Rashin sani - taimakon farko

Rashin sani shine lokacin da mutum ya kasa amsawa ga mutane da ayyukan. Likitoci galibi suna kiran wannan waƙafi ko kasancewa cikin mawuyacin hali.

Sauran canje-canje a cikin wayewa na iya faruwa ba tare da sun zama suma ba. Wadannan ana kiransu canza yanayin tunanin mutum ko canza halin tunani. Sun haɗa da rikicewar rikicewa, rikicewa, ko rashin hankali.

Rashin sani ko kowane irin canjin hali na hankali dole ne a kula dashi azaman gaggawa na gaggawa.

Rashin sani na iya haifar da kusan kowace babbar cuta ko rauni. Hakanan za'a iya haifar dashi ta abu (magani) da amfani da giya. Katsewa a kan abu na iya haifar da suma.

Riefan taƙaicewa a sume (ko sumewa) galibi ana samun hakan ne daga rashin ruwa a jiki, ƙarann ​​sukari a cikin jini, ko kuma hawan jini na ɗan lokaci. Hakanan za'a iya haifar dashi ta hanyar zuciya mai tsanani ko matsalolin tsarin damuwa. Likita ne zai tantance idan mutumin da abin ya shafa yana bukatar gwaji.

Sauran dalilan suma suma sun hada da yin rauni yayin motsawar hanji (vasovagal syncope), tari mai karfi, ko numfashi da sauri (hauhawar iska).

Mutumin ba zai amsa ba (ba ya amsawa ga aiki, taɓawa, sauti, ko wani abin motsawa).

Wadannan cututtukan na iya faruwa bayan mutum ya suma:

• Amnesia don (ba tunawa) abubuwan da suka faru kafin, lokacin, har ma bayan lokacin suma
• Rikicewa
• Bacci
• Ciwon kai
• Rashin iya magana ko motsa sassan jiki (alamun bugun jini)
• Haskewar kai
• Asarar hanji ko kulawar mafitsara (rashin nutsuwa)
• Saurin bugun zuciya (bugun zuciya)
• Sannu a hankali bugun zuciya
  
• Stupor (tsananin rikicewa da rauni)

Idan mutumin ya suma daga shaƙewa, alamun cutar na iya haɗawa da:

• Rashin iya magana
• Rashin numfashi
• Numfashi mai amo ko sauti mai ƙarfi yayin numfashi
• Mai rauni, tari mara tasiri
• Launin fata na Bluish

Yin bacci ba daidai yake da rashin sani ba. Mutum mai bacci zai amsa ga amo ko girgiza a hankali. Mutum mara hankali ba zai yi ba.

Idan wani ya farka amma ba faɗakarwa kamar yadda ya saba ba, yi wasu 'yan tambayoyi kaɗan, kamar:

• Menene sunanki?
• Menene kwanan wata?
• Shekaranku nawa?

Amsoshin da ba daidai ba ko rashin amsa tambayar suna ba da shawarar canjin yanayin hankali.

Idan mutum ya kasance a sume ko kuma ya sami canji a yanayin tunaninsa, bi waɗannan matakan taimakon farko:

1. Kira ko gaya wa wani ya yi kira 911.
2. Duba hanyar iska ta mutum, da numfashi, da bugun jini akai-akai. Idan ya cancanta, fara CPR.
3. Idan mutumin yana numfashi kuma yana kwance a bayansu, kuma baku tsammanin akwai rauni na kashin baya, a hankali juya mutumin zuwa gare ku gefen su. Lanƙwasa ƙafa na sama don haka duka gwiwa da gwiwa suna kan kusurwa daidai. A hankali suna karkatar da kawunansu domin kiyaye bude hanyar iska. Idan numfashi ko bugun jini ya tsaya a kowane lokaci, mirgine mutum a bayansa ya fara CPR.
4. Idan kuna tunanin akwai rauni na kashin baya, ku bar mutumin inda kuka same su (idan dai numfashi ya ci gaba). Idan mutum yayi amai, mirgine dukkan jikinsa a lokaci ɗaya zuwa gefen su. Tallafa wuyansu da baya don kiyaye kai da jiki a wuri ɗaya yayin da kuke mirgina.
5. A sanya mutum dumi har sai taimakon likita ya zo.
6. Idan kaga mutum ya suma, yi kokarin hana faduwa. Kwanta mutum a ƙasa ka ɗaga ƙafafunsu kusan inci 12 (santimita 30).
7. Idan suma zai iya kasancewa sanadiyyar karancin sukari a cikin jini, bawa mutum wani abu mai zaki da zai ci ko sha ne kawai lokacin da ya waye.

Idan mutum ya suma daga shaƙewa:

• Fara CPR. Matsalar kirji na iya taimakawa wajen kawar da abin.
• Idan kaga wani abu yana toshe hanyar iska kuma ya kwance, yi kokarin cire shi. Idan abun ya sauka a maƙogwaron mutum, KADA KA gwada shi. Wannan na iya tura abu mafi nisa cikin hanyar iska.
• Ci gaba CPR kuma ci gaba da dubawa don ganin ko abin ya warwatse har sai taimakon likita ya zo.

• KADA KA ba wa wani sume abinci ko abin sha.
• KADA KA bar mutum shi kaɗai.
• KADA KA sanya matashin kai a ƙarƙashin kan mutumin da ba a sani ba.
• KADA KA doki fuskar mutumin da ba a sume ba ko kuma watsa ruwa a fuska don ƙoƙarin rayar da su.

Kira 911 idan mutumin bai sani ba kuma:

• Ba ya dawo cikin sani da sauri (a cikin minti ɗaya)
• Ya faɗi ƙasa ko ya ji rauni, musamman ma idan suna zub da jini
• Yana da ciwon sukari
• Yana da kamuwa
• Batace hanji ko mafitsara ba
• Baya numfashi
• Yana da ciki
• Ya wuce shekaru 50

Kira 911 idan mutumin ya farfaɗo, amma:

• Yana jin zafi na kirji, matsi, ko rashin jin daɗi, ko jin bugawar zuciya ko rashin tsari
• Ba za su iya magana ba, suna da matsalolin gani, ko ba za su iya motsa hannuwansu da ƙafafunsu ba

Don hana zama cikin suma ko suma:

• Guji yanayin da matakin sikarin jininka ya yi ƙasa sosai.
• Guji tsayawa wuri daya da tsayi ba tare da motsi ba, musamman idan mai saurin suma.
• Samu isasshen ruwa, musamman a lokacin dumi.
• Idan ka ji kamar za ka suma, ka kwanta ko ka zauna tare da sunkuyar da kai gaba tsakanin gwiwoyin ka.

Idan kana da yanayin lafiya, kamar ciwon sukari, koyaushe ka sanya abun wuya ko abin wuya na jijjiga na likita.

Rashin sani - taimakon farko; Coma - taimakon farko; Canjin halin hankali; Matsayin hankali ya canza; Syncope - taimakon farko; Faint - taimakon farko

• Cunkushewa a cikin manya - fitarwa
• Rikicewa a cikin manya - abin da za a tambayi likitan ku
• Cunkushewa a cikin yara - fitarwa
• Cutar hankali a cikin yara - abin da za a tambayi likitan ku
• Tsayar da raunin kai a cikin yara

• Matsayin dawowa - jerin

Red Cross ta Amurka. Taimako na Farko / CPR / AED Jagorar Mai Taimakawa. 2nd ed. Dallas, TX: Red Cross ta Amurka; 2016.

Crocco TJ, Meurer WJ. Buguwa A cikin: Walls RM, Hockberger RS, Gausche-Hill M, eds. Magungunan gaggawa na Rosen: Ka'idoji da Aikin Gwajin Asibiti. 9th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: babi na 91.

De Lorenzo RA. Syncope. A cikin: Walls RM, Hockberger RS, Gausche-Hill M, eds. Magungunan gaggawa na Rosen: Ka'idoji da Aikin Gwajin Asibiti. 9th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: babi na 12.

Kleinman ME, Brennan EE, Goldberger ZD, et al. Sashe na 5: tallafi na rayuwar manya da ingancin farfadowa na zuciya: 2015 Associationungiyar Heartungiyar Zuciya ta Americanungiyar updatewararrun Americanwararrun Americanwararrun 2015wararrun 2015wararrun 2015wararrun 2015wararrun 2015wararrun 2015wararrun 2015wararrun 2015wararrun 2015wararrun 2015wararrun 2015wararrun 2015wararru ta Amurka ta 2015 Kewaya. 2015; 132 (18 Sanya 2): S414-S435. PMID: 26472993 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26472993.

Lei C, Smith C. Rashin hankali da rashin lafiya. A cikin: Walls RM, Hockberger RS, Gausche-Hill M, eds. Magungunan gaggawa na Rosen: Ka'idoji da Aikin Gwajin Asibiti. 9th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: babi na 13.