Thyroiditis: menene menene, manyan nau'ikan da alamun

Wadatacce

• 1. Ciwan thyroid na Hashimoto
• 2. Quervain na maganin thyroid
• 3. Lymphocytic thyroiditis
• 4. Ciwan thyroid na Riedel
• 5. Sauran cututtukan thyroid

Thyroiditis shine ƙonewar glandar thyroid wanda zai iya faruwa saboda yanayi da yawa, kamar canje-canje a cikin rigakafi, kamuwa da cuta ko amfani da magunguna, misali, wanda zai iya faruwa ta wata hanya mai saurin gaske, wanda juyin halitta yake da sauri, ko a hanya ta yau da kullun, saboda cewa kumburi yana faruwa a hankali.

Yayinda kumburin kalandar ke faruwa, alamu da alamomi na iya bayyana, kamar ciwo a wuya, wahalar haɗiye, zazzabi da sanyi, kuma yana iya haifar da sakamako kamar hypothyroidism ko hyperthyroidism.

Yana da mahimmanci a gano cutar ta thyroiditis da kuma magance ta da zarar alamomi da alamomi na farko suka bayyana, kamar yadda a wasu lokuta akwai babban damar samun waraka. Maganin cututtukan thyroiditis yana nunawa ta endocrinologist kuma ya bambanta dangane da dalilin kuma, sakamakon haka, nau'in thyroiditis.

Dangane da abin da ke haifar da kumburi na thyroid, ana iya rarraba thyroiditis zuwa wasu nau'ikan, manyan sune:

1. Ciwan thyroid na Hashimoto

Hashimoto's thyroiditis shine mafi yawan cututtukan thyroiditis na yau da kullun kuma ya fi dacewa ga mata masu shekaru 30 zuwa 50, kodayake yana iya bayyana a kowane matakin rayuwa. Hashimoto's thyroiditis cuta ce ta autoimmune wanda jiki ke samar da kwayoyi wadanda suka kawo karshen afkawa cikin kwayoyin halittar ka, haifar da kumburi, canje-canje a cikin aikin su da kuma rage kira na kwayoyin hormones.

Babban bayyanar cututtuka: babban alamar ita ce ta ƙara girman thyroid, wanda aka fi sani da goiter, kuma ba abu ne da ke haifar da ciwo ba. Hakanan akwai alamun bayyanar cututtuka na hypothyroidism, kamar gajiya, bacci, busassun fata da rashin natsuwa, alal misali, duk da haka, yana iya canzawa tare da lokutan hauhawar jini, tare da alamun bayyanar cututtuka kamar bugun zuciya, rashin barci da kuma rage nauyi.

Jiyya: an kafa magani ta hanyar endocrinologist kuma yawanci ana nuna maye gurbin hormone, tare da amfani da Levothyroxine, duk da haka, nuni yana dogara da ƙimar aikin aikin thyroid, wanda za'a iya tabbatar dashi ta hanyar TSH da gwajin jini na T4 kyauta.

Ara koyo game da thyroiditis na Hashimoto.

2. Quervain na maganin thyroid

Quadvain's thyroiditis na faruwa ne sakamakon kamuwa da ƙwayoyin cuta, kamar su cutar ƙura, mura, adenovirus, ecovirus ko Coxsackie, alal misali, sun fi yawa ga mata daga shekara 30 zuwa 50. Wannan cuta tana haifar da kumburi mai zafi a jikin ka da lalata kwayar halittar ta.

Babban bayyanar cututtuka: ciwo a yankin thyroid, wanda zai iya haskakawa zuwa muƙamuƙi ko kunnuwa. Glandar na iya dan kara girma, ta haifar da ciwon makogwaro da wahalar hadiya. Hakanan za'a iya samun alamun cututtukan kamuwa da cuta na numfashi, kamar su tari da samar da ɓoyayyen abu.

Jiyya: magani ga wannan nau'in thyroiditis ana yin shi tare da kwayoyi don sauƙaƙe alamomin, musamman tare da magungunan anti-inflammatory, kamar Naproxen, misali. A cikin yanayi mai tsanani ko ci gaba na alamun, mai amfani da corticosteroids, kamar Prednisone, na iya nuna ta ƙwararren masanin.

Don tabbatar da wannan nau'in thyroiditis, likita na iya yin odar gwaje-gwaje irin su ESR, wanda ke gano kasancewar kumburi, ban da gwajin ɗaukar iodine na rediyoaktif, wanda ke tantance aikin aikin karoid. Idan har yanzu akwai shakku, likita na iya yin huda na maganin kawan, wanda zai iya kawar da wasu dalilan, kamar su mafitsara ko kansar misali. Ara koyo game da gwaje-gwajen da ke kimanta cutar thyroid.

3. Lymphocytic thyroiditis

Lymphocytic thyroiditis, wanda aka fi sani da shiru ko mara zafi, kuma ana haifar da shi ne ta hanyar motsa jiki, inda kwayoyin cuta da ake samarwa a cikin jiki ke kai hari ga thyroid, kasancewar sunfi kowa a cikin mata daga shekara 30 zuwa 60.

Babban bayyanar cututtuka. A wasu lokuta, ana iya samun ɗan gajeren lokaci na hypothyroidism.

Jiyya: lymphocytic thyroiditis ba shi da takamaiman magani, kuma ana nuna ikon alamun cututtukan hyperthyroidism. A wasu lokuta, likita na iya ba da shawarar yin amfani da magunguna kamar Propranolol don sarrafa bugun zuciya a cikin hyperthyroidism ko maye gurbin homon a cikin yanayin hypothyroid, misali.

4. Ciwan thyroid na Riedel

Riedel's thyroiditis, wanda aka fi sani da fibrotic thyroiditis, wani nau'i ne mai saurin ciwan thyroiditis wanda ke haifar da raunin thyroid da fibrosis a hankali kuma a hankali, wanda zai iya haifar da hypothyroidism.

Babban bayyanar cututtuka: Riedel's thyroiditis yana haifar da kara girman ciwon mara, amma yana iya haifar da jin nauyi a wuya, wahalar hadiyewa, tsukewa, jin shaƙa da gajeren numfashi.

Jiyya: magani don wannan nau'in thyroiditis ana yin shi tare da kwayoyi don rage ayyukan kumburi, kamar corticosteroids, Tamoxifen ko Methotrexate, misali. Hakanan likita na iya nuna maye gurbin hormone na thyroid, lokacin da aikin aikin ka ya lalace, da tiyata, idan alamun alamun matsewar iska suna da ƙarfi.

5. Sauran cututtukan thyroid

Sauran cututtukan da ba na yau da kullun ba sun hada da wadanda ke haifar da maye tare da wasu magunguna, kamar su chemotherapy ko Amiodarone misali. Actinic thyroiditis yana haifar da maganin radiation a cikin yankin wuyansa, wanda zai iya haifar da kumburi ko hana aikin kwayar cutar thyroid.

Hakanan akwai cututtukan thyroid da ake samu sakamakon kamuwa daga cututtukan staphylococcus ko kwayar cuta ta streptococcus, ko fungi, kamar su Aspergillus ko Candida, misali, ko ma ta wasu cututtukan parasites da mycobacteria.