Hypertrophic cututtukan zuciya

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) wani yanayi ne wanda tsokar zuciya ta zama mai kauri. Sau da yawa, wani sashi na zuciya ne kawai yake kauri fiye da sauran sassan.

Yin kauri zai iya zama da wahala ga jini ya bar zuciya, ya tilasta wa zuciya yin aiki tukuru don fitar da jini.Hakanan zai iya zama da wahala ga zuciya nutsuwa da cika jini.

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy galibi ana saukar dashi ta hanyar dangi (gado). Ana tsammanin zai samo asali ne daga lahani a cikin kwayoyin halittar da ke kula da ci gaban tsokar zuciya.

Ananan yara suna iya samun mummunar cutar ta hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Koyaya, ana ganin yanayin a cikin mutane na kowane zamani.

Wasu mutanen da ke cikin yanayin na iya samun alamun rashin lafiya. Suna iya fara gano suna da matsala yayin gwajin likita na yau da kullun.

A cikin samari da yawa, alamun farko na hypertrophic cardiomyopathy shine rushewa kwatsam da yiwuwar mutuwa. Wannan na iya faruwa ta sanadin bugun zuciya mara kyau sosai (arrhythmias). Hakanan yana iya kasancewa saboda toshewar da ke hana fitar jini daga zuciya zuwa sauran jiki.

Kwayar cutar ta yau da kullun sun haɗa da:

• Ciwon kirji
• Dizziness
• Sumewa, musamman lokacin motsa jiki
• Gajiya
• Haskewar kai, musamman tare da ko bayan aiki ko motsa jiki
• Jin azancin bugun zuciya da sauri ko ba bisa ka'ida ba (bugun zuciya)
• Ofarancin numfashi tare da aiki ko bayan kwance (ko barci na ɗan lokaci)

Mai ba da sabis na kiwon lafiya zai yi gwajin jiki kuma ya saurari zuciya da huhu tare da stethoscope. Alamomin na iya haɗawa da:

• Sautunan zuciya marasa kyau ko gunaguni na zuciya. Waɗannan sautunan na iya canzawa tare da matsayin jikin daban.
• Hawan jini.

Hakanan za'a duba bugun bugun hannu da wuyan ku. Mai bayarwa na iya jin bugun zuciya mara kyau a cikin kirji.

Gwaje-gwajen da aka yi amfani da su don tantance kaurin tsoka na zuciya, matsaloli tare da gudan jini, ko bawul din zuciya (mitral valve regurgitation) na iya hadawa da:

• Echocardiography
• ECG
• 24-Holter Monitor (saka idanu na zuciya)
• Cardiac catheterization
• Kirjin x-ray
• MRI na zuciya
• CT scan na zuciya
• Transesophageal echocardiogram (TEE)

Ana iya yin gwajin jini don kawar da wasu cututtuka.

Za a iya bincika kusan dangin mutanen da aka gano suna da cutar hypertrophic cardiomyopathy don yanayin.

Koyaushe bi shawarar mai ba da sabis game da motsa jiki idan kana da cututtukan zuciya na hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Za a iya gaya maka ka guji motsa jiki mai wahala. Hakanan, duba mai ba ku sabis don yin bincike na yau da kullun.

Idan kana da alamun cuta, zaka iya buƙatar magunguna kamar beta-blockers da calcium channel blockers don taimakawa bugun zuciya da shakatawa daidai. Wadannan kwayoyi na iya taimakawa ciwon kirji ko numfashi yayin motsa jiki.

Mutanen da ke da arrhythmias na iya buƙatar magani, kamar:

• Magunguna don magance matsalar mara kyau.
• Magungunan rage jini don rage haɗarin daskarewar jini (idan hargitsin ya faru ne saboda bugun jini).
• Mai bugun zuciya har abada don sarrafa bugun zuciya.
• Abun da aka dasa wanda zai iya fahimtar bugawar zuciya mai barazanar rai kuma ya aika bugun lantarki ya dakatar dasu. Wani lokaci ana sanya defibrillator, koda kuwa mara lafiyar bashi da cutar rashin lafiya amma yana cikin haɗarin haɗari mai saurin kisa (alal misali, idan tsokar zuciya tayi kauri sosai ko rauni, ko kuma mai haƙuri yana da dangi wanda ya mutu kwatsam).

Lokacin da jini ya fita daga zuciya ya toshe ƙwarai, alamomi na iya zama masu tsanani. Za'a iya yin aikin da ake kira myectomy. A wasu lokuta, ana iya yiwa mutane allurar barasa a cikin jijiyoyin da ke ciyar da ɓangaren zuciya mai kauri (zubar da barasa). Mutanen da suke da wannan aikin sukan nuna ci gaba sosai.

Kuna iya buƙatar tiyata don gyara mitral bawul na zuciya idan yana yoyo.

Wasu mutanen da ke fama da cutar hawan jini ba su da alamomi kuma za su sami tsawon rayuwa. Wasu na iya yin muni a hankali ko da sauri. A wasu lokuta, yanayin na iya bunkasa cikin buguwa jini.

Mutanen da ke da cututtukan zuciya na hypertrophic suna cikin haɗarin mutuwa kwatsam fiye da mutane ba tare da yanayin ba. Mutuwar bazata na iya faruwa a lokacin ƙuruciya.

Akwai nau'ikan nau'ikan cututtukan zuciya na hypertrophic, wadanda suke da maganganu daban-daban. Hangen nesa na iya zama mafi kyau yayin da cutar ta faru a cikin tsofaffi ko kuma lokacin da akwai wani tsari na kauri a cikin jijiyar zuciya.

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy sanannen sanadi ne na mutuwar kwatsam a cikin 'yan wasa. Kusan rabin mace-mace saboda wannan yanayin suna faruwa ne a lokacin ko kuma bayan wani nau'in motsa jiki.

Kira mai ba da sabis idan:

• Kuna da alamun bayyanar cututtukan zuciya na hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.
• Kuna ci gaba da ciwon kirji, bugun zuciya, suma, ko wasu sabbin alamomi ko alamun da ba'a bayyana ba.

Cardiomyopathy - hypertrophic (HCM); IHSS; Idiopathic hypertrophic subaortic stenosis; Asymmetric septal hauhawar jini; ASH; HOCM; Hypertrophic mai hana cututtukan zuciya

• Zuciya - sashi ta tsakiya
• Zuciya - gaban gani
• Hypertrophic cututtukan zuciya

Maron BJ, Maron MS, Olivotto I. Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. A cikin: Zipes DP, Libby P, Bonow RO, Mann DL, Tomaselli GF, Braunwald E, eds. Braunwald na Ciwon Zuciya: Littafin rubutu na Magungunan zuciya da jijiyoyin jini. 11th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: babi na 78.

McKenna WJ, Elliott PM. Cututtuka na myocardium da endocardium. A cikin: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. Magungunan Goldman-Cecil. 26th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: babi na 54.