Cystic fibrosis: menene shi, ainihin alamun bayyanar, sababi da magani

Wadatacce

• Babban bayyanar cututtuka
• Matsaloli da ka iya faruwa
• Yadda za a tabbatar da ganewar asali
• Yadda ake yin maganin
• 1. Amfani da magunguna
• 2. Karbuwa ga abinci
• 3. Zaman gyaran jiki
• 4. Yin tiyata

Cystic fibrosis cuta ce ta kwayar halitta wacce ke shafar furotin a cikin jiki, wanda aka sani da CFTR, wanda ke haifar da samar da ɓoyayyun ɓoyayyen ɓoyayyen ɓoye, waɗanda ke da wahalar kawarwa don haka suka taru a cikin gabobi daban-daban, amma musamman a cikin huhu da fili na narkewa.

Wannan tarin sirrin na iya haifar da haifar da alamun cutar da ke shafar ingancin rayuwa, kamar wahalar numfashi, jin ƙarancin numfashi da ciwan numfashi mai yawa. Kari akan haka, akwai wasu alamun alamun narkewa iri daban-daban, kamar samar da ɗumbin yawa, mara daɗi da ɗakuna masu tauri ko maƙarƙashiya, misali.

Yawancin lokaci, alamun cututtukan cystic fibrosis suna bayyana a yarinta kuma ana gano cutar da wuri, duk da haka, akwai kuma mutanen da kusan ba su da alamun bayyanar kuma, sabili da haka, na iya samun ganewar asali daga baya. A kowane hali, ya kamata a fara farawa da magani koyaushe, saboda yana hana cutar ci gaba da kuma taimakawa wajen sarrafa alamun, lokacin da suka wanzu.

Babban bayyanar cututtuka

Kwayar cututtukan cystic fibrosis yawanci suna bayyana yayin yarinta, amma na iya bambanta daga mutum zuwa mutum. Alamar mafi halayyar sihiri cystic fibrosis shine tarawar gamsai a cikin hanyoyin iska, wanda yake fifita tarin ƙwayoyin cuta da mafi saurin sake kamuwa da cututtukan numfashi, wanda ke haifar da bayyanar wasu alamun bayyanar kamar:

• Jin motsin numfashi;
• Tari mai ɗorewa, tare da fitsari ko jini;
• Hankali yayin numfashi;
• Wahalar numfashi bayan motsa jiki;
• Sinusitis na kullum;
• Ciwon huhu da yawan mashako;
• Maimaita cututtukan huhu;
• Samuwar polyps na hanci, wanda yayi daidai da ciwan mahaukaci wanda yake layin hanci. Fahimci menene polyp na hanci da yadda ake magance shi.

Bugu da kari, wasu mutane na iya haifar da alamun narkewa, kamar:

• Kujeru masu wari mara kyau, ƙato da maiko;
• Ciwon mara;
• Fata mai launin rawaya da idanu;
• Matsalar samun nauyi;
• Weightananan;
• Ciwan ciki akai-akai;
• Rashin narkewar abinci;
• Ci gaba da rashin abinci mai gina jiki.

Baya ga waɗannan alamun, abu ne na yau da kullun ga mutanen da ke fama da cutar cystic fibrosis su fuskanci ciwon haɗin gwiwa, ƙara yawan sukarin jini da gumi mai gishiri, misali.

Matsaloli da ka iya faruwa

Rikitarwa na cystic fibrosis yafi shafar hanyoyin numfashi, narkewa da tsarin haihuwa. Don haka, ana iya samun ci gaban mashako, sinusitis, ciwon huhu, polyps na hanci, pneumothorax, gazawar numfashi, ciwon sukari, toshewar bututun bile, hanta da matsalar narkewar abinci, osteoporosis da rashin haihuwa, musamman a yanayin maza.

Yadda za a tabbatar da ganewar asali

Za'a iya yin gwajin cutar cystic fibrosis yayin haifuwa ta hanyar gwajin dunduniyar dunduniya. Duk da haka, don tabbatar da ganewar asali, ya zama dole a yi gwajin zufa da gwajin kwayar halitta wanda ke ba da damar gano maye gurbin da ke da alhakin cutar.

Bugu da kari, mai yiyuwa ne a gudanar da gwajin mai dauke da cutar, wanda ke tabbatar da hadarin da ke tsakanin ma'auratan na samun yara masu cutar cystic fibrosis, kuma wannan gwajin galibi ana yin sa ne daga mutanen da ke da tarihin cutar.

Lokacin da ba a gano mutum a lokacin haihuwa ko a farkon watannin rayuwarsa ba, ana iya yin gwajin ta hanyar gwajin jini don manufar bincike don maye gurbi na cutar, ko kuma ta hanyar al'adun samfuran kayan da ke zuwa daga maƙogwaro.da makasudin bincika kasancewar ƙwayoyin cuta kuma, don haka, bada damar ganowar, ƙari ga gwajin jini don kimanta wasu takamaiman enzymes.

Hakanan likita na iya yin gwajin gwaje-gwajen aikin huhu, da kuma kirjin X-ray ko kuma ƙididdigar hoto. Wadannan gwaje-gwajen galibi ana ba da umarni ne ga matasa da manya waɗanda ke da alamun cutar numfashi na yau da kullun.

Yadda ake yin maganin

Jiyya don cystic fibrosis yawanci ana yin sa ne tare da shan magungunan da likita ya ba da, kula da lafiyar jiki da sa ido kan abinci, don magance cutar da inganta rayuwar mutum.

Bugu da kari, ana iya amfani da tiyata a wasu yanayi, musamman ma lokacin da ake toshewar magudanar ruwa ko lokacin da matsaloli masu nasaba da numfashi ke faruwa.

1. Amfani da magunguna

Ana amfani da magunguna don cystic fibrosis tare da nufin hana kamuwa da cuta, barin mutum ya numfasa cikin sauƙi da guje wa bayyanar wasu alamu. Don haka, manyan magungunan da likita zai iya nunawa sune:

• Enzymes na Pancreatic, wanda dole ne ayi amfani da shi ta hanyar magana, kuma wanda ke nufin sauƙaƙe aikin narkewa da kuma shayar da abubuwan gina jiki;
• Maganin rigakafi don magancewa da hana kamuwa da cutar huhu;
• Bronchodilators, wanda ke taimakawa wajen buɗe hanyoyin iska da annashuwa ga tsoffin ƙwayoyin cuta;
• Mucolytics don taimakawa sakin gamsai;

A cikin yanayin da tsarin numfashi ya kara lalacewa kuma mai haƙuri yana da rikitarwa kamar mashako ko ciwon huhu, alal misali, ƙila yana buƙatar karɓar iskar oxygen ta cikin abin rufe fuska. Yana da mahimmanci a bi maganin da likitan ya nuna bisa ga takardar magani don rayuwar mutum ta inganta.

2. Karbuwa ga abinci

Kulawa da abinci mai gina jiki a cikin cystic fibrosis yana da mahimmanci, tunda ya zama ruwan dare ga waɗannan marasa lafiya su sami wahalar samun nauyi da girma, ƙarancin abinci mai gina jiki kuma, wani lokacin, rashin abinci mai gina jiki. Sabili da haka, yana da mahimmanci a ba da shawara ga mai gina jiki don ƙara cin abinci da ƙarfafa tsarin garkuwar jiki, yaƙi da cututtuka. Don haka, abincin wanda yake fama da cutar cystic fibrosis ya kamata:

• Kasancewa mai wadatar da adadin kuzari, tunda mara lafiyar baya iya narke dukkan abincin da yake ci;
• Kasance mai wadataccen mai da furotin saboda marasa lafiya basu da dukkan enzymes masu narkewa kuma suma suna rasa wadannan abubuwan gina jiki a cikin kujeru;
• Kasance tare da sinadaran bitamin A, D, E da K, don haka mai haƙuri yana da dukkan abubuwan gina jiki da suke buƙata.

Abincin ya kamata ya fara da zaran an gano cututtukan cystic, kuma an daidaita su bisa ga canjin cutar. Learnara koyo game da ciyarwa don cystic fibrosis.

3. Zaman gyaran jiki

Magungunan shan magani da nufin taimakawa sakin asirin, inganta musayar gas a cikin huhu, share hanyoyin iska da haɓaka ƙarewa, ta hanyar motsa jiki da na'urori.Bugu da kari, ilimin likitanci yana kuma taimakawa wajan hada gabobin da tsokoki na kirji, baya da kafaɗu ta hanyar motsa jiki.

Likitan kwantar da hankali ya kamata ya kula da daidaita dabarun daidai da bukatun mutum don samun kyakkyawan sakamako. Yana da mahimmanci ayi magani na jiki daga lokacin da aka gano cutar, kuma ana iya yin sa a gida ko a ofis.

4. Yin tiyata

Lokacin da magani tare da magani bai isa ba don taimakawa bayyanar cututtuka da hana ci gaban cuta, likita na iya nuna buƙatar ƙwayar huhu. Bugu da ƙari, ana iya nuna tiyata yayin da ƙoshin hanci ya toshe wata mashiga, ta tsangwama ga aikin ƙwayoyin cuta. Fahimci yadda ake yin dashen huhu da lokacin da ya zama dole.