Mawallafi: Christy White
Ranar Halitta: 10 Yiwu 2021
Sabuntawa: 17 Nuwamba 2024
Anonim
Hepatitis B and hepatitis D virus- causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, pathology
Video: Hepatitis B and hepatitis D virus- causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, pathology

Wadatacce

Hepatitis B cuta ce mai saurin yaduwa wacce kwayar cutar hepatitis B ke haifarwa, ko HBV, wanda ke haifar da sauyi a cikin hanta kuma yana iya haifar da bayyanar alamomi da alamomi, kamar zazzaɓi, jiri, amai, da idanun rawaya da fata. Idan ba a gano cutar ba kuma ba a kula da ita ba, zai iya ci gaba zuwa lokaci mai tsawo, wanda zai iya zama asymptomatic ko kuma ya kasance yana da mummunan rauni na hanta, ci gaba zuwa cirrhosis tare da aikin da aka canza.

Cutar hepatitis B ana daukarta a matsayin Cutar Saduwa da Jima'i (STI), tunda ana iya samun kwayar cutar a cikin jini, maniyyi da kuma ɓoyewar farji, kuma za a iya watsa shi cikin sauƙi ga wani mutum yayin jima'in da ba shi da kariya (ba tare da robar roba ba). Don haka, yana yiwuwa a guji yaduwa ta hanyar amfani da kwaroron roba da allurar rigakafi. Koyi yadda zaka kiyaye kanka daga cutar Hepatitis B

Maganin hepatitis B ya banbanta gwargwadon matakin cutar, tare da bayar da shawarar hanta mai kauri don hutawa, shayarwa da kula da abinci, yayin da a cikin cutar hepatitis na yau da kullun ana yin shi ne da magungunan da likitan hanta, mai ba da magani ko kuma babban likita.


Maganin Cutar Hepatitis B

Ana iya samun kwayar cutar hepatitis B galibi a cikin jini, maniyyi, ɓoyewar farji da nono. Ta wannan hanyar, watsawa na iya faruwa ta hanyar:

  • Kai tsaye mu'amala da jini da sirrin mai cutar;
  • Jima'i mara kariya, wato, ba tare da robar roba ba;
  • Amfani da wani abu da ya gurɓata da jini ko ɓoye kamar sirinji da aka yi amfani da shi sosai idan aka yi amfani da ƙwayoyi da ake amfani da su kai tsaye zuwa jijiya, allurai da sauran kayan aikin da ake amfani da su don yin zane-zane ko acupuncture, da kuma abubuwan da ake amfani da su don huji;
  • Raba abubuwa masu tsabta na mutum kamar reza ko aski da farce ko kayan aikin farce;
  • Yayin haihuwa ko haihuwa, kodayake ba kasafai ake samun sa ba.

Kodayake ana iya daukar kwayar cutar ta hanyar yau, amma kwayar cutar B ba a yaduwa ta hanyar sumbatar ko raba kayan yanka ko tabarau, saboda dole ne a sami rauni a bakin.


Yadda ake ganewar asali

Ganewar cutar hepatitis B ana yin ta ne ta hanyar gudanar da gwajin jini don gano kasancewar HBV a cikin yaduwar, da kuma yawanta, kuma wadannan bayanan suna da mahimmanci ga likita don nuna maganin.

Bugu da kari, ana iya nuna gwajin jini don kimanta aikin hanta, ana neman sashi na Glutamic Oxalacetic Transaminase (TGO / AST - Aspartate aminotransferase), Glutamic Pyruvic Transaminase (TGP / ALT - Alanine Aminotransferase), Gamma-glutamyltransferase (gamma -GT) da bilirubin, misali. Learnara koyo game da waɗannan da sauran gwaje-gwaje waɗanda ke tantance hanta.

Don gano kasancewar kwayar a cikin jini, ana bincika ko babu antigens (Ag) da antibodies (anti) a cikin jini, tare da yiwuwar sakamako shine:

  • HBsAg mai amsawa ko tabbatacce: kamuwa da cuta tare da kwayar hepatitis B;
  • HBeAg reagent: babban mataki na kwayar cutar hepatitis B, wanda ke nufin cewa barazanar yaduwar kwayar cutar ta fi girma;
  • Anti-Hbs reagent: warkarwa ko rigakafin cutar idan an yiwa mutum rigakafin cutar hepatitis B;
  • Anti-Hbc reagent: wanda ya gabata ga kwayar hepatitis B.

Hakanan za'a iya amfani da biopsy na hanta don taimakawa cikin ganewar asali, tantance cutar rashin hanta, hango ci gaban cutar da buƙatar magani.


Allurar rigakafin Hepatitis B

Alurar rigakafin hepatitis B ita ce hanya mafi inganci don rigakafin cutar kuma, saboda haka, ya kamata a sha ba da daɗewa ba bayan haihuwa, har zuwa awanni 12 na farko bayan haihuwar, a cikin watan 2 da watan 6 na rayuwar jariri, yana yin jimillar 3 allurai

Manya waɗanda ba a yi musu allurar rigakafi ba tun suna yara suna iya samun allurar, gami da mata masu juna biyu daga watanni uku na ciki. A cikin manya, ana kuma yin allurar rigakafin cutar hanta a cikin allurai 3, na farko za a iya ɗauka idan ya cancanta, na biyu bayan kwana 30 da na uku bayan kwanaki 180 na farko. San lokacin da aka nuna shi da yadda ake samun rigakafin hepatitis B

Gwajin da ke nuna tasirin allurar rigakafin cutar hepatitis B shine Anti-hbs da ke tabbatuwa yayin da allurar za ta iya kunna kariya daga kwayar.

Hepatitis B na da magani?

Cutar hepatitis B mai girma tana da magani ba tare da bata lokaci ba, a mafi yawan lokuta, saboda jiki da kanta ke ƙirƙirar ƙwayoyin cuta don kawar da kwayar. Koyaya, a wasu lokuta, hepatitis B na iya zama mai saurin zama kuma kwayar cutar ta kasance cikin jiki har tsawon rai.

A cikin cutar hepatitis B mai yawan gaske akwai babban haɗarin kamuwa da cututtukan hanta masu haɗari, irin su hanta cirrhosis, gazawar hanta da kuma ciwon hanta, wanda zai iya haifar da lalacewar da ba za a iya kawar da ita ba ga hanta, don haka a cikin waɗannan yanayin, marasa lafiya ya kamata su bi maganin da likita ya nuna.

Koyaya, tare da magani mutum na iya zama mai ɗauke da lafiya mai ɗorewa, ma’ana, zai iya ƙunsar ƙwayoyin cuta a cikin jiki, amma ba shi da wata cutar hanta mai aiki, kuma a wannan yanayin, ba lallai ne ya sha takamaiman magunguna ba. Bugu da kari, marasa lafiya masu cutar hepatitis B na iya warkewa bayan an kwashe shekaru da yawa ana jinya.

Babban bayyanar cututtuka

Lokacin shiryawa na cutar hepatitis B shine watanni 2 zuwa 6, don haka alamu da alamomi na babban ciwon hanta na B na iya bayyana bayan watanni 1 zuwa 3 na gurɓatawa. Alamomin farko da alamomin cutar hanta sun hada da:

  • Ciwon motsi;
  • Amai;
  • Gajiya;
  • Feverananan zazzabi;
  • Rashin ci;
  • Ciwon ciki;
  • Jin zafi a cikin haɗin gwiwa da tsokoki.

Kwayar cutar kamar launin rawaya a cikin fata da idanu, fitsari mai duhu da kujerun haske suna nufin cewa cutar tana bunkasa kuma akwai cutar hanta. A cikin cututtukan hepatitis B na yau da kullun, yawancin marasa lafiya ba sa nuna wata alama, amma kwayar cutar ta kasance cikin jiki kuma ana iya ɗaukar ta ta wannan hanyar.

Yadda za a bi da

Jiyya ga mai saurin ciwon hanta na B ya haɗa da hutawa, cin abinci, ƙoshin ruwa da rashin giya. Idan ya cancanta, mutum na iya shan magunguna don sauƙaƙe alamomin kamar zazzaɓi, tsoka da ciwon kai, tashin zuciya da amai.

Jiyya don cutar hepatitis B mai ɗorewa, ban da rashin shan giya da abinci mai ƙarancin mai, ya haɗa da ƙwayoyin rigakafin ƙwayoyin cuta da na rigakafi irin su Interferon da Lamivudine don hana ɓarkewar hanta da ba za a iya magance ta ba, wanda za a iya ɗauka tsawon rai.

Duk da haka, idan aka tabbatar da shi ta hanyar gwajin jini cewa mutumin da ke fama da cutar hepatitis B mai cutar hepatitis B ba shi da cutar hanta, ba ya bukatar shan wani magani, shi ya sa mutanen da ke fama da cutar hepatitis B ke bukatar yin gwajin jini akai-akai. Nemi karin bayani game da magani na hepatitis B

Kalli bidiyo mai zuwa kan yadda ake cin abinci idan aka sami cutar hanta ta hanta don guje wa ƙarin rikitarwa a cikin hanta:

Sigogin rigakafi

Za a iya yin rigakafin cutar hepatitis B ta cikin allurai 3 na allurar rigakafin da kuma amfani da kwaroron roba a cikin duk jima'i. Amfani da kwaroron roba yana da matukar mahimmanci saboda akwai ƙwayoyin cuta daban-daban na hepatitis kuma mai haƙuri da aka yiwa rigakafin hepatitis B na iya samun hepatitis C.

Bugu da kari, yana da mahimmanci kada a raba abubuwan sirri, kamar su buroshin hakori, reza ko reza aski, da kayan aikin farce ko na farce, da sirinji ko wasu kayan kaifi. Idan mutum yana so a yi masa zane, huda ko acupuncture, a tabbata cewa an lalata kayan.

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