Euthanasia: Fahimtar Gaskiya

Wadatacce

• Shin akwai nau'ikan daban-daban?
• Taimakawa kashe kansa vs. euthanasia
• Mai aiki vs. m
• Ba da son rai ba
• Shin halalcin euthanasia?
• Gaskiyar Euthanasia
• Ra'ayoyin
• Yawaita
• Rikici game da euthanasia
• Dabi'a da addini
• Hukuncin likita
• Xa'a
• Zabin mutum
• Nasihu don yanke shawara

Menene euthanasia?

Euthanasia yana nufin kawo ƙarshen rayuwar wani da gangan, yawanci don sauƙaƙa wahala. Wasu lokuta likitoci suna yin euthanasia lokacin da mutanen da ke da cutar ajali suka buƙata kuma suna cikin ciwo mai yawa.

Hanya ce mai rikitarwa kuma ta haɗa da auna abubuwa da yawa. Dokokin cikin gida, lafiyar jikin mutum da ta hankali, da imaninsu da fata duk suna taka rawa.

Karanta don ƙarin koyo game da nau'ikan euthanasia, lokacin da aka yi amfani da su, da kuma inda suke halal.

Shin akwai nau'ikan daban-daban?

Akwai nau'ikan euthanasia da yawa. Abin da aka zaba ya dogara da abubuwa da dama, gami da hangen wani da matakin sane.

Taimakawa kashe kansa vs. euthanasia

Taimakon kashe kansa wani lokacin ana kiransa da taimakon likita kashe kansa (PAS). PAS na nufin likita da sanin ya taimaki wani ya ƙare rayuwarsa. Wannan mutumin da alama yana fuskantar wahala mai ɗorewa da rashin daɗewa. Hakanan wataƙila sun sami cutar rashin lafiya.Likitan su zai tantance mafi inganci, ba ciwo.

A halin da ake ciki, likitoci zasu samarwa mutane maganin da zasu sha don kawo karshen rayuwarsu. Kashi na mutuwa na opioids, alal misali, ana iya tsara shi don wannan. A ƙarshe, ya rage wa mutum ya yanke shawara ko sun sha ƙwaya.

Tare da euthanasia, ana ba da izinin likita don ƙare rayuwar mutum ta hanyoyi marasa ciwo. Misali, ana iya amfani da allurar wani magani na mutuwa.

Mai aiki vs. m

Lokacin da yawancin mutane ke tunanin euthanasia, suna tunanin likita kai tsaye wanda zai kawo ƙarshen rayuwar wani. Wannan sananne ne azaman euthanasia. Da gangan a ba wani kashi na mutuwa na maganin kwantar da hankali ana daukar shi azaman euthanasia.

M wani lokaci ana bayyana euthanasia mai saurin wucewa kamar hanawa ko iyakancewar maganin rayuwa don mutum ya wuce da sauri. Hakanan likita zai iya ba da umarnin ƙara yawan magungunan kashe-zafi. Bayan lokaci, allurai na iya zama mai guba.

Wannan yasa bambancin tsakanin euthanasia mai saurin wucewa da kulawa mai sassauci. Kulawa da jinƙai yana mai da hankali kan sanya mutane cikin kwanciyar hankali kamar yadda zai yiwu a ƙarshen rayuwarsu.

Misali, likita mai kwantar da hankali zai iya ba da damar wani da ke gab da mutuwa ya daina shan shan magani wanda ke haifar da sakamako mara kyau. A wasu lokuta, za su iya ba wa wani damar shan kashi mafi girma na maganin ciwo don magance ciwo mai tsanani. Wannan galibi daidaitaccen ɓangare ne na kulawa mai kyau. Dayawa basuyi la'akari da shi ba euthanasia.

Ba da son rai ba

Idan wani ya yanke shawara mai hankali don neman taimako tare da kawo ƙarshen rayuwarsu, ana ɗaukarsa na son rai euthanasia. Dole ne mutum ya ba da cikakkiyar yardarsu kuma ya nuna cewa sun fahimci abin da zai faru sosai.

Euthanasia mara son rai ya shafi wani wanda yake yanke shawarar kawo ƙarshen rayuwar wani. Wani dangi na kusa yakan yanke shawara. Ana yin wannan gabaɗaya yayin da wani ya kasance a sume ko kuma ya kasa aiki har abada. Yawanci ya ƙunshi euthanasia mai wucewa, kamar janye tallafin rai daga wanda ba ya nuna alamun aikin kwakwalwa.

Shin halalcin euthanasia?

Mutane sun yi ta muhawara kan ɗabi'a da halaccin euthanasia da PAS tsawon ƙarni. A yau, dokoki game da euthanasia da PAS sun bambanta a tsakanin jihohi da ƙasashe.

A Amurka, PAS halal ne a cikin:

• Washington
• Oregon
• Kalifoniya
• Colorado
• Montana
• Vermont
• Washington, D.C.
• Hawaii (farawa a 2019)

Kowane ɗayan waɗannan jihohin da Washington, DC suna da buƙatun doka daban-daban. Ba kowace shari'ar PAS ce ta shari'a ba. Bugu da kari, jihohi da yawa a halin yanzu suna da matakan PAS a kan kuri'un majalisar dokoki, don haka wannan jerin na iya bunkasa.

A wajen Amurka, PAS ya halatta a cikin:

• Switzerland
• Jamus
• Japan

Euthanasia, gami da PAS, ya halatta a ƙasashe da yawa, gami da:

• Netherlands
• Belgium
• Luxembourg
• Kolombiya
• Kanada

Gaskiyar Euthanasia

Euthanasia batun batun ci gaba ne. An yi kyakkyawan bincike da yawa game da ra'ayoyin mutane game da shi da kuma yadda ake amfani da shi a zahiri.

Ra'ayoyin

Wani ƙididdigar da aka yi a 2013 a cikin New England Journal of Medicine ya gano cewa kashi 65 na mutanen a cikin ƙasashe 74 suna adawa da PAS. A Amurka, kashi 67 na mutane suna adawa da shi.

Koyaya, rinjaye a cikin ƙasashe 11 daga cikin 74 sun kaɗa ƙuri’ar amincewa da PAS. Bugu da kari, mafi yawan masu jefa kuri'a a cikin jihohin Amurka 18 sun nuna goyon baya ga PAS. Washington da Oregon, waɗanda suka halatta PAS a lokacin zaɓen, ba sa cikin waɗannan jihohin 18. Wannan yana nuna cewa ra'ayoyi game da euthanasia da PAS suna saurin canzawa.

Zuwa 2017, wani binciken Gallup ya sami babban canjin halaye a cikin Amurka. Kusan kashi uku cikin huɗu na mutanen da aka bincika sun goyi bayan euthanasia. Wani kaso 67 kuma ya ce ya kamata a bar likitoci su taimaka wa marassa lafiyar da kunar bakin wake.

Wani abin sha’awa shi ne, wani bincike da aka yi a Burtaniya ya gano cewa akasarin likitocin ba sa goyon bayan euthanasia da PAS na son rai. Babban adawarsu ta ta'allaka ne da al'amuran addini.

Yawaita

A cikin ƙasashe inda doka take, wani euthanasia da aka samu ya kai kashi 0.3 zuwa 4.6 na mutuwar. Fiye da kashi 70 na waɗanda suka mutu suna da alaƙa da cutar kansa.

Binciken ya kuma gano cewa a Washington da Oregon, likitoci sun rubuta kasa da kashi 1 cikin 100 na takardun magani don taimakawa kashe kansa.

Rikici game da euthanasia

Akwai maganganu da yawa duka don da adawa da euthanasia da PAS. Yawancin waɗannan muhawara suna cikin manyan rukuni huɗu:

Dabi'a da addini

Wasu mutane sunyi imanin cewa euthanasia kisan kai ne kuma suna ganin rashin yarda da shi saboda dalilai na ɗabi'a. Da yawa kuma suna jayayya cewa ikon yanke hukuncin mutuwar ku yana raunana mutuncin rayuwa. Kari akan haka, coci da yawa, kungiyoyin addinai, da kungiyoyin addini suna jayayya da euthanasia saboda dalilai iri daya.

Hukuncin likita

PAS doka ce kawai idan wani yana da ikon yin zaɓi. Koyaya, ƙayyade ikon tunanin mutum ba madaidaiciya ba ne. Foundaya ya gano cewa likitoci ba koyaushe ke iya fahimtar lokacin da wani ya dace ya yanke shawara ba.

Xa'a

Wasu likitoci da masu adawa da PAS suna damuwa game da rikitarwa na ɗabi'a da likitoci zasu iya fuskanta. Fiye da shekaru 2,500, likitoci sun sha rantsuwa da Hippocratic. Wannan rantsuwa tana karfafa gwiwar likitoci su kula kuma kar su cutar da wadanda suke karkashin kulawarsu.

Wasu suna jayayya cewa rantsuwa ta Hippocratic tana goyon bayan PAS tunda ya kawo ƙarshen wahala kuma ba ya kawo wata illa. A gefe guda, wasu mahawara suna haifar da cutarwa ga mutum da ƙaunatattunsa, waɗanda dole ne su kalli ƙaunataccensu yana shan wahala.

Zabin mutum

"Mutuwa da mutunci" motsi ne da ke ƙarfafa majalisu don ba mutane damar yanke shawarar yadda suke son mutuwa. Wasu mutane kawai ba sa son su shiga cikin dogon mutuwa, galibi saboda damuwa da nauyin da ya ɗora wa ƙaunatattun su.

Nasihu don yanke shawara

Yin yanke shawara game da PAS don kanka ko ƙaunataccen yana da matukar wahala, koda kuwa kowa yana cikin cikakkiyar yarjejeniya.

Hospungiyar Kula da Lafiya ta Nationalasa da Careungiyar Kula da Lafiya suna ba da albarkatun kyauta da yawa akan rukunin yanar gizon su ta hanyar shirin su na CaringInfo. An tsara wannan shirin don taimakawa mutane suyi lamuran lamuran ƙarshen rayuwa, daga dokokin ƙasa zuwa neman tallafi na ruhaniya.

Har ila yau, Cibiyar Kula da Tsufa tana da manyan albarkatu. Suna ba da mahimman tambayoyi don tambaya da nasihu don tattaunawa da likitoci da sauran ƙwararrun likitocin game da ƙarshen rayuwa.