Dwarfism: menene menene kuma manyan alamomi da sanadin sa

Wadatacce

• Babban bayyanar cututtuka da dalilai
• 1. Dwarfism na gwargwado
• 2. Dwarfism mara kyau
• Menene dwarfism na farko
• Yadda ake ganewar asali
• Zaɓuɓɓukan magani

Dwarfism sakamako ne na kwayar halitta, hormonal, abinci mai gina jiki da canje-canje na muhalli waɗanda ke hana jiki girma da haɓaka kamar yadda ya kamata, yana haifar da mutum ya sami matsakaicin tsayi ƙasa da matsakaicin yawan mutanen da shekarunsu ɗaya da jinsi ɗaya, kuma zai iya bambanta tsakanin 1.40 da 1.45 m.

Dwarfism na iya kasancewa da gajeruwa, gaɓoɓi da yatsu, doguwa, ƙunci a jiki, ƙafafu masu ƙarfi, kan babba, babban goshi da alamar kyphosis da lordosis.

Akwai manyan nau'i biyu na dwarfism, waɗanda suka haɗa da:

• Daidaitawa ko dwarfism: dukkan bangarorin jiki sun yi kadan da na al'ada kuma sun yi daidai da tsawo;
• Rashin daidaituwa ko dwarfism achondroplastic: wasu sassan jiki sun yi daidai ko girma fiye da abin da za a yi tsammani, haifar da ji na tsayin daka ba daidai ba.

Yawancin lokaci, dwarfism ba shi da magani, amma magani na iya sauƙaƙa wasu matsalolin ko gyara nakasar da ke iya tasowa tare da ci gaban yaro.

Babban bayyanar cututtuka da dalilai

Baya ga raguwar tsayin jiki, nau'ikan dwarfism na iya haifar da wasu alamun alamun kamar:

1. Dwarfism na gwargwado

Yawanci, alamun wannan nau'in suna bayyana a farkon shekarun rayuwa, tunda babban dalilinsu shine canji a cikin samar da haɓakar haɓakar hormone, wanda yake kasancewa tun lokacin haihuwa. Kwayar cutar sun hada da:

• Girma a ƙasan kwana na uku na karkarar yara;
• Cigaban yaro gaba daya kasa da al'ada;
• Jinkirta cikin cigaban jima'i yayin samartaka.

A mafi yawan lokuta, likitan yara ne yake yin ganewar asali jim kaɗan bayan haihuwa ko yayin tuntubar yara.

2. Dwarfism mara kyau

Mafi yawan lokuta irin wannan dwarfism yana faruwa ne ta hanyar canjin samuwar guringuntsi, wanda ake kira achondroplasia.A waɗannan yanayin, manyan alamun alamun sune:

• Girman girma na al'ada;
• Gajeren kafafu da hannaye, musamman a cikin dantse da cinyoyi;
• Fingersananan yatsu tare da mafi girman sarari tsakanin yatsan tsakiya da zobe;
• Wahala lankwasa gwiwar hannu;
• Kai ya yi girma sosai ga sauran jiki.

Bugu da kari, lokacin da wasu canje-canje suka haifar da shi, kamar su maye gurbi na chromosome ko rashin abinci mai gina jiki, rashin dacewar dwarfism na iya haifar da gajeren wuya, kirji mai zagaye, nakasar lebe, matsalolin gani ko nakasar kafa.

Menene dwarfism na farko

Dwarfism na farko shine nau'ikan dwarfism mai matukar wahala, wanda galibi ana iya gano shi kafin haihuwa, tunda girman tayin yana da jinkiri sosai, kasancewa ƙasa da yadda ake tsammani don lokacin haihuwa.

Yawancin lokaci, ana haifa yaro da ƙananan nauyi kuma yana ci gaba da girma a hankali, kodayake ci gabansa na al'ada ne kuma, sabili da haka, yawanci ana yin binciken ne a farkon watanni na rayuwa.

Yadda ake ganewar asali

Binciken asali na dwarfism na asibiti ne, kuma binciken rediyo galibi ya isa ya tabbatar da shi. Saboda tsarin kashin, wasu rikice-rikice na asibiti sun fi yawa, kuma ana ba da shawarar sa ido ta hanyar ƙungiya da yawa, tare da kulawa ta musamman game da rikice-rikicen jijiyoyin jiki, nakasar kashi da cututtukan kunne da ke maimaituwa.

Zaɓuɓɓukan magani

Dole ne likita ya kimanta dukkan shari'o'in, don gano yuwuwar rikice-rikice ko nakasar da ke buƙatar gyara. Koyaya, wasu daga cikin magungunan da akafi amfani dasu sun haɗa da:

• Tiyata: Dole ne likitan orthopedist ya yi aiki kuma yana taimakawa wajen gyara canje-canje a cikin shugabancin ci gaban wasu kasusuwa da inganta shimfida kashi;
• Hormone far: ana amfani dashi a lokuta na dwarfism saboda ƙarancin haɓakar haɓakar girma kuma ana yin shi da allurar hormone na yau da kullun, wanda zai iya taimakawa wajen rage bambanci a tsayi;
• Armsara hannaye ko ƙafa: magani ne da aka dan yi amfani da shi wanda likita zai yi tiyata don kokarin shimfida gabobin jiki idan ba su dace da sauran jiki ba.

Bugu da kari, wadanda ke fama da matsalar dwarfism ya kamata su rika yin shawarwari a kai a kai, musamman a lokacin yarinta, don tantance bayyanar matsalolin da za a iya magance su, don kiyaye rayuwa mai kyau.