Abin da ke haifar da gunaguni na zuciya da yadda za a magance ta

Wadatacce

• Babban bayyanar cututtuka
• Abin da ke haifar da gunaguni na zuciya
• Yarinya tayi gunaguni
• Gunaguni na zuciya a cikin manya
• Yadda za a bi da
• Jiyya tare da magunguna
• Jiyya tare da tiyata
• Zuciyar zuciya cikin ciki

Gunaguni sauti ne na rikicewar rikicewar jini yayin wucewa ta cikin zuciya, yayin ketare bawul ɗinsa ko karo da tsokoki. Ba kowane gunaguni yake nuna cututtukan zuciya ba, kamar yadda yake faruwa a cikin mutane masu lafiya da yawa, kasancewar, a waɗannan halayen, ana kiransu gunaguni na ilimin lissafi ko aiki.

Koyaya, gunaguni na iya nuna lahani a cikin bawul na zuciya, a cikin jijiyoyin zuciya ko wata cuta da ke sauya saurin gudan jini, kamar zazzaɓin zazzaɓi, ƙarancin jini, ɓarkewar mitral ko kuma cututtukan da ke haifar mutum, misali.

A wasu lokuta waɗannan yanayi na iya haifar da alamomi kamar rashin ƙarfi na numfashi, kumburi a jiki da bugun zuciya da kuma, a cikin waɗannan yanayi, ya kamata a gudanar da magani da wuri-wuri, ta amfani da ƙwayoyi ko yin tiyata, ƙarƙashin jagorancin likitan zuciyar.

Babban bayyanar cututtuka

Gabaɗaya, gunaguni na zuciya baya tare da wasu alamu ko alamomin, kuma kasancewar shi kaɗai ba mai tsanani bane. Koyaya, lokacin da gunaguni ya faru ta hanyar cutar da ke haifar da matsaloli a cikin aikin zuciya, alamun cuta na iya bayyana waɗanda ke nuna matsaloli a cikin harba jini da kuma shaƙar ƙwayoyin jikin.

Wasu daga cikin manyan alamun sune:

• Ofarancin numfashi;
• Tari;
• Palpitations;
• Rashin ƙarfi.

A cikin jarirai, abu ne na yau da kullun a lura da wahalar shayarwa, rauni da kasancewar bakin da hannaye masu tsafta, kuma wannan ya samo asali ne daga wahalar iskar oxygen da ke cikin jini, tunda zuciya ba ta aiki daidai.

Abin da ke haifar da gunaguni na zuciya

Gunaguni na zuciya alama ce, wanda zai iya zama ilimin lissafi, amma kuma yana iya nuna wani nau'i na canji ko cuta, don dalilai daban-daban, duka cikin manya da yara.

Yarinya tayi gunaguni

A cikin jarirai da yara, babban abin da ke haifar da gunaguni ba shi da kyau kuma yana ɓacewa a kan lokaci, yawanci saboda rashin ci gaban sassan zuciya, wanda zai iya zama ba daidai ba.

Koyaya, hakanan yana iya faruwa saboda kasancewar wata cuta a cikin samuwar zuciya, wanda an riga an haifa tare da yaro, saboda cututtukan kwayoyin halitta ko tsaka-tsakin juna biyun yayin daukar ciki, kamar kamuwa da cutar rubella, amfani da wasu magunguna, shan giya ko amfani da miyagun ƙwayoyi ta hanyar mai ciki. Akwai nau'ikan da yawa, amma mafi yawan lahani da zasu iya haifar da numfashi sune:

• Laifi a cikin ɗakuna ko bawul na zuciya, kamar su mitral valve prolapse, bicuspid aortic valve, aortic stenosis ko aortic coarctation, misali;
• Sadarwa tsakanin ɗakunan zuciya, wanda zai iya faruwa saboda jinkiri ko lahani a cikin rufe tsokoki na ɗakunan zuciya, kuma wasu misalai sune naci na ductus arteriosus, interatrial ko interventricular sadarwa, lahani a cikin atrioventricular septum da tetralogy na Fallot.

Yanayi mai sauƙi na iya kulawa ta likitan zuciyar yara, ko inganta tare da amfani da ƙwayoyi, kamar ƙwayoyi masu kashe kumburi, waɗanda aka yi amfani da su cikin nacin ductus arteriosus. Koyaya, lokacin da canjin ya kasance mai tsanani, zuwa ma'anar haifar da alamomi irin su baki da gabobin hannu, yana da mahimmanci a tsara tiyata.

Learnara koyo game da yadda ake gano cututtukan zuciya na cikin jiki.

Gunaguni na zuciya a cikin manya

Gunaguni na zuciya a cikin manya kuma baya nuna kasancewar cuta, kuma, a yawancin halaye, yana yiwuwa a iya rayuwa tare dashi kwata-kwata, kuma har ma ana iya motsa jiki bayan motsawar likitan zuciya. Koyaya, kasancewar wannan alamar na iya nuna kasancewar canji, kamar:

• Rage daya ko fiye da bawul din zuciya, wanda ake kira stenosis, saboda cututtuka irin su zazzabin rheumatic, calcification saboda tsufa, ƙari ko kumburi saboda kamuwa da ciwon zuciya, misali, wanda ke hana shigar jini kyauta yayin bugun zuciya;
• Rashin wadatar bawul ɗaya ko fiye, saboda cututtuka irin su yaduwar bawul na mitral, zazzabin rheumatic, dilation ko hauhawar jini na zuciya ko wani nau'in canji wanda ke hana daidaituwar rufe bawuloli yayin bugun zuciya;
• Cututtukan da suke canza jini, kamar karancin jini ko hawan jini, wanda ke sa jini ya rika juyawa yayin wucewarsa.

Babban likita ko likitan zuciya ne zai iya yin bincike game da gunaguni na zuciya yayin bincike na asibiti game da neman zuciya, kuma ana tabbatar da hakan ta hanyar gwajin hoto, kamar su echocardiography.

Yadda za a bi da

A mafi yawan lokuta, maganin gunaguni na zuciya ba dole bane, tare da bin kowane watanni 6 ko 12 tare da likitan zuciya. Koyaya, idan akwai alamomi ko alamomin asibiti na kowace cuta, zuciya tana buƙatar magani, ta amfani da ƙwayoyi ko tiyata.

Jiyya tare da magunguna

Jiyya ya ƙunshi magunguna don sarrafa matsa lamba da sauƙaƙe aikin zuciya, tare da magungunan da ke sarrafa yawan su kamar propranolol, metoprolol, verapamil ko digoxin, wanda ke rage tarin ruwaye a cikin huhu, kamar su diuretics, wanda ke sarrafa matsa lamba da sauƙaƙe wucewar jini ta cikin tasoshin, kamar su hydralazine da enalapril.

Jiyya tare da tiyata

Ana nuna tiyata ta likitan zuciya da likitan zuciya, bayan kimanta dalilai kamar alamomin da ba su inganta da magani, tsananin lahani a cikin zuciya da kasantuwar wasu alamu, kamar naƙasar zuciya ko arrhythmia.

Zaɓuɓɓukan aikin tiyata sune:

• Gyaran balan-balan na bawul, wanda aka yi tare da gabatarwar catheter da ƙarancin balan-balan, kasancewar ana nuna shi sosai don shari'ar taƙaitawa;
• Gyara ta hanyar tiyata, wanda aka yi tare da buɗe kirji da zuciya don gyara lahani a cikin bawul din ko tsoka;
• Tiyata mai sauya bawul, wanda za'a iya maye gurbinsa ta roba ko bawul ɗin ƙarfe.

Nau'in tiyata kuma ya bambanta bisa ga kowane yanayi kuma tare da shawarar likitan zuciya da likitan zuciya.

Farkon dawowa daga tiyatar zuciya yawanci ana yin shi a cikin ICU na kimanin kwana 1 zuwa 2. Sannan za a ci gaba da shigar da mutum asibiti, inda za a yi masa gwaje-gwajen likitocin zuciya har sai ya je gida, inda zai kwashe wasu makonni ba tare da wata wahala ba kuma ya murmure.

Yayin lokacin murmurewa, yana da mahimmanci a kiyaye tare da cin abinci mai kyau da lafiyar jiki. Nemi ƙarin bayani game da aikin tiyatar zuciya.

Zuciyar zuciya cikin ciki

A cikin matan da ke da wata irin larurar zuciya ko taushi gunaguni, ciki na iya haifar da nakasuwar asibiti, yana haifar da alamomi kamar ƙarancin numfashi da bugun zuciya. Wannan saboda, a wannan lokacin, ana samun ƙaruwar girman jini da adadin jini da zuciya ke harbawa, wanda ke buƙatar ƙarin aiki da gaɓar. Nemi ƙarin game da menene dalilan da zasu iya haifar da ƙarancin numfashi a cikin ciki.

A waɗannan yanayin, ana iya yin magani tare da magani don sarrafa alamun, kuma idan babu ci gaba kuma aikin tiyata ya zama dole, zai fi dacewa a yi shi bayan watanni biyu na biyu, lokacin da ciki ya fi kwanciyar hankali.