Ciwon daji na thyroid - papillary carcinoma

Papillary carcinoma na thyroid shine mafi yawan ciwon daji na glandar thyroid. Glandar thyroid tana cikin cikin gaban ƙananan wuya.

Kimanin 85% na duk cututtukan thyroid da aka bincikar su a cikin Amurka sune nau'in carcinoma na papillary. Ya fi faruwa ga mata fiye da na maza. Zai iya faruwa a yarinta, amma galibi ana ganin sa a cikin manya tsakanin shekaru 20 zuwa 60.

Ba a san dalilin wannan ciwon daji ba. Rashin nakasar halitta ko tarihin iyali na cutar na iya zama haɗarin haɗari.

Radiation yana ƙaruwa da haɗarin kamuwa da ciwon sankara na thyroid. Bayyanawa na iya faruwa daga:

• Magungunan radiation na waje mai ɗorewa zuwa wuya, musamman lokacin ƙuruciya, ana amfani da shi don magance ciwon daji na yara ko wasu yanayin ƙanana na yara
• Fitar da iska daga masifu daga tashar nukiliya

Radiation da aka bayar ta jijiya (ta hanyar IV) yayin gwaje-gwajen likita da jiyya ba ya ƙara haɗarin kamuwa da ciwon sankara na thyroid.

Ciwon daji na thyroid yakan fara ne a matsayin ƙaramin dunƙule (nodule) a cikin glandar thyroid.

Yayinda wasu ƙananan kumburi na iya zama ciwon daji, yawancin (90%) nodules na thyroid ba su da lahani kuma ba su da cutar kansa.

Mafi yawan lokuta, babu wasu alamun bayyanar.

Idan kuna da dunƙule a kan thyroid, mai ba da sabis na kiwon lafiya na iya yin odar waɗannan gwaje-gwaje masu zuwa:

• Gwajin jini.
• Duban dan tayi na glandar thyroid da wuyan wuya.
• CT scan na wuyansa ko MRI don ƙayyade girman ƙwayar cuta.
• Laryngoscopy don nazarin motsi muryar muryar.
• Gwajin kwayar cutar ƙaran allura mai kyau (FNAB) don ƙayyade idan dunƙulen na cutar kansa ne. FNAB za a iya yi idan duban dan tayi ya nuna cewa dunkulen bai wuce santimita 1 ba.

Ana iya yin gwajin kwayar halitta akan samfurin biopsy don ganin menene canje-canjen kwayoyin halitta (maye gurbi) na iya kasancewa. Sanin wannan na iya taimaka jagorar shawarwarin magani.

Gwajin aikin ka na yau da kullun na al'ada ne ga mutanen da ke fama da cutar kansa.

Maganin cutar kansa na iya hada da:

• Tiyata
• Rediyon radiyon iodine
• Maganin maye gurbin ku na thyroid (maganin maye gurbin ku)
  
• Magungunan radiation na katako na waje (EBRT)
  

Ana yin tiyata don cire yawancin ciwon daji kamar yadda ya kamata. Mafi girman dunkulen, dole ne a cire mafi yawan glandar thyroid. Sau da yawa, ana fitar da gland ɗin gaba ɗaya.

Bayan aikin tiyata, zaku iya karɓar maganin rediyo, wanda yawanci akan sha shi da baki. Wannan sinadarin yana kashe duk wani abu da ya rage na naman jikin ka. Hakanan yana taimakawa wajen bayyanar da hotunan likitanci sosai, saboda haka likitoci zasu iya ganin ko akwai wata cutar daji da aka bari a baya ko kuma idan ta dawo daga baya.

Arin kula da cutar kansa zai dogara da dalilai da yawa kamar:

• Girman kowane ƙari a yanzu
• Matsayi na ƙari
• Girma girma na ƙari
• Kwayar cututtukan da zaka iya samu
• Abubuwan da kuke so

Idan tiyata ba zaɓi bane, maganin fitila na waje na iya zama mai amfani.

Bayan tiyata ko maganin radioiodine, kuna buƙatar shan magani da ake kira levothyroxine tsawon rayuwarku. Wannan yana maye gurbin hormone da thyroid zai saba yi.

Mai yiwuwa mai ba da sabis ɗinku zai ɗauki gwajin jini kowane watanni don bincika matakan hormone na thyroid. Sauran gwaje-gwajen da za a iya yi bayan jiyya don cutar kansar sun hada da:

• Duban dan tayi
• Gwajin hoto da ake kira iodine mai motsi (I-131)
• Maimaita FNAB

Kuna iya sauƙaƙa damuwar rashin lafiya ta hanyar haɗuwa da ƙungiyar tallafawa kansa. Yin tarayya tare da wasu waɗanda suke da masaniya da matsaloli na yau da kullun na iya taimaka muku kada ku ji ku kaɗai.

Matsayin rayuwa don papillary thyroid cancer yana da kyau. Fiye da 90% na manya da wannan ciwon daji sun rayu aƙalla shekaru 10 zuwa 20. Hangen nesa ya fi kyau ga mutanen da shekarunsu ba su kai 40 ba kuma waɗanda suke da ƙananan ƙwayoyi.

Abubuwan da ke gaba na iya rage ƙimar rayuwa:

• Shekaru sama da shekaru 55
• Ciwon daji wanda ya bazu zuwa sassan jiki masu nisa
• Ciwon daji wanda ya bazu zuwa nama mai laushi
• Babban ƙari

Matsalolin sun hada da:

• Cirewar haɗari na glandan parathyroid, wanda ke taimakawa daidaita matakan alli na jini
• Lalacewa ga jijiyar da ke sarrafa igiyar muryar
• Yada cutar kansa zuwa ƙwayoyin lymph (rare)
• Yada cutar kansa zuwa wasu shafuka (metastasis)

Kira mai ba ku sabis idan kuna da dunƙule a wuyanku.

Papillary carcinoma na thyroid; Papillary thyroid ciwon kansa; Papillary thyroid carcinoma

• Endocrine gland
• Ciwon daji na thyroid - CT scan
• Ciwon daji na thyroid - CT scan
• Ci gaban thyroid - scintiscan
• Glandar thyroid

Haddad RI, Nasr C, Bischoff L. NCCN Shawarwarin Jagora: Thyroid Carcinoma, Shafin 2.2018. J Natl Compr Canc Netw. 2018; 16 (12): 1429-1440. PMID: 30545990 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30545990/.

Haugen BR, Alexander Erik K, Baibul KC, et al. Sharuɗɗan Gudanar da Associationungiyar Thyroid na Amurka na 2015 don Manyan Marasa lafiya tare da Thyroid Nodules da Bambancin Ciwon Canjin: Tungiyar Tungiyar Thyroid ta Americanungiyar Amintattun onungiyar Thyroid a kan Thyroid Nodules da Bambancin Ciwon Canjin. Thyroid. 2016; 26 (1): 1-133. PMID: 26462967 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26462967/.

Kwon D, Lee S. Ciwon daji na thyroid. A cikin: Myers EN, Snyderman CH, eds. Gwanin Otolaryngology da kuma Yin Tiyata. 3rd ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: babi na 82.

Yanar gizo Cibiyar Cancer ta Kasa. Maganin cutar kanjamau (balagagge) (PDQ) - sigar wucin gadi. www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/pdq/treatment/thyroid/ LafiyaProfessional. An sabunta Janairu 30, 2020. An shiga 1 ga Fabrairu, 2020.

Thompson LDR. Neoplasms mara kyau na glandar thyroid. A cikin: Thompson LDR, Bishop JA, eds. Kai da ckwayar Hanyar Lafiya. 3rd ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: sura 25.

Tuttle RM da Alzahrani AS. Straaddamar da haɗarin haɗari a cikin bambancin cututtukan thyroid: daga ganowa zuwa bin ƙarshe. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2019; 104 (9): 4087-4100. PMID: 30874735 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30874735/.