Magunguna da Kulawa don Ci gaban Firamare na MS

Wadatacce

• Magunguna don PPMS
• Distance Ga-Rankuwa-Ocrelizumab (Ocrevus)
• Maganin kara mai tushe
• Gwajin gwaji
• Lipoic acid
• Babban maganin biotin
• Masitinib (AB1010)
• Ibudilast
• Na al'ada da na kwantar da hankali
• Maganin aiki
• Jiki na jiki
• Ilimin harshe na magana-magana (SLP)
• Motsa jiki
• Andara da madadin (CAM) hanyoyin kwantar da hankali
• Kula da alamun cutar PPMS
• Magunguna
• Canjin rayuwa
• Gyarawa
• Awauki

Matsalar cutar sikandire na farko (PPMS) ɗayan nau'ikan cuta huɗu ne (MS).

Dangane da Societyungiyar Magungunan Sclerosis na Nationalasa, kimanin kashi 15 na mutanen da ke da MS suna karɓar ganewar asali na PPMS.

Ba kamar sauran nau'ikan MS ba, PPMS yana ci gaba daga farawa ba tare da sake dawowa ko ragi ba. Kodayake cutar yawanci tana tafiya sannu a hankali kuma tana iya ɗaukar shekaru kafin a gano ta, yawanci yakan haifar da matsaloli tare da tafiya.

Babu sanannen sanadin MS. Koyaya, yawancin jiyya na iya taimakawa hana ci gaban alamun PPMS.

Magunguna don PPMS

Yawancin magungunan MS da ke akwai an tsara su ne don sarrafa kumburi da rage yawan sake dawowa.

Koyaya, PPMS yana haifar da ƙarancin kumburi fiye da sake komowa-sake yawan sclerosis (RRMS), mafi yawan nau'in MS.

Bugu da kari, kodayake ana iya samun wasu darajoji na lokaci-lokaci na kyautatawa, PPMS ba shi da ragowa.

Saboda ba shi yiwuwa a yi hasashen hanyar ci gaban PPMS a cikin kowane mutumin da ke da shi, yana da wahala ga masu bincike su kimanta tasirin magani a kan cutar. Koyaya, har zuwa shekara ta 2017, ɗayan magungunan PPMS ya sami izini daga Hukumar Abinci da Magunguna (FDA).

Distance Ga-Rankuwa-Ocrelizumab (Ocrevus)

Ocrelizumab (Ocrevus) an yarda da FDA don bi da PPMS da RRMS.

Yana da kwayar cutar monoclonal wanda ke lalata wasu ƙwayoyin B na garkuwar jiki. Bincike ya nuna cewa ƙwayoyin B suna da alhakin lalacewar kwakwalwa da ƙwanƙolin ƙashin baya na mutanen da ke tare da MS. Wannan lalacewar ta sami damar ta tsarin rigakafi kanta.

Ocrelizumab ana gudanar dashi ta hanyar jigilar jini. Ana gudanar da infusions na farko na makonni 2 baya. Anyi amfani da infusions daga baya kowane watanni 6.

Maganin kara mai tushe

Manufar amfani da ƙwayoyin sel don magance PPMS shine inganta tsarin rigakafi don gyara lalacewa da rage kumburi a cikin tsarin juyayi na tsakiya (CNS).

Don wani tsari da aka sani da dasawar kwayar halitta ta jini (HSCT), ana tara ƙwayoyin halitta daga ƙwayoyin jikin mutum, kamar ɓarke ​​ko jini, sannan a sake dawo da su bayan an danne tsarin garkuwar jikinsu. Ana yin wannan a yanayin asibiti kuma a halin yanzu FDA ta amince.

Koyaya, HSCT babbar hanya ce tare da mummunar illa. Ana buƙatar ƙarin bincike da sakamako daga gwajin asibiti kafin wannan ya zama magani da ake amfani da shi sosai don PPMS.

Gwajin gwaji

Yawancin gwaje-gwajen asibiti a halin yanzu suna gudana a cikin mutanen da ke da PPMS. Gwajin gwaji yana cikin matakai da yawa kafin su sami amincewar FDA.

Lokaci na I yana mai da hankali ne kan yadda lafiyayyar magani ta kasance kuma ta ƙunshi ƙaramin rukuni na mahalarta.

A lokacin lokaci na II, masu bincike suna da niyyar sanin yadda ingancin magani yake ga wasu yanayi kamar MS.

Lokaci na III yawanci ya haɗa da babban rukuni na mahalarta.

Har ila yau, masu binciken suna duban sauran alumma, yawan allurai, da kuma hada magungunan don neman karin bayani game da yadda lafiyayyar ke da inganci.

Lipoic acid

Nazarin shekaru biyu na lokaci na biyu a halin yanzu yana kimanta lipoic acid na antioxidant. Masu bincike suna nazarin ko zai iya kiyaye motsi da kare kwakwalwa fiye da wuribo mara aiki a cikin sifofin ci gaba na MS.

Wannan binciken ya ginu ne akan binciken farko na II wanda ya kalli mutane 51 tare da MS mai gaba na gaba (SPMS). Masu bincike sun gano cewa acid lipoic ya iya rage karfin asarar nama na kwakwalwa idan aka kwatanta da placebo.

Babban maganin biotin

Biotin wani ɓangare ne na hadadden bitamin B kuma yana da hannu cikin haɓakar ƙwayoyin halitta da kuma maye gurbin ƙwayoyin mai da amino acid.

Nazarin kulawa yana tattara mutane tare da PPMS waɗanda ke shan babban kwayar biotin (miligram 300) kowace rana. Masu bincike suna so su ga ko yana da inganci da aminci a cikin jinkirin ci gaban nakasa a cikin mutanen da ke da PPMS. A cikin karatun nazari, masu bincike suna sa ido kan mahalarta ba tare da tsoma baki cikin aikin ba.

Wani nazarin lokaci na III shine kimantawa da babban kwayar halitta wanda aka fi sani da MD1003 don ganin idan ya fi tasiri fiye da placebo. Masu bincike suna so su san ko zai iya rage nakasar mutanen da ke fama da cutar ta MS, musamman ma waɗanda ke fama da rauni.

Trialaramin gwaji na buɗe-lakabi ya kalli tasirin babban kwayar halitta a cikin mutane masu ɗauke da PPMS ko SPMS. Doses sun kasance daga 100 zuwa 300 milligrams kowace rana don watanni 2 zuwa 36.

Mahalarta wannan gwajin sun nuna ci gaba a cikin lalacewar gani da ke da alaƙa da ciwon jiji da kuma sauran alamun MS, kamar aikin motsa jiki da gajiya.

Koyaya, wani binciken ya gano cewa babban biotin ya ninka sau uku na sake dawowa cikin mahalarta tare da PPMS.

Har ila yau, ya yi gargadin cewa yawan allurar biotin na iya haifar da sakamakon bincike na kuskure ga mutanen da ke da wasu sharuɗɗa, gami da MS.

Masitinib (AB1010)

Masitinib magani ne na maganin rigakafi na baka wanda aka haɓaka azaman yiwuwar magani ga PPMS.

Maganin ya rigaya ya nuna alƙawari a cikin gwajin lokaci na II. A halin yanzu ana gudanar da bincike a cikin binciken kashi na III a cikin mutanen da ke da PPMS ko kuma SPMS ba tare da sake dawowa ba.

Ibudilast

Ibudilast yana hana enzyme da ake kira phosphodiesterase. An yi amfani dashi azaman maganin asma galibi a Asiya, an kuma nuna shi don inganta gyaran myelin kuma yana taimakawa kare ƙwayoyin jiji daga lalacewa.

Hukumar ta FDA ce ta baiwa Ibudilast lambar yabo ta hanya mai sauri. Wannan na iya saurin ci gabanta na gaba azaman magani mai yuwuwa don ci gaban MS.

Sakamakon gwajin lokaci na II a cikin marasa lafiya 255 tare da MS na ci gaba an buga su a The New England Journal of Medicine.

A cikin binciken, ibudilast yana da alaƙa da saurin ci gaban ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwa fiye da wuribo. Koyaya, hakan kuma ya haifar da hauhawar yawan tasirin tsarin narkewar abinci, ciwon kai, da damuwa.

Na al'ada da na kwantar da hankali

Sauran magunguna da yawa, banda magunguna, na iya taimakawa inganta aiki da ingancin rayuwa duk da cutar.

Maganin aiki

Maganin aiki yana koya wa mutane ƙwarewar dabarun da suke buƙata don kula da kansu duka a gida da kuma a wurin aiki.

Masu ba da aikin likita suna nuna wa mutane yadda za su adana kuzarinsu, tunda PPMS yawanci yakan haifar da gajiya sosai. Suna kuma taimaka wa mutane su daidaita ayyukansu na yau da kullun da ayyukan gida.

Magungunan kwantar da hankali na iya ba da shawarar hanyoyin da za a inganta ko gyara gidaje da wuraren aiki don ba su damar isa ga nakasassu. Hakanan zasu iya taimakawa wajen magance matsalolin ƙwaƙwalwa da matsalolin fahimi.

Jiki na jiki

Magungunan kwantar da hankali na jiki suna aiki don ƙirƙirar takamaiman ayyukan motsa jiki don taimakawa mutane su haɓaka yawan motsi, kiyaye motsi, da rage saurin yanayi da rawar jiki.

Masu ilimin kwantar da hankali na jiki zasu iya ba da shawarar kayan aiki don taimakawa mutane tare da PPMS don samun kyakkyawan yanayin, kamar:

• kujerun marasa lafiya
• masu tafiya
• sanduna
• Scooters

Ilimin harshe na magana-magana (SLP)

Wasu mutanen da ke da cutar PPMS suna da matsaloli game da yarensu, maganarsu, ko haɗuwarsu. Masana ilimin lissafi na iya koya wa mutane yadda ake:

• shirya abinci mai sauƙin haɗiya
• a ci lafiya
• amfani da tubes din yadda yakamata

Hakanan suna iya ba da shawarar taimakon waya da amfani da abubuwan kara magana don saukaka sadarwa.

Motsa jiki

Ayyukan motsa jiki na iya taimaka muku rage spasticity da kiyaye kewayon motsi. Kuna iya gwada yoga, iyo, shimfidawa, da sauran hanyoyin motsa jiki masu karɓa.

Tabbas, koyaushe yana da kyau a tattauna kowane sabon tsarin motsa jiki tare da likitanka.

Andara da madadin (CAM) hanyoyin kwantar da hankali

CAM hanyoyin kwantar da hankula ana ɗaukar su ba jiyya ba. Mutane da yawa sun haɗa wasu nau'ikan maganin CAM a matsayin ɓangare na gudanarwar MS.

Akwai iyakantaccen bincike na kimanta aminci da tasirin CAM a cikin MS. Amma irin wadannan magungunan an yi niyya ne don taimakawa hana cutar cutar da lamuran ka da kuma kiyaye lafiyar ka don jikinka ba zai ji illar cutar sosai ba.

Dangane da binciken daya, mafi kyawun hanyoyin kwantar da hankali na CAM na MS sun haɗa da:

• cin abinci mara nauyi
• Omega-3 kayan mai mai ƙanshi
• kari na lipoic acid
• abubuwan bitamin D

Yi magana da likitanka kafin ƙara CAM zuwa shirin maganinku, kuma tabbatar kun ci gaba da bin maganin da aka tsara.

Kula da alamun cutar PPMS

Alamun MS na yau da kullun waɗanda zaku iya fuskanta sun haɗa da:

• gajiya
• rashin nutsuwa
• rauni
• jiri
• rashin fahimi
• spasticity
• zafi
• rashin daidaituwa
• matsalolin fitsari
• canjin yanayi

Babban ɓangare na tsarin kulawa na gaba ɗaya zai kasance don sarrafa alamun ku. Kuna iya buƙatar magunguna daban-daban, canje-canje na rayuwa, da ƙarin jiyya don yin wannan.

Magunguna

Dangane da alamunku, likita na iya yin oda:

• shakatawa na tsoka
• maganin damuwa
• magunguna don rashin aiki na mafitsara
• magunguna don rage gajiya, kamar modafinil (Provigil)
• magungunan ciwo
• kayan bacci don taimakawa rashin bacci
• magunguna don taimakawa wajen magance matsalar rashin ƙarfi (ED)

Canjin rayuwa

Wadannan canje-canje na rayuwa zasu iya sa alamun ku su zama masu sauki:

• Ku ci abinci mai kyau mai wadataccen bitamin, ma'adanai, da antioxidants.
• Yi atisayen haɓaka ƙarfi don haɓaka tsokoki da haɓaka ƙarfi.
• Gwada motsa jiki a hankali da shimfida shirye-shirye kamar tai chi da yoga don taimakawa tare da daidaito, sassauci, da daidaitawa.
• Kula da tsarin bacci daidai.
• Sarrafa damuwa tare da tausa, tunani, ko acupuncture.
• Yi amfani da na'urori masu taimakawa don inganta rayuwar su.

Gyarawa

Manufar gyarawa shine ingantawa da kiyaye aiki da rage gajiya. Wannan na iya haɗawa da:

• gyaran jiki
• aikin likita
• gyaran fuska
• ilimin harshe na magana
• gyaran sana'a

Tambayi likitanku don turawa ga kwararru a cikin waɗannan yankuna.

Awauki

PPMS ba nau'in MS bane na yau da kullun, amma masu bincike da yawa suna ci gaba da bincika hanyoyin magance yanayin.

Yarda da 2017 na ocrelizumab ya nuna babban ci gaba saboda an yarda dashi don alamar PPMS. Sauran jiyya masu tasowa, kamar anti-inflammatories da biotin, sun sami sakamako mai haɗari a cikin PPMS har yanzu.

Ibudilast an kuma yi nazari akan tasirin sa akan PPMS da SPMS. Sakamakon kwanan nan daga gwajin lokaci na II ya nuna cewa yana haifar da wasu sakamako masu illa, gami da ɓacin rai. Koyaya, an kuma haɗa shi da ƙananan ƙarancin atrophy na kwakwalwa.

Yi magana da likitanka idan kuna son ingantaccen bayani kan mafi kyawun hanyoyin sarrafa PPMS ɗinku.