye gurbin mutum ko cutar da yake yi.

Yaran da ke dauke da cutar erythroblastosis fetalis na iya samun yawan bilirubin a cikin jinin su, wanda ke haifar da jaundice. Wannan halayen yana faruwa ne lokacin da jariri da mahaifiyarsa suna da nau'ikan jini daban, kamar su Rh factor tabbatacce ko korau ko bambance-bambancen nau'in ABO. Tsarin garkuwar uwa na kai hari ga jinin jariri yayin nakuda.

Dole ne a lura da wannan yanayin sosai. Zai iya haifar da mutuwar uwa da ɗa. Mace mai ciki galibi ana ba ta gwajin Coombs kai tsaye don bincika ƙwayoyin cuta kafin ƙarƙuwa lokacin haihuwa.