Cutar cututtukan huhu

Cutar cututtukan huhu ta tsakiya (ILD) rukuni ne na cututtukan huhu wanda ƙwayoyin huhun ke kumbura sannan su lalace.

Huhu suna ɗauke da ƙananan jakar iska (alveoli), wanda a nan ne iskar oxygen take. Wadannan jakar iska suna fadada tare da kowane numfashi.

Naman dake kusa da wadannan jakunkunan iska ana kiran sa da suna. A cikin mutanen da ke da cutar huhu ta tsakiya, wannan ƙwayar ta zama mai tauri ko tabo, kuma jakunkunan iska ba za su iya faɗaɗa da yawa ba. A sakamakon haka, ba yawan iskar oxygen zai iya shiga jiki ba.

ILD na iya faruwa ba tare da sanannen sanadi ba. Wannan ana kiransa idiopathic ILD. Idiopathic huhu fibrosis (IPF) shine mafi yawan cututtuka na wannan nau'in.

Hakanan akwai sanannun sanannun sanadin cutar ta ILD, gami da:

• Cututtuka na autoimmune (wanda tsarin rigakafi ke kaiwa ga jiki) kamar lupus, rheumatoid arthritis, sarcoidosis, da scleroderma.
• Harshen huhu saboda numfashi a cikin wani baƙon abu kamar wasu nau'ikan ƙura, naman gwari, ko ƙira (ƙyamar pneumonitis).
• Magunguna (kamar su nitrofurantoin, sulfonamides, bleomycin, amiodarone, methotrexate, gold, infliximab, etanercept, da sauran magungunan chemotherapy).
• Maganin radiation zuwa kirji.
• Yin aiki tare ko kusa da asbestos, ƙurar kwal, ƙurar auduga, da ƙurar silica (wanda ake kira cututtukan huhu na aiki).

Shan taba sigari na iya kara barazanar kamuwa da wasu nau'ikan cutar ta ILD kuma yana iya sa cutar ta zama mai tsanani.

Ofarancin numfashi babban alama ce ta ILD. Kuna iya numfasawa da sauri ko kuma buƙatar yin numfashi mai zurfi:

• Da farko, karancin numfashi ba mai tsanani bane kuma ana lura dashi ne kawai ta hanyar motsa jiki, hawa matakala, da sauran ayyuka.
• Bayan lokaci, yana iya faruwa tare da ƙaramin aiki mai wuya kamar wanka ko sutura, kuma yayin da cutar ta ta'azzara, koda da cin abinci ko magana.

Yawancin mutane masu wannan yanayin suma suna da busasshen tari. Wani tari mai bushewa yana nufin ba kwa tari duk wani ƙashi ko magarji.

Bayan lokaci, asarar nauyi, gajiya, da tsoka da haɗin gwiwa suma suna nan.

Mutanen da ke da ci gaban ILD na iya samun:

• Enara girman al'ada da lanƙwasa ƙasan farcen yatsun hannu (kwancen kafa).
• Launin shuɗi na leɓu, fata, ko farce saboda ƙarancin iskar oxygen (cyanosis).
• Kwayar cututtukan wasu cututtukan kamar su amosanin gabbai ko haɗiyar haɗari (scleroderma), masu alaƙa da ILD.

Mai ba da sabis na kiwon lafiya zai yi gwajin jiki. Za a iya jin busassun, ƙwanƙolin sautin numfashi yayin sauraron kirji tare da stethoscope.

Za a iya yin gwaje-gwaje masu zuwa:

• Gwajin jini don bincika cututtukan autoimmune
• Bronchoscopy tare da ko ba tare da biopsy ba
• Kirjin x-ray
• Babban ƙudurin CT (HRCT) na kirji
• MRI kirji
• Echocardiogram
• Bude kwayar halittar huhu
• Gwajin matakin iskar oxygen a cikin hutawa ko lokacin aiki
• Iskar gas
• Gwajin aikin huhu
• Gwajin tafiya na minti shida (yana duba yadda za ku iya tafiya a cikin minti 6 da sau nawa kuke buƙatar tsayawa don ɗaukar numfashin ku)

Mutanen da suka kamu da cutar sanadin huhu a cikin wuraren aiki yawanci ana duba su akai-akai don cutar huhu. Wadannan ayyukan sun hada da hakar kwal, fashewar yashi, da aiki a jirgin ruwa.

Jiyya ya dogara da dalilin da tsawon lokacin cutar.Ana ba da magungunan da ke murƙushe garkuwar jiki da rage kumburi a cikin huhu idan wata cuta daga jikin mutum tana haifar da matsalar. Ga wasu mutanen da ke da IPF, pirfenidone da nintedanib magunguna biyu ne waɗanda za a iya amfani da su don rage cutar. Idan babu takamaiman magani don yanayin, makasudin shine don sanya muku kwanciyar hankali da tallafawa aikin huhu:

• Idan ka sha taba, tambayi mai ba ka yadda za a daina shan sigari.
• Mutanen da ke da ƙananan iskar oxygen za su sami maganin oxygen a cikin gidansu. Mai ilimin hanyoyin numfashi zai taimake ka ka saita oxygen. Iyalai suna buƙatar koyon dacewar oxygen da aminci.

Gyaran huhu zai iya ba da tallafi, kuma ya taimake ka ka koya:

• Hanyoyin numfashi daban-daban
• Yadda zaka saita gidanka don adana kuzari
• Yadda ake cin isassun adadin kuzari da na gina jiki
• Yadda zaka zama mai aiki da karfi

Wasu mutanen da ke da ci gaba na ILD na iya buƙatar dashen huhu.

Kuna iya sauƙaƙa damuwar rashin lafiya ta shiga ƙungiyar tallafi. Yin tarayya tare da wasu waɗanda suke da masaniya da matsaloli na yau da kullun na iya taimaka muku kada ku ji ku kaɗai.

Samun damar murmurewa ko rashin kamuwa da cutar ta ILD ya dogara da dalilin da kuma yadda cutar ta kasance lokacin da aka fara gano ta.

Wasu mutanen da ke da cutar ta ILD suna samun ciwan zuciya da hawan jini a cikin jijiyoyin huhu.

Idiopathic fibrosis na huhu yana da mummunan hangen nesa.

Kira mai ba da sabis idan:

• Numfashin ka yana tauri, da sauri, ko kuma ba zurfi kamar da
• Ba za ku iya samun numfashi mai zurfi ba, ko buƙatar buƙata gaba yayin zaune
• Kuna yawan ciwon kai sau da yawa
• Kuna jin barci ko rikicewa
• Kuna da zazzabi
• Kuna tari na dusar danshi
• Yatsun hannu ko fatar da ke kusa da farcen yatsan hannu suna shuɗi

Yada cutar huhu ta huhu; Alveolitis; Ciwon huhu na huhu (IPP)

• Yadda ake numfashi lokacin da kake karancin numfashi
• Cutar cututtukan huhu tsakanin manya - fitarwa
• Oxygen lafiya
• Tafiya tare da matsalolin numfashi
• Yin amfani da oxygen a gida

• Klub
• Ma'aikatan kwalliya pneumoconiosis - mataki na II
• Ma'aikatan kwalliya pneumoconiosis - mataki na II
• Ma'aikatan kwalliya pneumoconiosis, masu rikitarwa
• Tsarin numfashi

Corte TJ, Du Bois RM, Wells AU. Cutar cututtukan nama. A cikin: Broaddus VC, Mason RJ, Ernst JD, et al, eds. Littafin rubutu na Murray da Nadel na Magungunan numfashi. Na 6 ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: babi na 65.

Raghu G, Martinez FJ. Cutar cututtukan huhu. A cikin: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. Magungunan Goldman-Cecil. 26th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: babi na 86.

Ryu JH, Selman M, Colby TV, King TE. Maganin ciwon mara na idiopathic. A cikin: Broaddus VC, Mason RJ, Ernst JD, et al, eds. Littafin rubutu na Murray da Nadel na Magungunan numfashi. Na 6 ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: babi na 63.