Ciwon Tourette: menene shi, cututtuka da magani

Wadatacce

• Babban bayyanar cututtuka
• Yadda za a tabbatar da ganewar asali
• Abin da ke haifar da ciwo
• Yadda ake yin maganin
• Shin ya zama dole ga yaro ya daina zuwa makaranta?

Ciwon Tourette cuta ce ta jijiyoyin jijiyoyin jiki da ke haifar da mutum yin ayyukan gaggawa, yawanci da maimaitaccen aiki, wanda aka fi sani da tics, wanda ka iya kawo cikas ga zaman jama'a da kuma ɓata rayuwar mutum, saboda yanayin abin kunya.

Tourette ciwo tics yawanci yakan bayyana tsakanin shekaru 5 da 7, amma yana ƙaruwa da ƙarfi tsakanin 8 da 12 shekaru, farawa tare da sauƙaƙan motsi, kamar ƙyafta idanunku ko motsa hannuwanku da hannayenku, wanda hakan sai ya daɗa muni, maimaita kalmomi suna bayyana, motsin kwatsam da sauti kamar haushi, gurnani, ihu ko zagi, misali.

Wasu mutane suna iya danne tics a lokacin zamantakewar jama'a, amma wasu suna da wahalar shawo kansu, musamman idan suna cikin lokacin damuwa, wanda zai iya sanya makarantarsu da rayuwar sana'a cikin wahala. A wasu lokuta, tics na iya inganta har ma ya ɓace bayan samartaka, amma a wasu, ana iya kiyaye waɗannan dabarun a lokacin balaga.

Babban bayyanar cututtuka

Alamun cututtukan Tourette galibi malamai ne ke lura da su, waɗanda suka lura cewa yaron ya fara yin baƙon hali a cikin aji.

Wasu daga cikin waɗannan alamun da alamun na iya zama:

Motar motsa jiki

• Kiftawar ido;
• Karkatar da kai;
• Kaɗa kafadu;
• Shafar hanci;
• Yi fuskoki;
• Matsar da yatsunsu;
• Yi isharar batsa;
• Shura;
• Girgiza wuya;
• Buga kirji.

Sautin murya

• Rantsuwa;
• Shaƙuwa;
• Ihu ihu;
• Tofa;
• Clukewa;
• Don nishi;
• Kuka;
• Share makogwaro;
• Maimaita kalmomi ko jimloli;
• Yi amfani da sautunan murya daban-daban.

Wadannan alamun sun bayyana akai-akai kuma suna da wahalar sarrafawa, kuma bugu da kari, zasu iya bunkasa zuwa dabaru daban daban akan lokaci. Gabaɗaya, tics suna bayyana a yarinta amma suna iya bayyana a karon farko har zuwa shekaru 21.

Hakanan Tics yakan ɓace lokacin da mutum yake bacci, tare da yawan shan giya ko kuma a cikin wani aiki wanda ke buƙatar mai da hankali sosai da kuma taɓarɓarewa ta fuskar yanayi na damuwa, gajiya, damuwa da tashin hankali.

Yadda za a tabbatar da ganewar asali

Domin tantance wannan ciwo, likita na iya lura da yanayin motsawa, wanda yawanci yakan faru sau da yawa a rana kuma kusan kowace shekara aƙalla shekara guda.

Babu takamaiman gwaje-gwaje da ake buƙata don gano wannan cuta, amma a wasu yanayi, likitan jijiyoyin na iya yin odar hoton maganadisu ko ƙididdigar hoto, alal misali, don bincika ko akwai yiwuwar cewa akwai wata cuta ta jijiyoyin jiki da ke da alamun irin wannan.

Abin da ke haifar da ciwo

Ciwon Tourette cuta ce ta kwayar halitta, mafi yawanci a cikin mutane daga iyali ɗaya kuma har yanzu ba a san ainihin takamaiman abin da ke haddasa ta ba. Akwai rahotanni na mutumin da aka gano bayan ya sami rauni a kansa, amma cututtuka da matsalolin zuciya sun fi yawa a cikin iyali ɗaya. Fiye da 40% na marasa lafiya suna da alamun rashin ƙarfi na rikitarwa ko raunin aiki.

Yadda ake yin maganin

Ciwon Tourette ba za a iya warke shi ba, amma ana iya sarrafa shi ta hanyar jiyya mai kyau. Dole ne likitan jijiyoyi ya jagoranci jiyya kuma yawanci yakan fara ne kawai lokacin da alamun cutar suka shafi ayyukan yau da kullun ko kuma sanya rayuwar mutum cikin haɗari. A irin waɗannan lokuta, ana iya yin magani tare da:

• Topiramate: magani ne da ke taimakawa wajen sarrafa laulayi ko matsakaici, lokacin da ake haɗuwa da kiba;
• Magungunan maganin ƙwaƙwalwa na al'ada, kamar haloperidol ko pimozide; ko atypical, kamar aripiprazole, ziprasidone ko risperidone;
• Allurar Botox: ana amfani dasu a cikin tics na motsa jiki don gurguntar da tsokar da motsin ya shafa, rage bayyanar tics;
• Magunguna masu hana adrenergic: kamar Clonidine ko Guanfacina, waɗanda ke taimakawa wajen sarrafa alamun halayya kamar su impulsivity da fushi, misali.

Kodayake akwai magunguna da yawa waɗanda za a iya nunawa don maganin cututtukan Tourette, ba duk lokuta ake buƙatar kulawa da magunguna ba. Da kyau, ya kamata koyaushe ku nemi shawara tare da masanin halayyar dan adam ko likitan mahaukata don sanin mafi kyawun magani, wanda zai iya haɗawa da halayyar halayyar halayyar kwakwalwa ko halayyar halayyar mutum, misali.

Shin ya zama dole ga yaro ya daina zuwa makaranta?

Yaron da ya kamu da cutar Tourette's Syndrome ba ya buƙatar dakatar da karatu, saboda yana da dukkan ƙarfin koyo, kamar sauran waɗanda ba su da wannan ciwon. Yaron na iya ci gaba da zuwa makaranta na yau da kullun, ba tare da buƙatar ilimi na musamman ba, amma ya kamata mutum ya yi magana da malamai, masu gudanarwa da shugabannin makarantu game da matsalar lafiyar yaron don su iya taimaka wa ci gaban su ta hanya mai kyau.

Kula da malamai da abokan karatuna yadda ya kamata game da alamomi da magungunan wannan ciwo yana taimaka wa yaron fahimtar shi sosai, tare da guje wa keɓancewa wanda zai iya haifar da baƙin ciki. Magungunan na iya zama da amfani don taimakawa sarrafa tics, amma zaman na psychotherapy shima wani ɓangare ne na maganin, saboda yaron ya san matsalar lafiyarsa kuma ba zai iya sarrafa shi gaba ɗaya ba, sau da yawa yana jin laifi da rashin isa.