Tsarin jini

Cardiomyopathy cuta ne wanda tsokar zuciya ta raunana, miƙa, ko kuma yana da wata matsalar tsarin.

Cutar cututtukan zuciya wani yanayi ne wanda tsokar zuciya ta zama mai rauni da faɗaɗawa. A sakamakon haka, zuciya ba za ta iya fitar da isasshen jini zuwa ga sauran jikin ba.

Akwai nau'ikan cututtukan zuciya da yawa. Dilated cardiomyopathy shine mafi yawan nau'ikan tsari, amma yana iya zama sakamakon yanayi daban-daban. Wasu masu ba da kiwon lafiya suna amfani da kalmar don nuna takamaiman yanayi, wanda ake kira idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy. Babu wani sanannen sanadin wannan nau'in narkewar bugun zuciya.

Sanadin sanadin bugun zuciya:

• Cututtukan zuciya da ke haifar da raguwa ko toshewar jijiyoyin jijiyoyin jini
• Hawan jini mara kyau

Akwai wasu dalilai da yawa na kamuwa da cututtukan zuciya, ciki har da:

• Alkahol ko hodar iblis (ko wasu haramtattun ƙwayoyi) zagi
• Ciwon sukari, cututtukan thyroid, ko hepatitis
• Magungunan da zasu iya zama masu guba ga zuciya, kamar magungunan da ake amfani da su don magance kansar
• Abubuwa marasa kyau na zuciya wanda zuciya ke bugawa cikin sauri na lokaci mai tsawo
• Rashin lafiya na autoimmune
• Yanayin da ke gudana a cikin iyalai
• Cututtukan da suka shafi jijiyoyin zuciya
• Bawul na zuciya waɗanda suke da ƙuntataccen abu ko kuma masu malalo
• A watan da ya gabata na daukar ciki, ko a tsakanin watanni 5 bayan haihuwar jariri.
• Bayyanawa ga ƙananan ƙarfe kamar gubar, arsenic, cobalt, ko mercury

Wannan yanayin na iya shafar kowa a kowane zamani. Koyaya, ya fi yawa ga manya.

Kwayar cututtukan zuciya sun fi yawa. Yawancin lokaci suna haɓaka a hankali akan lokaci. Koyaya, wasu lokuta alamun cututtuka suna farawa kwatsam kuma yana iya zama mai tsanani.

Alamun gama gari sune:

• Jin zafi ko matsin lamba (mai yuwuwa tare da motsa jiki)
• Tari
• Gajiya, rauni, kasala
• Tsarin al'ada ko sauri
• Rashin ci
• Ofarancin numfashi tare da aiki ko bayan kwanciya (ko bacci) na ɗan lokaci
• Kumburi da duwaiwai

Yayin gwajin, mai ba da kiwon lafiya na iya samun:

• Zuciya ta fadada.
• Farkon huhu (alamar haɓakar ruwa), gunaguni na zuciya, ko wasu sautunan da ba na al'ada ba.
• Hankalin yana iya faɗaɗa.
• Jijiyoyin wuyan wuya na iya zama masu ƙarfi.

Za a iya yin gwaje-gwajen gwaje-gwaje da yawa don tantance dalilin:

• Antinuclear antibody (ANA), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), da sauran gwaje-gwaje don gano cututtukan autoimmune
• Gwajin antibody don gano cututtuka kamar su cutar Lyme da HIV
• Gwajin ƙarfe na jini
• Maganin TSH da T4 don gano matsalolin thyroid
• Gwaje-gwaje don amyloidosis (jini, fitsari)

Enara ƙarfin zuciya ko wasu matsaloli tare da tsari da aikin zuciya (kamar matsi mara ƙarfi) na iya bayyana akan waɗannan gwaje-gwajen. Hakanan suna iya taimakawa wajen gano ainihin dalilin matsalar:

• Echocardiogram (duban dan tayi na zuciya)
• Gwajin bugun zuciya
• Kirjin x-ray
• Maganin jijiyoyin jini don duba gudanawar jini zuwa zuciya
• Cardiac catheterization don auna matsin lamba a ciki da kewaye zuciya
  
• CT scan na zuciya
• MRI na zuciya
• Binciken zuciya na nukiliya (scintigraphy, MUGA, RNV)

Bincike na zuciya, wanda aka cire ƙaramin ƙwayar tsoka, ana iya buƙata dangane da dalilin. Koyaya, wannan ba safai ake yin sa ba.

Abubuwan da zaku iya yi a gida don kula da yanayinku sun haɗa da:

• Sanin jikinka, sannan ka kula da alamomin da gazawar zuciyar ka ke kara ta'azzara.
• Kalli canje-canje a alamomin ku, bugun zuciya, bugun jini, hawan jini, da nauyi.
• Iyakance yawan shan da yawan gishirin (sodium) da kuke samu a cikin abincinku.

Yawancin mutanen da ke da raunin zuciya suna buƙatar shan magunguna. Wasu magunguna suna magance alamunku. Wasu na iya taimakawa hana karyewar zuciyar ka daga yin muni, ko kuma hana wasu matsalolin zuciya.

Hanyoyi da tiyatar da zaku buƙaci sun haɗa da:

• Na'urar bugun zuciya don taimakawa bi da saurin bugun zuciya ko taimakawa bugun zuciyarka aiki tare
• A defibrillator wanda ya fahimci bugun zuciya mai barazanar rai kuma ya aika bugun lantarki (gigice) don dakatar dasu
• Tiyatar zuciya (CABG) tiyata ko angioplasty don inganta gudan jini zuwa ga lalataccen rauni ko tsokawar zuciya
• Sauyawa ko gyara bawul

Don ci gaban cututtukan zuciya:

• Ana iya ba da shawarar dashen zuciya idan daidaitattun jiyya ba su yi aiki ba kuma alamun gazawar zuciya suna da tsananin gaske.
• Za'a iya yin la'akari da sanya kayan taimako na zuciya ko zuciya ta wucin gadi.

Rashin ciwon zuciya na yau da kullun ya zama mafi muni tsawon lokaci. Mutane da yawa waɗanda ke da ciwon zuciya za su mutu daga yanayin. Yin tunani game da nau'in kulawa da kuke so a ƙarshen rayuwa da tattauna waɗannan batutuwa tare da ƙaunatattunku da mai ba ku kiwon lafiya yana da mahimmanci.

Ciwon zuciya yawanci galibi cuta ce mai ɗorewa, wanda zai iya zama mafi muni a tsawon lokaci. Wasu mutane sun kamu da ciwon zuciya mai tsanani, wanda magunguna, sauran magunguna, da tiyata ba sa taimakawa. Mutane da yawa suna cikin haɗari don saurin bugun zuciya, kuma suna iya buƙatar magunguna ko defibrillator.

Kira mai ba ku sabis idan kuna da alamun cututtukan zuciya.

Nemi taimakon gaggawa na gaggawa kai tsaye idan ciwon kirji, bugun zuciya ko suma.

Cardiomyopathy - fadada; Tsarin jini na farko; Ciwon cututtukan zuciya na ciwon sukari; Idiopathic cardiomyopathy; Maganin bugun jini

• Zuciya - sashi ta tsakiya
• Zuciya - gaban gani
• Tsarin jini
• Maganin bugun jini

Falk RH, Hershberger RE. Latedarfafawa, ƙuntatawa, da infiltrative cardiomyopathies. A cikin: Zipes DP, Libby P, Bonow RO, Mann DL, Tomaselli GF, Braunwald E, eds. Braunwald na Ciwon Zuciya: Littafin rubutu na Magungunan zuciya da jijiyoyin jini. 11th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: babi na 77.

Mckenna WJ, Elliott P. Cututtuka na myocardium da endocardium. A cikin: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. Magungunan Goldman-Cecil. 26th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: babi na 54.