, tsarin rayuwa da magani

Wadatacce

• Babban bayyanar cututtuka
• Yaya ganewar asali
• Tsarin rayuwa Wuchereria bancrofti
• Yadda za a hana
• Yadda ake yin maganin

NA Wuchereria bancrofti, ko W. bancrofti, shine kwayar cutar da ke da alhakin filariasis na lymphatic, wanda aka fi sani da elephantiasis, wanda shine cuta mafi yawan gaske a yankuna na yanayin zafi da ɗumi, galibi a Arewa da Arewa maso gabashin Brazil.

Ana daukar wannan kwayar cutar ta hanyar cizon sauro na jinsin halittar Culex sp. kamuwa da cutar, wanda ke sakin ƙwayoyin cuta masu yaduwa a cikin jinin mutum yayin da suke tafiya zuwa tasoshin lymphatic, wanda ke haifar da martani mai kumburi da alamomin alamomin filariasis na lymphatic, kamar kumburin kafa, hannu, ko wani yanki na jiki inda parasite ɗin yake yanzu, zazzabi da ciwon tsoka, misali.

Babban bayyanar cututtuka

Wasu mutane na iya kamuwa ta W. bancrofti kuma kar a nuna wasu alamu da alamomin kamuwa da cuta, domin a wadannan yanayin manyan tsutsotsi na iya mutuwa a kawar da su, ba tare da alamun sun bunkasa ba. Koyaya, wasu mutane na iya fuskantar alamun kamuwa da cuta, manyan sune:

• Zazzaɓi;
• Jin sanyi;
• Inara yawan ƙwayoyin lymph, lokacin da m ya isa sarkar lymfatic;
• Kumburin wani yanki, wanda aka fi sani da suna elephantiasis, wanda ke iya shafar ƙafafu, akasarin mahaifa ko ƙirji;
• Kasancewar lissafi da ɓarna saboda mutuwar manyan ƙwayoyin cuta;
• Inara yawan eosinophils a cikin jini, wanda aka sani da eosinophilia, wanda ke faruwa sakamakon sakamakon kasancewar m a cikin jiki.

Kari akan haka, yana yiwuwa wasu mutane su kamu da cutar ta biyu ta kwayoyin cuta Streptococcus sp., tun kamuwa da cuta ta W. bancrofti ya bar tsarin garkuwar jiki ya fi damuwa. Duba sauran alamomi da alamomin kamuwa da cutar ta Wuchereria bancrofti.

Yaya ganewar asali

Ganewar kamuwa da cuta ta Wuchereria bancrofti ana yin sa ne ta hanyar gwaje-gwajen dakunan gwaje-gwaje, tunda ganewar asali ta hanyar alamomin, a mafi yawan lokuta, mai wahala ne, saboda cutar na iya zama mai rashin lafiyar jiki ko kuma yana da alamomin kamannin sauran cututtuka.

Ana yin binciken ne a dakin gwaje-gwaje ta hanyar binciken microfilariae a cikin jini gefe, yana da mahimmanci a tara jini da daddare, saboda a cikin dare ne ake samun m a cikin mafi girman nitsuwa a cikin jini, yana ba da damar ganowar.

Bayan an tattara, ana aika jinin zuwa dakin gwaje-gwaje don yin nazari ta cikin dusar mai kauri, wanda wata dabara ce da ke ba da damar gani da ƙidayar microfilariae tsakanin ƙwayoyin jini. Bugu da kari, ana iya aiwatar da wasu dabarun bincike, kamar PCR da gwaje-gwajen rigakafi don gano kwayoyin antigens ko kwayoyin kariya daga cutar.

Tsarin rayuwa Wuchereria bancrofti

Wuchereria bancrofti yana da siffofin juyin halitta guda biyu, microfilaria da kuma tsutsa mai girma. Microfilaria ya dace da yanayin ƙarancin yara kuma shine sifar da ake samu a cikin hanyoyin jini da lymph node, yayin da sigar girma ta ƙwayar ta kasance a cikin jijiyoyin lymfa kuma suna samar da ƙarin microfilariae, waɗanda aka sakasu cikin jini.

NA Wuchereria bancrofti tana da tsarin rayuwa guda biyu, daya a cikin sauro wani kuma a cikin mutane. Sauro Culex quinquefasciatus, yayin cizon wanda ya kamu da cutar, yana sanya microfilariae, wanda ake kira L1, wanda ke bunkasa na tsawon kwanaki 14 zuwa 21 a cikin hanjin sauro har zuwa matakin L3 sannan yayi ƙaura zuwa baki.

Lokacin cizon wani mutum, sauro yana watsa kwayar L3, wanda ke ƙaura zuwa tasoshin kwayar halitta da ci gaba har zuwa matakin L5, wanda ya dace da matakin balagagge da jima'i. L5 tsutsa, bayan lokacin shiryawa, zai fara sakin microfilariae da ke yawo a cikin jini.

Yadda za a hana

Rigakafin kamuwa da cuta ta Wuchereria bancrofti ta hanyar matakai ne na hana haifuwa da cizon sauro da ke da alhakin yaduwar cutar, ana ba da shawarar yin amfani da musketeers, amfani da masu tsaftacewa da guje wa tsayayyen ruwa, misali. Bugu da kari, yana da mahimmanci a saka jari a matakan tsabtace muhalli, saboda yana yiwuwa kuma a guji sauro.

Yadda ake yin maganin

Jiyya don W. bancrofti ya kamata ayi bisa ga umarnin likitan, yawanci ana bada shawarar yin amfani da Diethylcarbamazine na kimanin kwanaki 12. Wannan maganin shine mafi dacewa don magance wannan ƙwayar cuta, tunda tana yin aiki ne akan ƙwayar tsutsa da ta microfilariae.

A wasu lokuta ana iya ba da shawarar yin amfani da Ivermectin, amma wannan maganin ba ya aiki da tsutsotsi na manya, kawai a kan microfilariae.