Menene hypoxia, menene ke haifar da magani

Wadatacce

• Babban bayyanar cututtuka
• Abin da ke haifar da hypoxia
• Menene iri
• Yadda ake yin maganin
• Yiwuwar sakamako
• Bambancin hypoxia da hypoxemia

Hypoxia wani yanayi ne da ke faruwa lokacin da iskar oxygen da aka kai cikin kayan cikin jiki bai isa ba, yana haifar da alamomi kamar ciwon kai, bacci, zufa mai sanyi, yatsun hannu da bakinsu da ma suma. Wannan canjin na iya faruwa saboda cututtukan zuciya, kamar cututtukan zuciya na zuciya, cututtukan huhu, irin su asma da ɓacin rai na huhu, amma kuma yana iya tashi saboda ƙarancin jini da hawa sama.

Maganin hypoxia ya dogara da dalili, tsanani da yanayin lafiyar mutum, duk da haka, a mafi yawan lokuta, ya ƙunshi gudanarwar iskar oxygen ta hanyar masks ko ta hanyar intubation na orotracheal. Wannan halin na iya haifar da daɗaɗa jiki, don haka lokacin da alamomi suka bayyana, ana ba da shawarar kiran motar gaggawa ta SAMU a 192 kai tsaye.

Babban bayyanar cututtuka

Kwayar cututtukan hypoxia sun banbanta daga mutum ɗaya zuwa wani, saboda ya dogara da tsananin rashin isashshen oxygen a cikin kayan jikin, amma suna iya zama:

• Ciwon kai;
• Rashin hankali;
• Rateara yawan bugun zuciya;
• Gumi mai sanyi;
• Ofarancin numfashi;
• Rashin hankali;
• Rikicewar hankali;
• Sumewa;
• Tsabtace yatsu da baki, wanda ake kira cyanosis;

Cyanosis yana tasowa saboda jijiyoyin jini a iyakokin jikin sun takura don aika ƙarin jini da ƙarin oxygen zuwa ga manyan gabobin jiki kuma saboda haka, ƙaruwar hawan jini shima yana faruwa. Ara koyo game da cyanosis da yadda ake rarraba shi.

Duk da haka, yayin da hypoxia ke kara tabarbarewa, karfin jini ya ragu kuma mutum na iya rasa hankali, don haka lokacin da alamomin farko suka bayyana, ya zama dole a kira motar daukar marasa lafiya ta SAMU a 192, nan da nan, don a yi aikin likita na gaggawa.

Abin da ke haifar da hypoxia

Hypoxia na faruwa ne lokacin da adadin oksijin da ke cikin kyallen takarda bai isa ba kuma wannan na iya faruwa ta dalilai da yawa, kamar gazawar numfashi, asma, emphysema na huhu, ciwon huhu na huhu da ciwon huhu, saboda suna haifar da shigar oxygen cikin huhu cikin huhu . Wasu canje-canje na jijiyoyin jiki da ke haifar da rauni ta kai na iya haifar da hypoxia, saboda yana lalata ayyukan numfashi.

Hemoglobin, wanda yake cikin jini, shine ke da alhakin jigilar iskar oxygen zuwa gabobin jiki kuma yana da karancin mutanen da ke da karancin jini, wanda zai iya haifar da hypoxia a cikin kayan jikin, koda kuwa an kiyaye numfashi. Wani dalilin hypoxia na iya zama maye ta hanyar samfura kamar su cyanide, carbon dioxide da magungunan psychoactive.

Inari ga haka, wasu cututtukan zuciya, irin su ciwon zuciya na rashin ƙarfi, suna lalata zagawar jini ta hana hana iskar oxygen zuwa jikin jikin mutum. A wurare masu tsayi ko zurfi, yawan iskar oksijin yana da ƙasa ƙwarai, don haka idan mutum yana waɗannan wuraren, zai iya kuma fama da cutar hypoxia.

Menene iri

Nau'in hypoxia suna da alaƙa da dalilin rashin oxygen a cikin jiki, wanda zai iya zama:

• Numfashi hypoxia: sakamako daga raguwar wadataccen iskar oxygen zuwa huhu, sanadiyyar rashi ko rage numfashi, ko dai saboda wata cuta ko kuma saboda toshewar iska;
• Anemic hypoxia: yana faruwa ne lokacin da yawan haemoglobin a cikin jini yayi ƙasa ƙwarai, wanda ke haifar da raguwar iskar oksijin da ake jigilarsa a cikin jini;
• Rikicin hypoxia: yana faruwa ne a cikin yanayi wanda zubar jini yana haifar da musanyar gas a cikin huhu don kada ayi shi daidai, kamar rashin ƙarfin zuciya;
• Hypoxia na takamaiman gabobin: yana faruwa ne yayin da jijiyoyin wasu sassan jikin suka toshe, suna hana shigarwar jini da rage adadin iskar oxygen a yankin, sakamakon haifar da atherosclerosis, misali.

Akwai kuma wani nau'in hypoxia da ke da alaƙa da nakasawar zuciya, kamar Fallot's tetralogy, wanda ke sa lalatattun jijiyoyin ba su iya ɗaukar oxygen zuwa muhimman gabobin jiki, kamar kwakwalwa, misali. Duba ƙarin yadda ake yin tetralogy na Fallot.

Yadda ake yin maganin

Maganin hypoxia ya dogara ne akan gudanar da iskar oxygen ta hanyar masks, catheters na hanci ko tantunan oxygen, halaye na samun iska mara haɗari. Koyaya, a cikin mawuyacin yanayi, ana ba da shawarar a saka bututu ta bakin don isar da iskar oxygen kai tsaye zuwa huhu, wanda aka sani da intubation na orotracheal.

Idan karancin jini ya haifar da hypoxia, gudanar da iskar oxygen ba zai sami sakamako mai gamsarwa ba, domin ko da yawan oksijin da ke cikin jiki ya karu, akwai karancin sinadarin hemoglobins, ba tare da samun damar fitar da iskar oxygen duk kwayoyin ba, don haka ya zama dole yi karin jini don isar da karin haemoglobin zuwa cikin jini. Ara koyo game da yadda ake yin ƙarin jini.

Hakanan, lokacin da cutar zuciya mai tsanani ta haifar da hypoxia, zagawar jini ya kasa kuma tabbatar da numfashi bai wadatar ba, ya zama dole a fara gyara matsaloli da farko, kamar tiyata, misali.

Yiwuwar sakamako

Hypoxia na iya haifar da daɗaɗawa ga jiki kuma ya dogara da lokacin da mutum ya kasance ba tare da numfashi ba da kuma lokacin da jiki ba shi da adadin oxygen da ake buƙata don kula da muhimman ayyukanta. Canje-canje a cikin tsarin juyayi na tsakiya suna wakiltar babban sakamakon hypoxia, wanda ke haifar da raunin motsi na jiki da nakasa ayyuka kamar tafiya, magana, cin abinci da gani.

A wasu lokuta, idan hypoxia yayi tsanani sosai kuma mutum baya iya numfashi shi kadai, ya zama dole ayi intubation, ma'ana, dole ne a gabatar da na'urori don taimakawa aikin numfashi, kuma galibi, likita na nuna coma ta jawo. Bincika abin da ke tattare da coma da sauran alamomi.

Bambancin hypoxia da hypoxemia

Wani lokaci hypoxia yana rikicewa da kalmar hypoxemia, kodayake, suna nufin yanayi daban-daban. Hypoxemia an bayyana shi azaman ƙananan ƙwayoyin oxygen a cikin jini, ma'ana, lokacin da iskar oxygen, wanda aka auna ta bugun jini, yana da ƙananan ƙimar 90%, hypoxia yana nuna matsayin rage oxygenation a cikin ƙwayoyin jiki . Yawancin lokaci, alamun suna kama da juna, saboda hypoxia na iya faruwa sakamakon hypoxemia.