Maganin rashin lafiyan

Hanyoyin rashin lafiyan sune kulawar abubuwan da ake kira allergens wadanda suke haduwa da fata, hanci, idanu, hanyoyin numfashi, da kuma hanyoyin hanji. Ana iya hura su cikin huhu, haɗiya, ko allura.

Rashin lafiyan na kowa ne. Amsar rigakafi wanda ke haifar da rashin lafiyan kama yake da amsawar da ke haifar da zazzabin hay. Yawancin halayen suna faruwa ba da daɗewa ba bayan an taɓa mu'amala da wata cuta.

Yawancin halayen rashin lafiyan suna da sauƙi, yayin da wasu na iya zama mai tsanani da barazanar rai. Ana iya tsare su a cikin wani karamin yanki na jiki, ko kuma suna iya shafar dukkan jiki. Siffa mafi tsananin ana kiranta anafilaxis ko girgizar rashin ƙarfi. Hanyoyin rashin lafiyan na faruwa sau da yawa a cikin mutanen da ke da tarihin rashin lafiyar iyali.

Abubuwan da basu dame yawancin mutane ba (kamar dafin daga ƙudan zuma da wasu abinci, magunguna, da pollens) na iya haifar da halayen rashin lafiyan wasu mutane.

Fuskantar lokaci na farko na iya haifar da da ɗan motsawa kawai. Maimaita bayyanawa na iya haifar da halayen da suka fi tsanani. Da zarar mutum ya sami kamuwa ko cutar rashin lafiyan (yana da hankali), koda iyakantaccen yanayi zuwa ƙaramin ƙwayar cuta zai iya haifar da mummunan aiki.

Yawancin halayen rashin lafiyan da ke faruwa a cikin sakan ko mintuna bayan kamuwa da cutar. Wasu halayen na iya faruwa bayan awanni da yawa, musamman idan alaƙar ta haifar da wani abu bayan an ci ta. A cikin wasu lamurra da ba kasafai ake samun su ba, ana yin tasiri bayan awa 24.

Anaphylaxis wani abu ne mai haɗari da haɗari wanda ke faruwa tsakanin minutesan mintina kaɗan. Ana buƙatar gaggawa na gaggawa don wannan yanayin. Ba tare da magani ba, anafilaxis na iya zama mafi sauri da sauri har ya kai ga mutuwa a cikin minti 15.

Abubuwan rashin lafiyan gama gari sun haɗa da:

• Wankin dabba
• Staƙƙarfar kudan zuma ko ƙura daga wasu kwari
• Abinci, musamman kwayoyi, kifi, da kifin kifi
• Cizon kwari
• Magunguna
• Shuke-shuke
• Pollens

Kwayoyin cututtuka na yau da kullun na rashin lafiyar rashin lafiya sun hada da:

• Hites (musamman a kan wuya da fuska)
• Itching
• Cutar hanci
• Rashes
• Ruwa, jajayen idanu

Kwayar cututtukan cututtuka na matsakaici ko mai tsanani sun haɗa da:

• Ciwon ciki
• Sautunan numfashi mara kyau (mai girma)
• Tashin hankali
• Ciwan kirji ko matsewa
• Tari
• Gudawa
• Wahalar numfashi, shakar iska
• Matsalar haɗiyewa
• Dizziness ko lightheadedness
• Fuska ko jan fuska
• Tashin zuciya ko amai
• Matsaloli
• Kumburin fuska, idanu, ko harshe
• Rashin sani

Don taushi zuwa matsakaici:

Kwantar da hankalin ka ka tabbatarwa da mutumin da abin ya faru. Tashin hankali na iya sa bayyanar cututtuka ta yi muni.

Oƙarin gano mai cutar kuma mutum ya guji ƙarin hulɗa dashi.

1. Idan mutum ya kamu da ciwon kumburi, yi amfani da matattara masu sanyi da kuma kirim mai tsami mai amfani da hydrocortisone.
2. Kalli mutum don alamun kara damuwa.
3. Nemi taimakon likita. Don ɗan ƙaramin amsa, mai ba da sabis na kiwon lafiya na iya ba da shawarar magunguna marasa kan -toci, kamar antihistamines.

Don tsananin rashin lafiyan jiki (anaphylaxis):

Duba hanyar iska, numfashi, da zagayawa na mutum (ABC's na Basic Life Support). Alamar faɗakarwa game da kumburin maƙogwaron mai haɗari murya ce mai raɗaɗi ko raɗaɗi, ko ƙararraki lokacin da mutum yake numfashi a cikin iska. Idan ya cancanta, fara ceton numfashi da CPR.

1. Kira 911 ko lambar gaggawa ta gida.
2. Kwantar da hankalin ka ka kwantar da hankalin mutumin.
3. Idan rashin lafiyan ya fito ne daga harbin kudan zuma, goge santsin daga fatar da wani abu mai karfi (kamar farce ko katin bashi na roba). Kada ayi amfani da hanzaki - matse sandar zai fitar da dafin da yawa.
4. Idan mutum yana da maganin rashin lafiyar gaggawa (Epinephrine), yi masa aiki a farkon matakin da ya dace. Kada ka jira ka ga idan abin ya daɗa taɓarɓarewa. Guji maganin baka idan mutun na fama da matsalar numfashi.
5. Stepsauki matakai don hana fargaba. Ka sa mutum ya kwanta kwance, ya ɗaga ƙafafun mutum kamar inci 12 (santimita 30), kuma ka rufe su da mayafi ko bargo. Kada ka sanya mutum a wannan matsayin idan ana zargin rauni na kai, wuya, baya, ko ƙafa ko kuma idan hakan na haifar da rashin jin daɗi.

Idan mutum yana fama da rashin lafiyan abu:

• Kar a ɗauka cewa duk wani maganin rashin lafiyan da mutum ya riga ya samu zai samar da cikakkiyar kariya.
• Kada a sanya matashi a ƙarƙashin kan mutum idan yana fama da matsalar numfashi. Wannan na iya toshe hanyoyin iska.
• Kada a ba wa mutum komai ta bakinsa idan mutumin yana fama da matsalar numfashi.

Kira don taimakon likita (911 ko lambar gaggawa ta gida) yanzun nan idan:

• Mutumin yana fama da cutar rashin lafiyan. Kada a jira a ga idan abin da ake yi yana daɗa taɓarɓarewa.
• Mutumin yana da tarihin halayen rashin lafiyan mai tsanani (bincika alamar ID na likita).

Don hana halayen rashin lafiyan:

• Guji abubuwan haddasawa kamar abinci da magunguna waɗanda suka haifar da wani rashin lafiyan a baya. Yi cikakkun tambayoyi game da abubuwan haɗin lokacin da kuke cin abinci daga gida. A Hankali a bincika tambarin sinadarai.
• Idan kuna da ɗa wanda ke rashin lafiyan wasu abinci, gabatar da sabon abinci ɗaya lokaci ɗaya cikin ƙarami kaɗan don ku gane halin rashin lafiyan.
• Mutanen da suka kamu da cutar rashin lafiyan ya kamata su sanya alama ta ID na likita kuma su ɗauki magunguna na gaggawa, kamar su wani nau'in abinci na chlorpheniramine (Chlor-Trimeton), da epinephrine na allurar rigakafin ƙwayar zuma, bisa ga umarnin mai bayarwa.
• Kada kayi amfani da epinephrine dinka na allura akan wani. Suna iya samun yanayi, kamar matsalar zuciya, da wannan maganin zai iya zama mafi muni.

Anaphylaxis; Anaphylaxis - taimakon farko

• Maganin rashin lafiyan
• Dermatographism - kusa-kusa
• Dermatographism akan hannu
• Hives (urticaria) a hannu
• Hives (urticaria) akan kirji
• Hives (urticaria) - kusa-kusa
• Hives (urticaria) a kan akwati
• Dermatographism akan baya
• Dermatographism - hannu
• Maganin rashin lafiyan

Auerbach PS. Maganin rashin lafiyan. A cikin: Auerbach PS, ed. Magani a Waje. Na 6 ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: 64-65.

Barksdale AN, Muelleman RL. Allerji, rashin kuzari, da anaphylaxis. A cikin: Walls RM, Hockberger RS, Gausche-Hill M, eds. Magungunan gaggawa na Rosen: Ka'idoji da Aikin Gwajin Asibiti. 9th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: babi 109.

Custovic A, Tovey E. Allergen kulawa don rigakafi da kula da cututtukan rashin lafiyan. A cikin: Burks AW, Holgate ST, O'Hehir RE, et al, eds. Middleton ta Allergy: Ka'idoji da Ayyuka. 9th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: babi na 84.

Lieberman P, Nicklas RA, Randolph C, et al. Anaphylaxis - sabuntawa ne na 2015. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2015; 115 (5): 341-384. PMID: 26505932 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26505932/.