Hanta da Cholesterol: Abin da Ya Kamata Ka sani

Wadatacce

• Matakan lafiya na cholesterol a cikin jiki
• Rikicin aikin hanta
• Cutar hanta mai haɗari
• Ciwan Cirrhosis
• Kwayoyi
• Illar yawan cholesterol
• Yaushe ake ganin likita
• Ganewar asali
• Jiyya
• Yi
  
• Guji
  
• Outlook
• Rigakafin

Gabatarwa da bayyani

Daidaita matakan cholesterol na da muhimmanci wajen kiyaye lafiya. Hanta wani ɓangare ne na wannan ƙoƙarin.

Hanta ita ce babbar glandar a cikin jiki, wanda yake a cikin ɓangaren dama na ciki. Shine babban mai sarrafa kwayoyi da sauran abubuwa na waje. Tana adana glycogen, wanda jiki ke amfani dashi don kuzari. Hakanan yana da mahimmanci wajen narkewar mai, da carbohydrates, da sunadarai. Lafiyayyar hanta tana yin duk wannan ba a lura ba.

Wani muhimmin aiki na hanta shine samarwa da bayyana a cikin jiki. Yawancin hankalin da aka mai da hankali akan cholesterol yana bayanin tasirinsa ga lahanin lafiya. Amma cholesterol ya zama dole don halittar hormones, bitamin D, da enzymes da ake buƙata don narkewa.

Hanyoyin da ake kira lipoproteins suna ɗauke da ƙwayar cholesterol a cikin jiki. Abubuwa biyu masu mahimmanci sune manyan kwayoyi masu yawa (HDL) da ƙananan lipoproteins (LDL). “Maɗaukaki” da “ƙananan” suna nuni zuwa ga yawan gwargwadon furotin da mai a cikin dam ɗin. Jiki yana buƙatar nau'ikan nau'ikan biyu daidai gwargwado.

Matakan lafiya na cholesterol a cikin jiki

Yana da mahimmanci a san matakan HDL (“mai kyau” cholesterol), LDL (“mummunan” cholesterol), da kuma yawan cholesterol a jikinku. Kimanin kimantawa na duka cholesterol shine HDL, tare da LDL, da kashi ɗaya bisa biyar na nau'in mai na uku da ake kira triglyceride.

The bada shawarar da wadannan matakan:

Matakan HDL aƙalla miligram 40 a kowane deciliter (mg / dL) na jini. Duk wani abu kasa da hakan yana kara barazanar kamuwa da ciwon zuciya. Matsakaicin aƙalla 60 mg / dL yana taimaka rage haɗarin ku don cututtukan zuciya.

Rikicin aikin hanta

Rikicin aikin hanta na iya hana kwayar halitta damar samarwa ko share cholesterol. Duk yanayin biyu na iya haifar da karu a cholesterol kuma ya shafi lafiyar mutum. Yanayi masu zuwa na iya shafar hanta ta hanyar da ke haifar da matakan cholesterol ya zama na al'ada.

Cutar hanta mai haɗari

Mafi yawan nau'in cutar hanta shine cututtukan hanta mai haɗari (NAFLD). Ya shafi kusan kashi ɗaya bisa huɗu na yawan jama'a. Sau da yawa ana ganinta tsakanin mutanen da suka yi ƙiba ko kuma suke da ciwon sukari.

NAFLD yana haɗuwa da dyslipidemia, ƙananan matakan cholesterol da ire-iren mahaɗan cikin jini. NAFLD na iya haifar da, rashin tsari game da yadda jiki ke rarraba kitse.

NAFLD ya ƙunshi nau'ikan yanayi. A cikin NAFLD shine mafi tsananin rashin giya steatohepatitis (NASH). Binciken asali na NASH yakan haifar da cirrhosis, gazawar hanta, da cutar sankarar hanta.

Ciwan Cirrhosis

Cutar cirrhosis na iya haifar da tabo da hana hanta aiwatar da aiyukan rayuwa na asali. Yanayin shine martani ga rauni na dogon lokaci ga gabobin. Raunin na iya haɗawa da kumburi daga wata cuta irin wannan hepatitis C. Bayan ciwon hanta C, shan barasa na dogon lokaci shine sanadin mafi yawan cutar cirrhosis a Amurka.

Kwayoyi

Wani mahimmin abin da ke haifar da matsalolin hanta shi ne lalacewar kwayoyi. Aikin hanta shine hada sinadarai a jiki. Wannan ya sa ya zama mai saukin kamuwa da rauni daga takardar sayan magani, kan-kanti, ko magungunan nishaɗi.

Raunin hanta da ya haɗu da ƙwayoyin hanta da magungunan da ke haɗuwa da waɗannan yanayin sun haɗa da:

Ciwon hepatitis

Magunguna masu haɗaka:

• acetaminophen
• bromfenac
• isoniazid
• nevirapine
• sakadavir
• troglitazone

Ciwon hanta na kullum

Magunguna masu haɗaka:

• dantrolene
• diclofenac
• methyldopa
• minocycline
• nitrofurantoin

Mixed juna ko atypical hepatitis

Magunguna masu haɗaka:

• Masu hana ACE
• amoxicillin-clavulanic acid
• chlorpromazine
• erythromycin
• sulindac

Cutar cututtukan stepahepatitis

Magunguna masu haɗaka:

• amiodarone
• tamoxifen

Microvesicular steatosis

Magunguna masu haɗaka:

• NRTIs
• acid mai aiki

Cutar Veno-occlusive

Magunguna masu haɗaka:

• busulfan
• saukarinna

Bayan dakatar da maganin, lalacewar hanta yawanci ba mai tsanani bane kuma sau da yawa yakan sauka. A wasu lokuta mawuyaci, lalacewar na iya zama mai tsanani ko na dindindin

Illar yawan cholesterol

Babban matakin LDL cholesterol yana ƙaruwa da haɗarin adana mai a tasoshin da ke kawo jini zuwa zuciya. Levelsananan matakan HDL cholesterol suna ba da shawara cewa jiki ba zai iya share alamomi da sauran maiko daga jiki ba. Dukkanin yanayin suna haifar da haɗari ga cututtukan zuciya da ciwon zuciya.

Yaushe ake ganin likita

Lalacewar hanta na iya ci gaba har tsawon watanni ko shekaru ba tare da wata alama ba. A lokacin da bayyanar cututtuka ta bayyana, lalacewar hanta galibi yana da yawa. Wasu alamun bayyanar suna bada tabbacin ziyarar likita. Wadannan sun hada da:

• jaundice (launin rawaya da idanu)
• gajiya
• rauni
• rasa ci
• tara ruwa a ciki
• halin rauni a sauƙaƙe

Ganewar asali

Wani likita na iya iya gano matsalolin hanta ta hanyar lura da alamun ku da kuma kammala tarihin likita. Hakanan kuna iya yin gwaji na aikin hanta. Wadannan gwaje-gwajen sun hada da

Gwajin enzyme na hanta: Enzymes na yau da kullun a cikin wannan rukunin sune transaminase na alanine, aspartate transaminase, alkaline phosphatase, da gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase. Babban matakan kowane ɗayan waɗannan enzymes na iya nuna lalacewa.

Gwajin furotin: Levelsananan matakan sunadaran globulin da albumin na iya nuna asarar aikin hanta. Prothrombin shine furotin na hanta da ake buƙata don daskarewa. Gwajin gama gari yana auna tsawon lokacin da jinin ku zai dunkule. Sannu lokacin daskarewa na iya nufin rashin kwayar prothrombin da cutar hanta.

Gwajin Bilirubin: Jinin yana jigilar bilirubin zuwa hanta da mafitsara. Sannan an fitar da shi a cikin kujerun. Jinin cikin fitsari ko yawan bilirubin a cikin jini na iya nuna lalacewar hanta.

Liungiyar lipoprotein guda ɗaya: Kwamitin yana gwajin cholesterol na jini da kuma tryglycerides tare. Jini yawanci ana daukar shi bayan azumi.

Jiyya

Jiyya game da rikicewar hanta yakan fara ne tare da magance yanayin asali. Yanayi daban-daban na hanta suna kira don takamaiman canje-canje na abinci, amma Gidauniyar Hanta ta Amurka tana da wasu nasihu na gaba ɗaya.

Yi

• Ku ci hatsi, 'ya'yan itatuwa, kayan lambu, nama da wake, madara, da mai daidai gwargwado. Abinci mai wadataccen fiber shine maɓalli.
• Kasance cikin ruwa.

Guji

• abinci mai kitse, sukari, da gishiri
• ɗanyen kifin mara ƙwai
• barasa

Jiyya na babban cholesterol ya hada da jagororin abinci kamar na cutar hanta. Magungunan likita na babban cholesterol kuma galibi ya haɗa da rukunin magungunan da ake kira statins. Masu bincike sun duba ko statins ba su da lafiya ga mutanen da ke da cutar hanta da za su yi amfani da su.

"Gabaɗaya, statins suna da lafiya ga marasa lafiya da ke fama da cutar hanta," in ji David Bernstein, MD, FACG, shugaban likitan hanta a Northwell Health, kuma farfesa a likitancin a Hofstra Northwell School of Medicine a Hempstead, NY. "Mara lafiyar da suka kamu da cutar cirrhosis ya kamata a sanya musu ido sosai, amma gaba daya, suna cikin aminci."

“Shin akwai haɗari? Haka ne, amma yana da ƙananan haɗari kuma ana sa ido kan marasa lafiya a farkon watanni uku zuwa shida, ”in ji Bernstein.

Outlook

Magungunan kwantar da hankali sunyi alƙawarin kula da ƙwayar cholesterol mafi inganci, har ma tsakanin mutanen da ke da cutar hanta. Amma canje-canje na rayuwa da kulawar abinci suna kasancewa muhimmiyar mahimmanci sassa na cikakken tsarin kula da ƙwayar cholesterol tare da hanta.

Rigakafin

Shawarwarin suna ba da shawarar yadda za a iya sarrafa manyan matakan cholesterol na jini tare da cin abinci da canjin rayuwa:

Bernstein ya ba da shawarar cewa waɗannan jagororin salon suna shawara ce mai kyau ga duk wanda ke ƙoƙarin kiyaye ƙwayar cholesterol, ciki har da waɗanda ke da ƙarin ƙalubalen cutar hanta.