Cutar ta Sifen: menene ita, alamomi da komai game da annobar 1918

Wadatacce

• Babban bayyanar cututtuka
• Dalili da nau'in watsawa
• Yadda aka yi maganin
• Rigakafin cutar ta Spain

Cutar murar Spain cuta ce da ta samo asali daga maye gurbin kwayar cutar mura wacce ta yi sanadiyyar mutuwar mutane sama da miliyan 50, wanda ya shafi dukkan mutanen duniya tsakanin shekarun 1918 da 1920, a lokacin yakin duniya na farko.

Da farko dai, cutar ta Spain ta bayyana ne kawai a kasashen Turai da Amurka, amma a cikin ‘yan watanni ta yadu zuwa sauran kasashen duniya, abin da ya shafi Indiya, kudu maso gabashin Asiya, Japan, China, Amurka ta tsakiya har ma da Brazil, inda ta kashe mutane sama da 10,000 a Rio de Janeiro da 2,000 a São Paulo.

Cutar ta Spain ba ta da magani, amma cutar ta ɓace tsakanin ƙarshen 1919 da farkon 1920, kuma ba a ƙara ba da rahoton wasu da suka kamu da cutar ba tun wancan lokacin.

Babban bayyanar cututtuka

Kwayar cutar ta mura ta Spain ta sami ikon shafar tsarin jiki daban-daban, ma'ana, yana iya haifar da alamomi lokacin da ya kai ga numfashi, juyayi, narkewa, koda ko tsarin jini. Don haka, manyan alamun alamun cutar ta Sifen sun haɗa da:

• Muscle da haɗin gwiwa;
• M ciwon kai;
• Rashin bacci;
• Zazzabi sama da 38º;
• Gajiya mai yawa;
• Wahalar numfashi;
• Jin motsin numfashi;
• Kumburin maƙogwaro, maƙogwaron hanji, bututun iska da ciwan hanci;
• Namoniya;
• Ciwon ciki;
• Orara ko raguwar bugun zuciya;
• Proteinuria, wanda shine karuwar haɓakar furotin a cikin fitsari;
• Ciwon mara.

Bayan 'yan awanni na fara bayyanar cututtuka, marasa lafiya da ke fama da cutar mura ta Spain za su iya samun tabo mai launin ruwan kasa a fuskokinsu, launin fata, yin tari na jini da zub da jini daga hanci da kunnuwa.

Dalili da nau'in watsawa

Cutar ta Spain ta samo asali ne daga bazuwar maye gurbi a cikin kwayar cutar mura wacce ta haifar da kwayar ta H1N1.

Ana kamuwa da wannan kwayar cutar daga mutum zuwa mutum ta hanyar mu'amala kai tsaye, tari da ma ta iska, galibi saboda tsarin kiwon lafiya na kasashe da dama na fama da rauni da kuma fama da rikice-rikice na Babban Yaƙin.

Yadda aka yi maganin

Ba a gano magani don cutar ta Spain ba, kuma yana da kyau kawai a huta kuma a kula da wadataccen abinci da ƙoshin ruwa. Don haka, marasa lafiya kalilan ne suka warke, ya danganta da tsarin garkuwar jikinsu.

Tunda babu maganin rigakafi a lokacin game da kwayar, an yi maganin ne don magance alamun kuma yawanci likita aspirin ne ya ba da umarnin, wanda shine maganin kumburi da ake amfani da shi don magance zafi da rage zazzabi.

Maye gurbi na kwayar cutar mura ta shekarar 1918 daidai yake da wanda ya bayyana a shari'ar cutar murar tsuntsaye (H5N1) ko murar aladu (H1N1). A cikin wadannan lamuran, tunda ba sauki a gano kwayoyin halittar da ke haifar da cutar ba, ba zai yiwu a samu magani mai inganci ba, wanda ke sa cutar ta zama sanadin mutuwa a mafi yawan lokuta.

Rigakafin cutar ta Spain

Don hana yaduwar kwayar cutar ta kwayar cutar ta sipaniya an ba da shawarar kauce wa kasancewa a wuraren taruwar jama'a tare da mutane da yawa, kamar gidajen kallo ko makarantu, kuma saboda wannan dalili, wasu biranen sun yi watsi da su.

A zamanin yau hanya mafi kyau don hana mura ita ce ta rigakafin shekara-shekara, tunda ƙwayoyin cuta suna canzawa ba zato ba tsammani a cikin shekara don su rayu. Baya ga allurar rigakafin, akwai magungunan kashe kwayoyin cuta, wadanda suka bayyana a shekarar 1928, wadanda kuma likita zai iya ba da umarni don hana afkuwar cututtukan kwayoyin cuta bayan mura.

Hakanan yana da mahimmanci a guji mahalli mai cunkoson mutane, saboda kwayar cutar ta mura na iya wucewa daga mutum zuwa mutum cikin sauƙi. Ga yadda zaka kiyaye mura.

Duba bidiyo mai zuwa ka fahimci yadda annoba za ta iya tashi da yadda za a hana afkuwarta: