Lipidogram (gwajin bayanan lipid): menene shi da abin da yake nunawa

Wadatacce

• 1. LDL cholesterol
• 2. HDL cholesterol
• 3. VLDL cholesterol
• 4. Non-HDL cholesterol
• 5. Yawan cholesterol
• 6. Triglycerides
• Lokacin da aka nuna jarrabawar bayanin furotin
• Abin da za a yi idan aka canza shi

Labaran likitancin shine gwajin dakin gwaje-gwaje da likita ya nema don tabbatar da bayanin sirrin mutum, ma'ana, adadin LDL, HDL, VLDL, triglycerides da duka cholesterol, wanda yayin da suke cikin dabi'un da ba na al'ada ba, suna wakiltar babban haɗari don ci gaba cututtukan zuciya da na jijiyoyin jini, kamar su angina, ciwon zuciya, bugun jini ko thrombosis na jini, misali.

Binciken likitan mai na likitan ne likita ya nema domin gano hatsarin wadannan cututtukan da kuma taimakawa jagorantar kyakkyawar kulawa ga kowane mutum, a matsayin wata hanya ta rigakafin matsalolin lafiya. Don ƙayyade bayanin lipid, ya zama dole a tattara samfurin jini a cikin dakin gwaje-gwaje, wanda za'a iya yin tare ko ba tare da azumi ba. Dole ne likita ya nuna buƙatar azumin awanni 12 bisa ga tarihin lafiyar mutum.

A cikin binciken cikakken bayanin lipid, yana yiwuwa a kiyaye ƙimomin:

1. LDL cholesterol

LDL, ko ƙananan ƙwayar cholesterol, sananne ne da mummunan cholesterol saboda lokacin da yake cikin haɗuwa sosai yana haɗuwa da haɗarin haɗarin cututtukan zuciya da jijiyoyin jini. Koyaya, LDL yana da mahimmanci don aikin jiki yadda yakamata, yayin da yake shiga cikin samuwar yawancin hormones.

Da kyau, matakan LDL cholesterol ya zama ƙasa da 130 mg / dl, duk da haka, ga wasu mutane, tsauraran matakai kamar ƙasa 100, 70 ko 50 mg / dl suna da mahimmanci, dangane da yanayi irin su salon rayuwa, tarihin cututtuka ko kasancewar wasu abubuwan haɗarin zuciya da jijiyoyin jini. Duba ƙarin game da LDL da abin da za a yi don sarrafa shi.

2. HDL cholesterol

HDL, ko babban cholesterol, sanannen sananne ne da kyakkyawan cholesterol kuma yana da mahimmanci a ƙara shi cikin zagayawa, saboda yana wakiltar kariyar zuciya mafi girma. An ba da shawarar cewa ƙimar ta sama da 40 MG ga maza da mata, a matsayin wata hanya don hana haɗarin cututtukan zuciya da jijiyoyin jini kuma, don haka, ana nuna shi don yin motsa jiki da kuma samun abinci mai wadataccen mai da ƙwayoyi, waɗanda ke cikin misali, kifi, man zaitun, kayan lambu da iri.

3. VLDL cholesterol

VLDL nau'in cholesterol ne wanda ke da aikin jigilar triglycerides da cholesterol zuwa kyallen takarda na jiki, kuma yana daga cikin ƙungiyar ba HDL cholesterol ba, saboda haka, ya kamata a kiyaye shi a ƙananan ƙima, kuma ba a ba da shawarar cewa dabi'u sama da 30 mg / dL. Ara koyo game da cutarwar babban VLDL cholesterol.

4. Non-HDL cholesterol

Adadin duka nau'ikan cholesterol ne, banda HDL kuma, kamar LDL cholesterol shi kaɗai, likitoci suna ɗaukar sa a matsayin babban mawuyacin haɗari ga cututtukan zuciya da jijiyoyin jini, kuma ana iya amfani dashi don sa ido da jagorar magani.

Ba cholesterol ba HDL ya kasance a matakan 30 mg / dl sama da abin da ake ganin shine mafi kyau ga LDL, don haka idan matsakaicin ƙimar LDL da aka ba da shawarar mutum ga 130 MG / dl, ba HDL ba ana ɗauke da cholesterol na al'ada idan ya kai 160 MG / dl

5. Yawan cholesterol

Adadin HDL, LDL da VLDL ne, kuma yana da kyau a sami ƙimar da ke ƙasa da 190 mg / dL, tunda lokacin da yayi sama kuma yana ƙara haɗarin cututtuka kamar ciwon zuciya, bugun jini, angina ko pancreatitis, misali . Koyaya, yakamata a tuna cewa idan kyakkyawan cholesterol (HDL) yayi yawa, zai iya ƙara yawan adadin cholesterol, saboda haka yana da mahimmanci koyaushe a kimanta kimar cikakken bayanin lipid.

6. Triglycerides

Har ila yau, an san shi da triglycerides, waɗannan ƙwayoyin kitse sune mahimmin tushen makamashi ga jiki da tsokoki, duk da haka, idan aka ɗaukaka su a cikin jini, zasu iya sauƙaƙe taruwar kitse a cikin jijiyoyin jini da haɓaka cututtukan zuciya da jijiyoyin jini.

Kyakkyawan darajar triglyceride a cikin gwajin furofayil mai ƙarancin ƙasa da 150 mg / dl, kuma mafi girman ƙimarta, mafi girman damar rikitarwa. Baya ga cututtukan zuciya, ƙananan triglycerides masu yawa kuma na iya haifar da pancreatitis.

Ga abin da za a yi don rage triglycerides.

Lokacin da aka nuna jarrabawar bayanin furotin

Gabaɗaya, ana yin maganin lipidogram ne ga manya duk bayan shekaru 5, duk da haka, idan akwai haɗari mafi girma ga cututtukan zuciya ko kuma idan an canza cholesterol a wasu gwaje-gwajen, wannan tazara ya fi guntu.

Kodayake ba a buƙatar wannan gwajin don yara da matasa, ana iya yin shi a kan waɗanda ke da babbar dama ta kamuwa da cututtukan zuciya, kamar waɗanda ke da cututtukan ƙwayoyin cuta na cholesterol, ciwon sukari, hawan jini ko kiba, misali.

Abin da za a yi idan aka canza shi

Lokacin da aka canza bayanan lipid, yana da mahimmanci don aiwatar da magani, wanda likitan ke jagoranta kuma, mafi dacewa, tare da mai ba da abinci mai kulawa. Babban hanyoyin magance waɗannan canje-canje sun haɗa da:

• Canjin abinci: abinci mai yawan mai, kamar su soyayyen abinci ko kayan mai mai ƙyama, da yawan carbohydrates. Koyaya, ba za a taɓa mantawa da cewa abincin dole ne ya daidaita, kuma tare da adadin abinci mai kyau ga kowane mutum, saboda haka ana ba da shawarar bin masanin abinci, don ku san yadda za a zaɓi mafi kyawun abinci kuma a cikin mafi girman adadin ;
• Hanyoyin rayuwa masu kyau: don rage cholesterol mara kyau da kuma kara yawan cholesterol mai kyau, ana bada shawarar yin ayyukan motsa jiki na yau da kullun, aƙalla sau 3 zuwa 6 a mako, tare da matsakaita na motsa jiki na minti 150. Hakanan yana da mahimmanci a daina shan sigari, saboda wannan ɗabi'ar tana tasiri ga digowar kyakkyawan ƙwayar cholesterol;
• Amfani da magunguna: a lokuta da yawa likita zai ba da shawarar amfani da kwayoyi don sarrafa matakan cholesterol da triglyceride, kuma wasu daga cikin manyan sun haɗa da statins don rage cholesterol, kamar simvastatin, atorvastatin ko rosuvastatin, alal misali, ko fibrates don rage triglycerides, kamar Ciprofibrato ko Bezafibrato, misali. San hanyoyin don maganin rage yawan cholesterol.

Bugu da kari, don rage damar kamuwa da cututtukan zuciya, yana da mahimmanci a sarrafa wasu abubuwan da ke tattare da hadari, kamar sarrafa matakan glucose na jini, hawan jini da rage kiba, saboda duk wadannan dalilan suna taimakawa ga samuwar atherosclerosis a cikin jijiyoyin jini da ci gaban cutar.

Duba bidiyo mai zuwa kan yadda ake fahimtar jarabawa da abin da za ayi don kula da matakan cholesterol: