Karyotype Gwajin Halitta

Wadatacce

• Menene gwajin karyotype?
• Me ake amfani da shi?
• Me yasa nake buƙatar gwajin karyotype?
• Menene ya faru yayin gwajin karyotype?
• Shin zan bukaci yin komai don shirya wa gwajin?
• Shin akwai haɗari ga gwajin?
• Menene sakamakon yake nufi?
• Shin akwai wani abin da nake buƙatar sani game da gwajin karyotype?
• Bayani

Menene gwajin karyotype?

Gwajin karyotype yana kallon girman, fasali, da lambar ku na chromosomes. Chromosomes sune sassan ƙwayoyinku waɗanda suka ƙunshi ƙwayoyinku. Kwayar halitta sassan DNA ne da aka ratsa daga uwa da uba. Suna ɗauke da bayanan da ke tantance halaye na musamman, kamar su tsayi da launin ido.

Kullum mutane suna da chromosomes 46, sun kasu kashi 23, a kowace kwaya. Ofaya daga cikin kowane chromosomes sun fito ne daga mahaifinka, ɗayan kuma daga mahaifinka ne.

Idan kana da chromosomes da suka fi 46 yawa, ko kuma idan akwai wani abu da ba a saba da shi ba game da girma ko sifar kromosom dinka, yana iya nufin kana da cutar kwayar halitta. Gwajin karyotype galibi ana amfani dashi don taimakawa gano lahani na kwayoyin halitta a cikin jariri mai tasowa.

Sauran sunaye: gwajin kwayar halitta, gwajin chromosome, nazarin chromosome, nazarin cytogenetic

Me ake amfani da shi?

Ana iya amfani da gwajin karyotype don:

• Bincika jaririn da ba a haifa ba don cututtukan kwayoyin halitta
• Binciko cututtukan ƙwayar cuta a cikin jariri ko ƙaramin yaro
• Bincika idan cutar chromosomal ce ke hana mace daukar ciki ko kuma yana haifar da zubar ciki
• Bincika jaririn da aka haifa (jaririn da ya mutu a ƙarshen ciki ko lokacin haihuwa) don ganin idan lahani na chromosomal shine dalilin mutuwar
• Duba ko kuna da cutar ƙwayar cuta da za a iya rarraba wa 'ya'yanku
• Binciko ko yin shirin magani don wasu nau'ikan cutar kansa da cuta ta jini

Me yasa nake buƙatar gwajin karyotype?

Idan kun kasance masu ciki, kuna so ku sami gwajin karyotype ga jaririn da ke cikin ku idan kuna da wasu dalilai masu haɗari. Wadannan sun hada da:

• Shekarunka. Hatsarin gabaɗaya na cututtukan haihuwa ba shi da yawa, amma haɗarin ya fi girma ga matan da ke da yara tun suna da shekara 35 ko sama da haka.
• Tarihin iyali. Haɗarin ku yana ƙaruwa idan ku, abokin tarayyar ku, da / ko ɗayan yaran ku na da matsalar ƙwayar cuta.

Yaranku ko ƙanananku na iya buƙatar gwaji idan yana da alamun rashin lafiyar kwayar halitta. Akwai nau'o'in cututtukan kwayoyin halitta, kowannensu yana da alamomi daban-daban. Ku da mai kula da lafiyar ku na iya magana game da ko an ba da shawarar yin gwaji.

Idan ke mace ce, kuna iya buƙatar gwajin karyotype idan kun sami matsala yin ciki ko kuma an sami ɓarin ciki da yawa. Yayinda zubar ciki daya ba bakon abu bane, idan ka sha da yawa, yana iya zama saboda matsalar chromosomal.

Hakanan zaka iya buƙatar gwajin karyotype idan kana da alamun bayyanar ko an gano ka game da cutar sankarar bargo, lymphoma, ko myeloma, ko wani nau'in cutar anemia. Wadannan rikice-rikicen na iya haifar da canjin chromosomal. Samun waɗannan canje-canjen na iya taimaka wa mai ba ku damar gano asali, sa ido, da / ko magance cutar.

Menene ya faru yayin gwajin karyotype?

Don gwajin karyotype, mai ba da sabis ɗin zai buƙaci ɗaukar ƙwayoyinku. Hanyoyi mafi mahimmanci don samun samfuri sun haɗa da:

• Gwajin jini. Don wannan gwajin, kwararren mai kula da lafiya zai dauki samfurin jini daga jijiyar hannunka, ta amfani da karamin allura. Bayan an saka allurar, za a tara karamin jini a cikin bututun gwaji ko kwalba. Kuna iya jin ɗan kaɗan lokacin da allurar ta shiga ko fita. Wannan yawanci yakan dauki kasa da minti biyar.
• Gwajin gwaji tare da amniocentesis ko samfurin kwaya (CVS). Chorionic villi ƙananan ci gaban da aka samu a cikin mahaifa.

Don amniocentesis:

• Za ku kwanta a bayanku a kan teburin jarabawa.
• Mai ba da sabis ɗinku zai matsar da na'urar duban dan tayi ta cikin ku. Duban dan tayi yana amfani da raƙuman ruwa don bincika matsayin mahaifa, mahaifa, da jariri.
• Mai ba da sabis ɗinku zai shigar da ƙaramin allura a cikin cikinku kuma zai janye ƙaramin ruwan amniotic.

Amniocentesis yawanci ana yin shi tsakanin mako 15 zuwa 20 na ciki.

Don CVS:

• Za ku kwanta a bayanku a kan teburin jarabawa.
• Mai ba da sabis ɗinku zai matsar da na’urar duban dan tayi a kan cikin ku don duba matsayin mahaifar ku, mahaifar ku, da kuma jaririn ku.
• Mai ba da sabis ɗinku zai tara ƙwayoyin halitta daga mahaifa ta ɗayan hanyoyi biyu: ko dai ta cikin mahaifar mahaifinka ta wani bakin ciki da ake kira catheter, ko kuma da wata allura ta bakin ciki.

CVS yawanci ana yin shi tsakanin mako 10 da 13 na ciki.

Burin Kashin Kashi da Biopsy. Idan ana gwada ku ko magani don wani nau'in ciwon daji ko rashin lafiyar jini, mai ba ku sabis na iya buƙatar ɗaukar samfurin kashin ku. Don wannan gwajin:

• Za ku kwanta a gefenku ko cikinku, ya danganta da wane ƙashi za a yi amfani da shi don gwaji. Yawancin gwaje-gwajen kasusuwa ana ɗauke su daga ƙashin ƙugu.
• Za a tsabtace shafin tare da maganin kashe kwayoyin cuta.
• Za a yi muku allurar maganin narkar da numba.
• Da zarar yankin ya dushe, mai ba da kiwon lafiya zai ɗauki samfurin.
• Don fatawar kashin kashi, wanda yawanci ake fara aiwatarwa, mai ba da kiwon lafiya zai saka allura ta cikin ƙashi kuma ya fitar da ruwa da ƙwayoyin halitta. Kuna iya jin zafi mai kaifi amma a taƙaice lokacin da aka saka allurar.
• Don binciken kwayar halitta, kashin lafiya, mai ba da kiwon lafiya zai yi amfani da wani kayan aiki na musamman wanda zai murda cikin kashin don fitar da samfurin kashin kashin. Kuna iya jin danniya akan shafin yayin ɗaukar samfurin.

Shin zan bukaci yin komai don shirya wa gwajin?

Ba kwa buƙatar kowane shiri na musamman don gwajin karyotype.

Shin akwai haɗari ga gwajin?

Akwai haɗari kaɗan don yin gwajin jini. Kuna iya samun ɗan ciwo ko rauni a wurin da aka sanya allurar, amma yawancin alamun suna tafi da sauri.

Amniocentesis da CVS gwaje-gwaje yawanci hanyoyin amintattu ne, amma suna da riskan haɗarin haifar da ɓarin ciki. Yi magana da mai baka kiwon lafiya game da haɗari da fa'idar waɗannan gwaje-gwajen.

Bayan burin ɓacin rai da gwajin biopsy, ƙila za ka ji daci ko ciwo a wurin allurar. Wannan yawanci yakan shuɗe cikin daysan kwanaki. Mai ba da sabis na kiwon lafiya na iya bayar da shawarar ko kuma ba da umarnin rage zafi don taimakawa.

Menene sakamakon yake nufi?

Idan sakamakonku bai zama na al'ada ba (ba al'ada bane), yana nufin ku ko yaranku suna da ƙari ko ƙasa da 46 na chromosomes, ko kuma akwai wani abu da ba daidai ba game da girma, sifa, ko tsarin ɗayanku ko fiye. Cosomomin da ba na al'ada ba na iya haifar da matsaloli iri-iri na lafiya. Alamomin cutar da tsananin sun dogara da abin da chromosomes ya shafa.

Wasu rikicewar da lahani na chromosomal ya haifar sun haɗa da:

• Down ciwo, cuta da ke haifar da ƙarancin hankali da jinkirin haɓaka
• Ciwon Edwards, cuta da ke haifar da matsaloli masu tsanani a cikin zuciya, huhu, da koda
• Ciwon Turner, cuta a cikin 'yan mata da ke shafar ci gaban halayen mata

Idan an gwada ku saboda kuna da wani nau'in ciwon daji ko rashin lafiyar jini, sakamakonku na iya nuna ko yanayinku ya faru ne da lahani na chromosomal. Wadannan sakamakon zasu iya taimakawa mai ba da lafiyar ku don yin mafi kyawun shirin magani a gare ku.

Learnara koyo game da gwaje-gwajen gwaje-gwaje, jeri na tunani, da fahimtar sakamako.

Shin akwai wani abin da nake buƙatar sani game da gwajin karyotype?

Idan kuna tunanin yin gwaji ko kuma kun sami sakamako mara kyau akan gwajin karyotype ɗinku, yana iya taimaka kuyi magana da mai ba da shawara kan kwayoyin halitta.Mai ba da shawara kan kwayar halitta kwararren kwararren masani ne a fannin ilimin kwayoyin halitta da gwajin kwayoyin halitta. Shi ko ita na iya bayyana abin da sakamakon ku ke nufi, ya umurce ku da tallafawa ayyukan, kuma su taimaka muku yanke shawara game da lafiyar ku ko lafiyar ɗan ku.

Bayani

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Ba za a yi amfani da bayanan da ke wannan rukunin yanar gizon a madadin madadin ƙwararrun likitocin ko shawara ba. Tuntuɓi mai ba da kiwon lafiya idan kuna da tambayoyi game da lafiyarku.