Mucositis: menene shi, bayyanar cututtuka da zaɓuɓɓukan magani

Wadatacce

• Babban bayyanar cututtuka
• Wanene ke cikin haɗarin haɗarin mucositis
• Babban digiri na mucositis
• Yadda ake yin maganin

Mucositis shine kumburi na ƙwayar hanji wanda ke yawan haɗuwa da chemotherapy ko farfadowa na radiation, kuma yana ɗaya daga cikin mawuyacin sakamako na yau da kullun ga marasa lafiya da ke shan maganin kansa.

Tunda membobin mucous suna layin gaba dayan sassan narkewar abinci daga baki zuwa dubura, alamomin cutar na iya banbanta gwargwadon wurin da abin ya fi shafa, amma abin da aka fi sani shi ne mucositis yana tasowa a cikin bakin, wanda ake kira mucositis na baki, kuma yana haifar da rashin jin dadi kamar ciwon baki, kumbura gumis da yawan jin zafi lokacin cin abinci, misali.

Dogaro da matakin mucositis, jiyya na iya haɗawa da yin ƙananan canje-canje a cikin daidaiton abinci da yin amfani da mala'ikan maganin sa maye, har sai an yi gyara game da cutar kansa kuma, a cikin mawuyacin yanayi, shigar da asibiti don gudanar da magunguna da ciyarwa a cikin jijiyar. bisa ga jagorancin masanin ilimin sanko kan.

Babban bayyanar cututtuka

Kwayar cututtukan mucositis ta bambanta gwargwadon wurin aikin hanjin ciki da cutar, lafiyar mutum gaba ɗaya da kuma matakin mucositis. Koyaya, mafi yawan alamun bayyanar sun haɗa da:

• Kumburi da jan kumatu da rufin baki;
• Jin zafi ko ƙonewa a cikin bakin da maƙogwaro;
• Matsalar haɗiye, magana ko taunawa;
• Kasancewar ciwo da jini a baki;
• Yawan yawu a baki.

Wadannan alamomin galibi suna bayyana kwanaki 5 zuwa 10 bayan farawar chemotherapy da / ko sake zagayowar rediyo, amma suna iya ci gaba har na tsawon watanni 2, saboda raguwar adadin fararen jini.

Bugu da kari, idan mucositis ya shafi hanji, wasu alamu da alamomi na iya bayyana, kamar ciwon ciki, gudawa, jini a cikin mara da jin zafi yayin fitarwa, misali.

A cikin mawuyacin yanayi, mucositis na iya haifar da bayyanar fararen fata mai kauri, wanda ke faruwa yayin da fungi suka ci gaba da wuce gona da iri a cikin baki.

Wanene ke cikin haɗarin haɗarin mucositis

Mucositis sananne ne sosai ga mutanen da ke shan maganin kansa tare da chemotherapy da / ko radiotherapy, amma wannan ba yana nufin cewa duk mutanen da ke yin irin wannan maganin za su ci gaba da mucositis ba. Wasu abubuwan da ake ganin suna kara kasadar kamuwa da wannan tasirin sun hada da rashin tsaftar baki, kasancewa mai shan sigari, shan ruwa kadan a rana, rashin nauyi ko kuma fama da matsala mai ciwuwa, kamar cutar koda, ciwon suga ko kwayar cutar HIV.

Babban digiri na mucositis

A cewar WHO, za a iya raba mucositis zuwa digiri 5:

• Darasi 0: babu canje-canje a cikin mucosa;
• Darasi 1: yana yiwuwa a lura da jan ido da kumburin mucosa;
• Hanyar 2: ƙananan raunuka suna nan kuma mutum na iya samun matsala wajen shan abubuwa masu ƙarfi;
• Darasi na 3: akwai raunuka kuma mutum zai iya shan ruwa kawai;
• Darasi na 4: ciyar da baki ba zai yiwu ba, yana bukatar asibiti.

Gano matakin mucositis likita ne yayi kuma yana taimakawa wajen tantance mafi kyawun magani.

Yadda ake yin maganin

Magungunan da aka yi amfani da su don magance matsalar mucositis na iya bambanta gwargwadon alamun cutar da girman kumburi kuma, gabaɗaya, kawai suna taimakawa ne don kawar da alamun, don haka mutum zai iya cin abinci cikin sauƙi kuma ya ji rashin jin daɗi da safe.

Gwargwadon abin da ake ƙarfafawa koyaushe, ba tare da la'akari da tsananin mucositis ba, shi ne karɓar ayyukan tsabtace baki masu dacewa, wanda ƙila za a iya amfani da shi, sau 2 zuwa 3 a rana, na maganin wankin baki wanda likita ya ba da shawara, don magance cututtukan da hana ci gaban cututtuka. Lokacin da wannan ba zai yiwu ba, maganin cikin gida yana iya zama kurkura bakinku da cakuda ruwan dumi da gishiri, misali.

Bugu da kari, yana da mahimmanci a kula da abincin, wanda ya kamata ya kunshi abinci masu saukin tauna da rashin jin haushi. Don haka, ya kamata ku guji abinci mai zafi, mai tsananin wuya, irin su toast ko gyada; yaji sosai, kamar barkono; ko wanda ke dauke da wani nau'in acid, kamar lemo ko lemu, misali. Kyakkyawan bayani shine a tsarkake wasu daga cikin fruitsa fruitsan itace, misali.

Anan ga wasu shawarwari masu gina jiki waɗanda zasu iya taimakawa:

A cikin yanayin da waɗannan matakan basu isa ba, likita na iya bada umarnin shan magungunan rage zafin ciwo ko ma sanya wani gel mai sa kuzari, wanda zai iya rage zafin kuma ba mutum damar cin abinci cikin sauƙi.

A cikin mawuyacin hali, lokacin da mucositis yake aji na 4, misali, kuma ya hana mutum cin abinci, likita na iya ba da shawara a kwantar da mutum a asibiti, don haka mutum ya yi magunguna kai tsaye a jijiya, da kuma abinci mai gina jiki na iyaye, wanda ake ba da abinci mai gina jiki. kai tsaye cikin jini. Ara koyo game da yadda ciyarwar iyaye take aiki.