COPD Rayuwa da Rayuwa

Wadatacce

• Tsarin zinariya
• Alamar BODE
• Yawan jiki
• Toshewar iska
• Dyspnea
• Motsa jiki
• Gwajin jini na yau da kullun
• Yawan mace-mace
• Kammalawa

Bayani

Miliyoyin manya a Amurka suna da cututtukan huhu da ke ci gaba (COPD), kuma kamar yadda yawancinsu ke ci gaba. Amma da yawa daga cikinsu ba su da masaniya, a cewar.

Tambaya daya da yawancin mutane masu cutar COPD ke da ita ita ce, "Har yaushe zan iya rayuwa tare da COPD?" Babu wata hanyar da za a yi hasashen ainihin yanayin rayuwar, amma samun wannan cutar ta huhu na iya rage tsawon rai.

Yaya yawancin ya dogara da cikakkiyar lafiyar ku kuma kuna da wasu cututtuka kamar cututtukan zuciya ko ciwon sukari.

Tsarin zinariya

Masu bincike a tsawon shekaru sun fito da wata hanya don tantance lafiyar wani da ke da COPD. Ofayan mafi yawan hanyoyin yanzu suna haɗuwa da sakamakon gwajin huhu na spirometry huhu tare da alamun mutum. Wadannan suna haifar da alamomin da zasu iya taimakawa hango hangen nesa na rayuwa da kuma jagorancin zaɓin magani a cikin waɗanda ke tare da COPD.

Initiaddamarwar Duniya don Ciwon Cutar Tashin Hankali (GOLD) ɗayan ɗayan hanyoyin da aka yi amfani da su sosai wajen rarraba COPD. GOLD rukuni ne na ƙwararrun masana lafiyar huhu waɗanda ke tsarawa da sabunta ka'idoji lokaci-lokaci don likitoci don amfani da su wajen kula da masu cutar COPD.

Doctors sunyi amfani da tsarin GOLD don tantance mutane tare da COPD a cikin "maki" na cutar. Grading wata hanya ce ta auna tsananin yanayin. Tana amfani ne da karfin karewa (FEV1), gwajin da ke tantance yawan iskar da mutum zai iya fitar da karfi da karfi daga huhunsa a cikin dakika daya, don rarrabe tsananin COPD.

Sharuɗɗan kwanan nan sun sanya FEV1 ɓangare na kima. Dangane da ƙimar FEV1 ɗin ku, kun karɓi GOLD aji ko mataki kamar haka:

• ZINARIYA 1: FEV1 na kashi 80 an annabta ko fiye
• ZINARIYA 2: FEV1 na 50 zuwa 79 cikin ɗari sun annabta
• ZINA 3: FEV1 na kashi 30 zuwa 49 cikin ɗari ne suka annabta
• ZINARIYA 4: FEV1 na ƙasa da kashi 30 cikin ɗari

Kashi na biyu na kimantawar ya dogara ne da alamun bayyanar cututtuka irin su dyspnea, ko wahalar numfashi, da digiri da yawan munanan abubuwan da ke faruwa, waxanda suke da saurin tashin hankali wanda na iya bukatar asibiti.

Dangane da waɗannan ƙa'idodin, mutanen da ke da COPD za su kasance cikin ɗayan rukuni huɗu: A, B, C, ko D.

Wani wanda ba tare da damuwa ba ko wanda bai buƙatar shigar da asibiti a cikin shekarar da ta gabata ba zai kasance cikin rukunin A ko B. Wannan kuma zai dogara ne da ƙididdigar alamun alamun numfashi. Waɗanda ke da ƙarin alamun cutar za su kasance a rukunin B, kuma waɗanda ke da ƙananan alamun za su kasance cikin rukunin A.

Mutanen da ke da aƙalla ɓarna ɗaya da ke buƙatar asibiti, ko kuma aƙalla abubuwa biyu da suka yi ko ba sa buƙatar shigar da asibiti a cikin shekarar da ta gabata, za su kasance a rukunin C ko D. Sannan, waɗanda ke da alamun rashin numfashi za su kasance cikin rukunin D, kuma waɗanda ke da ƙananan alamun cutar za su kasance cikin rukunin C.

A karkashin sabbin jagororin, wani da aka yiwa lakabi da GOLD Grade 4, Rukunin D, zai sami raunin COPD mafi tsanani. Kuma a zahiri zasu samu gajarta na rayuwa fiye da wani mai tambarin GOLD Grade 1, Rukunin A.

Alamar BODE

Wani ma'aunin da ke amfani da fiye da kawai FEV1 don auna yanayin COPD na mutum da hangen nesa shine ƙididdigar BODE. BODE na nufin:

• nauyin jiki
• toshewar iska
• dyspnea
• motsa jiki iya aiki

BODE yana ɗaukar hoto gabaɗaya na yadda COPD ke shafar rayuwar ku. Kodayake wasu likitocin suna amfani da bayanan BODE, ƙimarsa na iya raguwa yayin da masu bincike ke koyo game da cutar.

Yawan jiki

Matsakaicin girman jiki (BMI), wanda ke duban nauyin jiki bisa dogaro da sigogin nauyi, na iya tantance ko mutum ya yi kiba ko ya yi kiba. BMI na iya tantancewa ma idan wani na bakin ciki ne. Mutanen da ke da cutar COPD kuma suke da sirara sosai suna iya samun hangen nesa mara kyau.

Toshewar iska

Wannan yana nufin FEV1, kamar yadda yake a cikin tsarin GOLD.

Dyspnea

Wasu karatun da suka gabata sun ba da shawarar cewa matsalar numfashi na iya shafar hangen nesa ga COPD.

Motsa jiki

Wannan yana nufin yadda za ku iya jure wa motsa jiki. Ana yawan auna shi da gwajin da ake kira "gwajin tafiyar minti 6."

Gwajin jini na yau da kullun

Ofaya daga cikin mahimman abubuwan COPD shine kumburi na tsarin. Gwajin jini wanda ke bincika wasu alamomin ƙonewa na iya zama mai taimako.

Binciken da aka buga a cikin International Journal of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ya nuna cewa rawanin kwayar halitta-zuwa-lymphocyte (NLR) da haɓakar eosinophil-to-basophil suna da alaƙa da mahimmancin COPD.

Labarin da ke sama yana nuna gwajin jini na yau da kullun na iya auna waɗannan alamomin a cikin waɗanda ke tare da COPD. Hakanan ya lura cewa NLR na iya zama mai taimako musamman a matsayin mai hangen nesa game da rayuwar rai.

Yawan mace-mace

Kamar yadda yake tare da kowace cuta mai tsanani, kamar COPD ko kansar, tsawon rai mai yiwuwa ne ya dogara da tsananin cutar ko kuma matakin cutar.

Misali, a cikin wani binciken da aka buga a shekara ta 2009 a cikin International Journal of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, wani mutum mai shekaru 65 mai cutar COPD wanda a halin yanzu yake shan taba sigari yana da raguwa masu zuwa a rayuwa, gwargwadon matakin COPD:

• mataki 1: 0.3 shekaru
• mataki 2: 2.2 shekaru
• mataki na 3 ko 4: 5.8 shekaru

Har ila yau labarin ya lura cewa ga wannan rukunin, ƙarin shekaru 3.5 kuma an rasa shan sigari idan aka kwatanta da waɗanda ba su taɓa shan taba ba kuma ba su da cutar huhu.

Ga tsoffin masu shan sigari, ragin tsawon rai daga COPD shine:

• mataki 2: 1.4 shekaru
• mataki na 3 ko 4: 5.6 shekaru

Har ila yau labarin ya lura cewa ga wannan rukunin, an sami karin shekaru 0.5 ga shan sigari idan aka kwatanta da wadanda ba su taba shan taba ba kuma ba su da cutar huhu.

Ga wadanda basu taba shan taba ba, raguwar yanayin rayuwa shine:

• mataki 2: 0.7 shekaru
• mataki na 3 ko 4: 1.3 shekaru

Ga tsofaffin masu shan sigari da waɗanda ba su taɓa shan taba ba, bambancin yanayin rayuwa ga mutane a mataki na 0 da mutanen da ke mataki na 1 ba su da muhimmanci, sabanin waɗanda suke shan sigari a yanzu.

Kammalawa

Menene ci gaban wadannan hanyoyin na hango hasashen rayuwa? Arin abin da za ku iya yi don kiyaye ci gaba zuwa babban matakin COPD mafi kyau.

Hanya mafi kyau don rage ci gaban cutar ita ce dakatar da shan sigari idan kun sha sigari. Hakanan, guji shan taba sigari ko wasu abubuwan haushi kamar gurɓatacciyar iska, ƙura, ko sunadarai.

Idan kun kasance mara nauyi, yana da amfani don kiyaye nauyin lafiya tare da abinci mai kyau da dabaru don haɓaka cin abinci, kamar cin ƙananan abinci, abinci mai yawa. Koyon yadda ake inganta numfashi tare da motsa jiki kamar numfashin lebe shima zai taimaka.

Hakanan kuna iya son shiga cikin shirin gyaran huhu.Za ku koya game da motsa jiki, dabarun numfashi, da sauran dabaru don kara girman lafiyar ku.

Kuma yayin da motsa jiki da motsa jiki na iya zama ƙalubale tare da matsalar numfashi, yana ɗaya daga cikin mafi kyawun abin da za ku iya yi don lafiyar huhunku da sauran jikinku.

Yi magana da likitanka game da hanyar aminci don fara motsa jiki. Koyi alamun gargaɗi na matsalolin numfashi da kuma abin da yakamata kuyi idan kun lura da ƙananan tashin hankali. Kuna so ku bi duk wani maganin shan magani na COPD wanda likitanku ya umurce ku.

Da zarar za ku iya yi don inganta lafiyar ku gaba ɗaya, tsawon rayuwar ku na iya zama.

COPD ita ce cuta ta uku da ke haifar da mutuwa a Amurka, a cewar Lungiyar huhu ta Amurka.