Ciwan ulcer

Ciwon gyambon ciki (ulcerative colitis) wani yanayi ne wanda rufin babban hanji (hanji) da dubura ke yin kumburi. Wani nau'i ne na cututtukan hanji mai kumburi (IBD). Cutar Crohn shine yanayin alaƙa.

Ba a san musabbabin cutar ulcerative colitis ba. Mutanen da ke da wannan yanayin suna da matsaloli game da tsarin garkuwar jiki. Koyaya, ba a bayyana ba idan matsalolin rigakafi suka haifar da wannan rashin lafiya. Danniya da wasu abinci na iya haifar da bayyanar cututtuka, amma ba sa haifar da ulcerative colitis.

Ciwan ulcer na iya shafar kowane rukuni. Akwai kololuwa tsakanin shekaru 15 zuwa 30 sannan kuma a cikin shekaru 50 zuwa 70.

Cutar na farawa ne daga yankin dubura. Yana iya zama a cikin dubura ko yaɗuwa zuwa manyan yankuna na babban hanji. Duk da haka, cutar ba ta tsallake yankunan. Yana iya ƙunsar dukkan hanjin cikin babban lokaci.

Dalilai masu haɗari sun haɗa da tarihin iyali na ulcerative colitis ko wasu cututtukan autoimmune, ko kakannin yahudawa.

Alamomin cutar na iya zama da yawa ko ƙasa da tsanani. Suna iya farawa a hankali ko kwatsam. Rabin mutane kawai suna da alamun rashin lafiya. Sauran suna da munanan hare-hare waɗanda ke faruwa sau da yawa. Yawancin dalilai na iya haifar da hare-hare.

Kwayar cutar na iya haɗawa da:

• Jin zafi a cikin ciki (yankin ciki) da matsi.
• Sautin gurgling ko splashing da aka ji akan hanjin.
• Jini da yiwuwar turawa a cikin kujerun.
• Gudawa, daga 'yan aukuwa har sau da yawa sosai.
• Zazzaɓi.
• Jin cewa kana buƙatar wuce ɗakuna, duk da cewa hanjin ka ya riga ya fanko. Yana iya haɗawa da wahala, zafi, da matsi (tenesmus).
• Rage nauyi.

Ci gaban yara na iya raguwa.

Sauran cututtukan da ke iya faruwa tare da ulcerative colitis sun hada da masu zuwa:

• Hadin gwiwa da kumburi
• Bakin ciki (ulcers)
• Tashin zuciya da amai
• Kullun fata ko marurai

Colonoscopy tare da biopsy galibi ana amfani dashi don gano cutar ulcerative colitis.Hakanan ana amfani da Colonoscopy don yiwa mutanen da ke fama da cutar ulcerative colitis ciwon kansa.

Sauran gwaje-gwajen da za'a iya yi don taimakawa gano asalin wannan yanayin sun haɗa da:

• Barium enema
• Kammala ƙididdigar jini (CBC)
• Furotin C-mai amsawa (CRP)
• Erythrocyte sedimentation kudi (ESR)
• Sanda calprotectin ko lactoferrin
• Gwajin jikin mutum ta jini

Wani lokaci, ana buƙatar gwaje-gwajen ƙaramar hanji don rarrabe tsakanin ulcerative colitis da cutar Crohn, gami da:

• CT dubawa
• MRI
• Binciken endoscopy na sama ko karatun kwantena
• MR enterography

Makasudin magani shine:

• Sarrafa manyan hare-haren
• Hana sake kai hari
• Taimaka wa ciwon ya warke

Yayin mummunan yanayi, kuna iya buƙatar a kula da ku a asibiti don mummunan hare-hare. Kwararka na iya ba da umarnin corticosteroids. Ana iya ba ku abinci mai gina jiki ta hanyar jijiya (layin IV).

Abincin Abinci da Abinci

Wasu nau'ikan abinci na iya kara cutar gudawa da cututtukan gas. Wannan matsalar na iya zama mafi tsanani yayin lokutan cutar mai aiki. Shawarwarin abinci sun hada da:

• Ku ci abinci kaɗan a cikin yini.
• Sha ruwa da yawa (sha kadan kaɗan cikin yini).
• Kauce wa abinci mai ƙoshin fiber (bran, wake, goro, tsaba, da popcorn).
• Guji abinci mai maiko, maiko ko soyayyen da waken miya (butter, margarine, da cream mai nauyi).
• Iyakance kayan madara idan kun kasance mara haƙuri. Kayan kiwo sune tushen furotin da alli mai kyau.

DAMU

Kuna iya jin damuwa, jin kunya, ko ma bakin ciki ko baƙin ciki game da haɗarin hanji. Sauran abubuwan damuwa a rayuwarku, kamar motsi, ko rasa aiki ko ƙaunataccen na iya haifar da matsalolin narkewar abinci.

Tambayi mai ba ku kiwon lafiya don nasihu game da yadda za ku magance damuwar ku.

MAGUNGUNA

Magungunan da za a iya amfani da su don rage yawan hare-haren sun haɗa da:

• 5-aminosalicylates kamar mesalamine ko sulfasalazine, wanda zai iya taimakawa sarrafa matsakaitan alamomin. Wasu nau'i na miyagun ƙwayoyi ana ɗauka ta bakinsu. Wasu dole ne a saka a cikin dubura.
• Magunguna don nutsar da garkuwar jiki.
• Corticosteroids kamar prednisone. Za'a iya ɗauke su ta baki yayin walƙiya ko saka su a cikin duburar.
• Immunomodulators, magunguna da ake sha ta bakin da ke shafar garkuwar jiki, kamar azathioprine da 6-MP.
• Biologic far, idan ba ku amsa ga sauran kwayoyi ba.
• Acetaminophen (Tylenol) na iya taimakawa rage mara zafi. Guji magunguna kamar su aspirin, ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin), ko naproxen (Aleve, Naprosyn). Waɗannan na iya sa alamunku su daɗa muni.

Tiyata

Yin aikin tiyata don cire ciwon hanji zai warkar da cutar ulcer kuma yana kawar da barazanar cutar kansa. Kuna iya buƙatar tiyata idan kuna:

• Colitis wanda baya amsawa ga kammala maganin likita
• Canje-canje a cikin rufin uwar hanji wanda ke ba da shawarar ƙara haɗarin cutar kansa
• Matsaloli masu tsanani, kamar ɓarkewar hanji, zub da jini mai tsanani, ko megacolon mai guba

Mafi yawan lokuta, ana cire dukkan hanji, gami da dubura. Bayan tiyata, kuna iya samun:

• Budewa a cikin ciki ana kiranta stoma (ileostomy). Tabon zai fita ta wannan buɗewar.
• Hanyar da zata haɗo karamar hanji zuwa dubura domin samun ƙarin aikin hanji.

Taimakon zamantakewar jama'a na iya taimakawa sau da yawa tare da damuwa na magance cuta, kuma membobin ƙungiyar tallafi na iya samun shawarwari masu amfani don neman mafi kyawun magani da jimre yanayin.

Gidauniyar Crohn's da Colitis ta Amurka (CCFA) tana da bayanai da kuma alaƙa don tallafawa ƙungiyoyi.

Kwayar cututtukan ba ta da sauƙi a cikin rabin rabin mutanen da ke fama da cututtukan ciki. Symptomsarin cututtuka masu tsanani basu da wataƙila su amsa da kyau ga magunguna.

Yin magani ba zai yuwu ba sai ta hanyar cire babban hanji.

Rashin haɗarin cutar kansa ta hanji na ƙaruwa a cikin kowace shekaru goma bayan an gano cutar ulcerative colitis.

Kuna da haɗari mafi girma ga ƙananan hanji da ciwon hanji idan kuna da ciwon ulcerative colitis. A wani lokaci, mai ba da sabis ɗinku zai ba da shawarar gwaje-gwaje don bincika kansar kansa.

Mafi tsananin aukuwa wanda ya sake dawowa na iya haifar da bangon hanji ya yi kauri, ya haifar da:

• Narrowuntatawa ta hanji ko toshewa (mafi yawanci cikin cututtukan Crohn)
• Aukuwa na zub da jini mai tsanani
• M cututtuka
• Kwatsam (faɗaɗawa) na babban hanji cikin ɗaya zuwa daysan kwanaki (megacolon mai guba)
• Hawaye ko ramuka (perforation) a cikin mazaunin
• Karancin jini, karancin jini

Matsalolin shan abubuwan gina jiki na iya haifar da:

• Rage kasusuwa (osteoporosis)
• Matsaloli na kiyaye lafiyar jiki
• Sannu a hankali da haɓaka cikin yara
• Karancin jini ko karancin jini

Problemsananan matsalolin da ke iya faruwa sun haɗa da:

• Nau'in cututtukan zuciya da ke shafar ƙasusuwa da haɗin gwiwa a gindin kashin baya, inda yake haɗuwa da ƙashin ƙugu (ankylosing spondylitis)
• Ciwon Hanta
• Mai taushi, kumburi ja (nodules) a ƙarƙashin fata, wanda ka iya zama ulce na fata
• Ciwo ko kumburi a cikin ido

Kira mai ba da sabis idan:

• Kuna ci gaba da ciwon ciki, sabon ko ƙara jini, zazzabi wanda ba ya tafi, ko wasu alamun alamomin ulcerative colitis
• Kuna da ciwon ulcerative colitis kuma alamun ku na tsanantawa ko basa inganta da magani
• Kuna ci gaba da sababbin bayyanar cututtuka

Babu sanannun rigakafin wannan yanayin.

Ciwon hanji mai kumburi - ulcerative colitis; IBD - ulcerative colitis; Ciwon ciki; Proctitis; Proctitis na miki

• Abincin Bland
• Canza jakar kayanka
• Gudawa - abin da za ka tambayi mai ba ka kiwon lafiya - baligi
• Ileostomy da ɗanka
• Lissafin abinci da abincinku
• Kulawa - kula da cutar ku
• Ileostomy - canza aljihun ku
• Ileostomy - fitarwa
• Abincin gida - abin da za a tambayi likitan ku
• Babban yankewar hanji - fitarwa
• Rayuwa tare da gadonka
• Abincin mai ƙananan fiber
• Total colectomy ko proctocolectomy - fitarwa
• Ire-iren gyaran jiki
• Ulcerative colitis - fitarwa

• Ciwon ciki
• Tsarin narkewa
• Ciwan ulcer

Goldblum JR, Babban hanji. A cikin: Goldblum JR, Lamps LW, McKenney JK, Myers JL, eds. Rosai da Ackerman na Ciwon Tiyata. 11th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: babi na 17.

Mowat C, Cole A, Windsor A, et al. Sharuɗɗa don kula da cututtukan hanji mai kumburi a cikin manya. Gut. 2011; 60 (5): 571-607. PMID: 21464096 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21464096/.

Rubin DT, Ananthakrishnan AN, Siegel CA, Sauer BG, Long MD. Dokokin asibiti na ACG: ulcerative colitis a cikin manya. Am J Gastroenterol. 2019: 114 (3): 384-413. PMID: 30840605 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30840605/.

Ungaro R, Mehandru S, Allen PB, Peyrin-Biroulet L, Colombel JF. Ciwan ulcer. Lancet. 2017; 389 (10080): 1756-1770. PMID: 27914657 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27914657/.