Gwajin Ji ga Yara

Wadatacce

• Menene gwajin ji ga yara?
• Me ake amfani da su?
• Me yasa ɗana ke buƙatar gwajin ji?
• Menene ya faru yayin gwajin ji?
• Shin zan buƙaci yin komai don shirya don gwajin ji?
• Shin akwai haɗari ga gwajin ji?
• Menene sakamakon yake nufi?
• Shin akwai wani abin da nake bukatar sani game da gwajin ji?
• Bayani

Menene gwajin ji ga yara?

Waɗannan gwaje-gwajen suna auna yadda ɗanku zai iya ji. Kodayake rashin jin magana na iya faruwa a kowane zamani, matsalolin ji a ƙuruciya da ƙuruciya na iya haifar da mummunan sakamako. Wancan ne saboda jin al'ada yana da mahimmanci don haɓaka harshe a jarirai da yara. Ko da rashin jin lokaci na ɗan lokaci na iya sa ya zama da wuya ga yaro ya fahimci yaren da ake magana da shi kuma ya koyi yin magana.

Jin al'ada yana faruwa yayin raƙuman sauti suna tafiya a cikin kunnenku, wanda ke haifar da kunnen ka ya girgiza. Faɗakarwar tana motsa raƙuman ruwa zuwa nesa a cikin kunne, inda yake haifar da ƙwayoyin jijiyoyi don aika saƙon sauti zuwa kwakwalwarku. Ana fassara wannan bayanin zuwa sautunan da kuka ji.

Rashin sauraro na faruwa ne yayin da aka samu matsala da bangare daya ko fiye na kunne, jijiyoyin cikin kunne, ko bangaren kwakwalwar da ke kula da ji. Akwai manyan nau'ikan nau'ikan rashin ji guda uku:

• Mai gudanar da aiki. Irin wannan rashin jin yana faruwa ne sanadiyyar toshewar sauti zuwa cikin kunne. Abin yafi yawa ga jarirai da ƙananan yara kuma sau da yawa ana haifar da cututtukan kunne ko ruwa a cikin kunnuwan. Rashin ji na yau da kullun yana da sauƙi, na ɗan lokaci, kuma ana iya magance shi.
• Sensorineurual (wanda ake kira rashin jijiya). Irin wannan rashin jin yana faruwa ne ta hanyar matsalar tsarin kunne da / ko kuma tare da jijiyoyin da ke kula da ji. Zai iya kasancewa lokacin haihuwa ko bayyana a ƙarshen rayuwa. Rashin jin tabin hankali yawanci na dindindin ne. Wannan nau'in rashin jin yana daga m (rashin jin wasu sautuka) zuwa zurfin (rashin jin kowane sauti).
• Gauraye, haɗuwa da rashi mai gudana da raunin ji.

Idan an tabbatar da yaron ku da rashin jin magana, akwai matakan da zaku iya ɗauka waɗanda zasu iya taimakawa wajen magance ko sarrafa yanayin.

Sauran sunaye: audiometry; audiography, audiogram, gwajin sauti

Me ake amfani da su?

Ana amfani da waɗannan gwaje-gwajen ne don gano ko yaranku na fama da rashin jin magana, idan kuwa haka ne, yaya girman lamarin yake.

Me yasa ɗana ke buƙatar gwajin ji?

Jarabawa na yau da kullun ana bada shawara ga yawancin jarirai da yara. Yara yawanci akan basu gwajin ji kafin su bar asibiti. Idan jaririn bai tsallake wannan gwajin ji ba, koyaushe ba yana nufin rashin jin mai tsanani ba. Amma ya kamata a sake gwada jaririn cikin watanni uku.

Yawancin yara ya kamata a duba jin su a yayin duba lafiyar su akai-akai. Waɗannan binciken na iya haɗawa da gwajin jiki na kunne wanda ke bincika kakin zuma, ruwa, ko alamun kamuwa da cuta. Kwalejin Ilimin Yammacin Amurka ta ba da shawarar karin gwajin ji sosai (duba ƙasa don nau'ikan gwaje-gwaje) a shekaru 4, 5, 6, 8, da 10. Ya kamata a yi gwaji sau da yawa idan ɗanka yana da alamun rashin jin magana.

Kwayar cututtukan rashin ji a jariri sun hada da:

• Rashin tsalle ko firgita yayin amsa sautin
• Rashin amsa ga muryar iyaye har zuwa watanni 3 da haihuwa
• Bata juya idanunsa ko kai zuwa sautin ba da watanni 6 da haihuwa
• Rashin kwaikwayon sautuna ko faɗan simplean kalmomi masu sauƙi har zuwa watanni 12 da haihuwa

Kwayar cututtukan rashin ji a cikin yaro sun hada da:

• Jinkirta magana ko magana wacce take da wuyar fahimta. Yawancin yara kanana na iya faɗan ƙananan kalmomi, kamar "mama" ko "dada," har zuwa watanni 15 da haihuwa.
• Baya amsawa idan aka kirasu da suna
• Ba a kula ba

Kwayar cututtukan rashin ji a manyan yara da matasa sun hada da:

• Matsalar fahimtar abin da wasu mutane ke faɗi, musamman a cikin yanayin hayaniya
• Matsalar jin sautuka masu ƙarfi
• Ana buƙatar kunna ƙarar akan TV ko na'urar kunna kiɗa
• Sautin ringi a kunnuwa

Menene ya faru yayin gwajin ji?

Ana yin gwaje-gwajen ji na farko yayin binciken yau da kullun. Idan akwai rashin sauraro, ɗayan masu samarwa za a iya gwada shi kuma a yi masa magani:

• Kwararren masanin jiwuwa, mai ba da kiwon lafiya wanda ya kware a bincikar lafiya, magancewa, da kuma kula da rashin jin magana
• Masanin ilimin halittar jikin dan adam (ENT), likita ne da ya kware kan kula da cututtuka da yanayin kunnuwa, hanci, da makogwaro

Akwai gwaje-gwajen ji da yawa. Nau'in gwajin da aka bayar ya dogara da shekaru da alamun cutar. Ga jarirai da yara ƙanana, gwajin yana ƙunshe da amfani da firikwensin firikwensin (waɗanda suke kama da ƙananan lambobi) ko bincike don auna ji. Ba sa buƙatar amsa ta baki. Za a iya yiwa tsofaffin yara gwajin gwaji. Gwajin sauti suna bincika amsawa ga sautuna ko kalmomin da aka gabatar a filaye daban-daban, juzu'i, da / ko yanayin hayaniya.

Gwajin ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwa (ABR).Wannan yana bincika asarar hasara na ji. Yana auna yadda kwakwalwa ke amsa sauti. Ana amfani dashi mafi yawa don gwada jarirai, gami da jarirai. Yayin wannan gwajin:

• Masanin jiyo ko wani mai bayarwa zai sanya wayoyi a fatar kai da bayan kowane kunne. Wayoyin suna hade da kwamfuta.
• Za a sanya ƙaramin kunnuwa a cikin kunnuwa.
• Za a aika latsawa da sautuna zuwa belin kunne.
• Wutan lantarki suna auna amsar kwakwalwa ga sautuna kuma zasu nuna sakamakon akan kwamfutar.

Otoacoustic emissions (OAE) gwajin. Ana amfani da wannan gwajin don jarirai da yara ƙanana. Yayin gwajin:

• Masanin jiyo ko wani mai bayarwa zai sanya karamin bincike wanda yayi kama da wayar kunne a cikin mashigar kunnen.
• Za a aika da sauti zuwa binciken.
• Binciken yana yin rikodin kuma yana auna martanin kunne na ciki ga sautunan.
• Gwajin na iya samun asarar ji, amma ba zai iya faɗi bambanci tsakanin tasirin sauraro da na ji ba.

Tympanometry yana gwada yadda dodon kunnenka yake motsawa. Yayin gwajin:

• Masanin ilimin jiyo ko wani mai ba da sabis zai sanya ƙaramin na'ura a cikin mashigar kunne.
• Na'urar za ta tura iska a cikin kunne, ta sanya kunnen ya yi gaba da gaba.
• Inji yana yin rikodin motsi akan zane wanda ake kira tympanogram.
• Jarabawar na taimakawa gano ko akwai ciwon kunne ko wasu matsaloli kamar ruwa ko tsirowar kakin zuma, ko rami ko hawaye a cikin kunne.
• Wannan gwajin yana buƙatar ɗanka ya zauna sosai, saboda haka ba kasafai ake amfani da shi akan jarirai ko ƙananan yara ba.

Wadannan wasu nau'ikan gwajin sauti ne:

Matakan Bunkasar Acoustic wanda kuma ake kira tsakiyar kunne mai kumburi (MEMR), gwada yadda kunne zai amsa da sautuna masu ƙarfi. A cikin ji na yau da kullun, ƙaramar tsoka a cikin kunne tana matsewa lokacin da kuka ji kara. Wannan ana kiransa acoustic reflex. Hakan na faruwa ba tare da kun sani ba. Yayin gwajin:

• Masanin ilimin sauti ko wani mai ba da sabis zai sanya ɗan roba mai taushi a cikin kunnen.
• Za'a aika jerin sautuka masu ƙarfi ta cikin tukwici kuma a ɗauka akan mashin.
• Injin zai nuna lokacin ko idan sautin ya haifar da damuwa.
• Idan rashin ji ba shi da kyau, sautin na iya zama da karfi sosai don haifar da jan hankali, ko kuma ba zai haifar da da hankali ba kwata-kwata.

Gwajin sautin-tsarki, wanda aka fi sani da audiometry. Yayin wannan gwajin:

• Yaronku zai saka belun kunne.
• Za a aika jerin sautuna zuwa belun kunne.
• Masanin jiyo sauti ko wani mai bayarwa zai canza sautin da sautin sautunan a wurare daban-daban yayin gwajin. A wasu wurare, sautunan ba za a iya jin su ba.
• Mai ba da sabis ɗin zai nemi yaronku ya amsa duk lokacin da suka ji sautunan. Amsar na iya zama ɗaga hannu ko latsa maɓalli.
• Jarabawar na taimaka wajan samun sautin da yaro zai iya ji a filaye daban-daban.

Gyara gwaje-gwajen cokali mai yatsu Cire cokali mai yatsa wani ƙarfe ne mai ƙarfe biyu wanda ke yin sautin lokacin da ya girgiza. Yayin gwajin:

• Masanin jiyo ko wani mai bayarwa zai sanya cokali mai yatsu a bayan kunne ko a saman kai.
• Mai ba da sabis ɗin zai bugi cokali mai yatsu don ya yi sauti.
• Za a umarci ɗanka ya gaya wa mai ba da sabis a duk lokacin da ka ji sautin a juzu'i daban-daban, ko kuma idan sun ji sautin a kunnen hagu, kunnen dama, ko duka daidai.
• Gwajin na iya nunawa idan akwai rashin jin magana a kunne ɗaya ko duka kunnen. Hakanan yana iya nuna wane nau'in rashin jin ji ne ɗiyarku ke ciki (mai gudanar da aiki ko mahimmin yanayi).

Magana da gane kalma iya nuna yadda ɗanka zai iya jin yaren da ake magana da shi. Yayin gwajin:

• Yaronku zai saka belun kunne.
• Masanin jiyo sauti zai yi magana ta belun kunne, kuma ya umarci ɗanka ya maimaita jerin kalmomi masu sauƙi, waɗanda aka yi magana a matakai daban-daban.
• Mai ba da sabis ɗin zai yi rikodin magana mafi laushi da ɗanka zai iya ji.
• Wasu daga cikin gwajin ana iya yin su ne a cikin hayaniya, saboda mutane da yawa da ke fama da matsalar rashin jin magana suna da matsalar fahimtar magana a cikin manyan wurare.
• Ana yin waɗannan gwaje-gwajen ne a kan yara da suka isa yin magana da fahimtar yaren.

Shin zan buƙaci yin komai don shirya don gwajin ji?

Youranka ba ya buƙatar kowane shiri na musamman don gwajin ji.

Shin akwai haɗari ga gwajin ji?

Babu haɗarin yin gwajin ji.

Menene sakamakon yake nufi?

Sakamakonku na iya nunawa idan yaronku yana da matsalar rashin ji, da kuma ko rashin ji yana iya sarrafawa ko kuma yanayin hasashe.

Idan an gano cewa ɗanka yana da matsalar rashin jin magana, mai ba ka sabis zai iya ba da shawarar magani ko tiyata, gwargwadon dalilin asarar.

Idan an gano ɗanka yana fama da matsalar rashin ji, sakamakonka na iya nuna cewa rashin ji shine:

• Ildan laushi: yaro ba zai iya jin wasu sauti ba, kamar sautunan da suka yi yawa ko ƙasa da ƙasa.
• Matsakaici: yaronka ba zai iya jin sautuka da yawa ba, kamar magana a cikin hayaniya.
• Mai tsananin: yaronka ba zai iya jin yawancin sauti ba.
• Mai zurfin bayani: yaronka ba zai iya jin kowane sauti ba.

Jiyya da kulawa da rashin ji na ji da gani zai dogara ne da shekaru da kuma yadda mahimmancinsa yake. Idan kana da tambayoyi game da sakamakon, yi magana da mai ba da kula da lafiyar ɗanka.

Shin akwai wani abin da nake bukatar sani game da gwajin ji?

Akwai hanyoyi da yawa don sarrafa matsalar rashin ji. Ko da kuwa rashin jin ya dore, akwai hanyoyin da za ka bi da yanayinka. Zaɓuɓɓukan magani sun haɗa da:

• Na'urar taimaka wa ji. Na’urar sauraren sauti wata na’ura ce da ake sawa a baya ko a cikin kunne. Abun ji a kunne yana kara sauti (yana kara da karfi). Wasu kayan aikin ji suna da ingantattun ayyuka. Masanin ilimin likitan ku na iya ba da shawarar mafi kyawun zaɓi a gare ku.
• Gwanon Cochlear. Wannan na'urar da aka dasa ta hanyar tiyata a cikin kunne. Yawanci ana amfani da shi ne ga mutanen da ke fama da raunin ji sosai kuma waɗanda ba sa samun fa'ida da yawa daga amfani da na'urar sauraro. Gwanon Cochlear yana aika sauti kai tsaye zuwa jijiyar ji.
• Tiyata. Wasu nau'ikan rashin jin magana ana iya magance su tare da tiyata. Waɗannan sun haɗa da matsaloli tare da kunne ko ƙananan ƙashi a cikin kunne.

Bugu da kari, kuna so ku:

• Yi aiki tare da masu ba da kiwon lafiya waɗanda zasu iya taimaka muku da yaronku don sadarwa. Waɗannan na iya haɗawa da masu ba da ilimin magana da / ko ƙwararru waɗanda ke ba da horo a cikin yaren kurame, karatun leɓe, ko wasu nau'ikan hanyoyin yare.
• Shiga kungiyoyin tallafi
• Tsara balaguro na yau da kullun tare da masanin jiwuwa da / ko masanin ilimin likitanci (kunne, hanci, da makogwaron likita)

Bayani

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Ba za a yi amfani da bayanan da ke wannan rukunin yanar gizon a madadin madadin ƙwararrun likitocin ko shawara ba. Tuntuɓi mai ba da kiwon lafiya idan kuna da tambayoyi game da lafiyarku.