Ciwon kansa na thyroid - medullary carcinoma

Medullary carcinoma na thyroid shine ciwon daji na glandar thyroid wanda ke farawa a cikin sel wanda ya saki hormone da ake kira calcitonin. Wadannan kwayoyin halitta ana kiran su da suna "C". Glandar thyroid tana cikin ƙasan wuyanka na ƙasa.

Ba a san musabbabin kamuwa da cutar sankarau ba a san shi (MTC). MTC yana da wuya. Zai iya faruwa a cikin yara da manya.

Ba kamar sauran nau'ikan cututtukan karoid ba, ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta na MTC ba za a iya haifar da su ta hanyar maganin fuka-fuka a wuyan da aka bayar don magance wasu cututtukan kansa a lokacin yarinta.

Akwai nau'ikan MTC guda biyu:

• MTC na yau da kullun, wanda baya gudana cikin iyalai. Yawancin MTCs na lokaci-lokaci ne. Wannan nau'i yafi shafar tsofaffi.
• MTC na gado, wanda ke gudana a cikin iyalai.

Kuna da haɗarin haɗari ga irin wannan ciwon daji idan kuna da:

• Tarihin iyali na MTC
• Tarihin iyali na endoprine neoplasia dayawa (MEN)
• Tarihin farko na pheochromocytoma, muromal neuromas, hyperparathyroidism ko pancreatic cututtukan endocrine

Sauran nau'ikan cutar sankara sun hada da:

• Carcinoma na Anaplastic na thyroid
• Ciwon daji na thyroid
• Papillary carcinoma na thyroid
• Kwayar cutar tahyroid

MTC yakan fara ne a matsayin ƙaramin dunƙule (nodule) a cikin glandar thyroid. Hakanan akwai iya zama kumburin kumburin lymph a cikin wuya. A sakamakon haka, alamun cututtuka na iya haɗawa da:

• Kumburin wuya
• Rashin tsufa
• Matsalar numfashi saboda ƙarancin hanyoyin iska
• Tari
• Tari da jini
• Gudawa saboda tsananin matakin calcitonin

Mai ba da lafiyar ku zai yi gwajin jiki kuma ya yi tambaya game da alamunku da tarihin lafiyar ku.

Gwajin da za'a iya amfani dashi don tantance MTC sun haɗa da:

• Gwajin Calcitonin na jini
• CEA gwajin jini
• Gwajin kwayoyin halitta
• Kwayar cutar taroid
• Duban dan tayi na hanji da kuma lymph nodes
• PET scan

Mutanen da ke da MTC ya kamata a bincika su don wasu ƙwayoyin cuta, musamman pheochromocytoma da cututtukan parathyroid da cututtukan parathyroid.

Jiyya ya haɗa da tiyata don cire glandar thyroid da kewaye lymph nodes. Saboda wannan ƙari ne wanda ba a sani ba, ya kamata a yi aikin tiyata ta hanyar likita wanda ya saba da irin wannan ciwon daji kuma yana da masaniya da aikin da ake buƙata.

Treatmentarin magani zai dogara ne akan matakan ƙididdigar ku. Tashi a matakan calcitonin na iya sake nuna sabon ci gaban cutar kansa.

• Chemotherapy da radiation basu aiki sosai don irin wannan ciwon daji.
• Ana amfani da Radiation a wasu mutane bayan tiyata.
• Sabbin hanyoyin kwantar da hankali da aka yiwa niyya na iya rage ci gaban ƙari. Mai ba ku sabis zai iya gaya muku ƙarin bayani game da waɗannan, idan an buƙata.

Kusa da dangin mutanen da suka kamu da cutar ta MTC suna fuskantar barazanar wannan cutar kansa kuma ya kamata su tattauna da masu samar dasu.

Kuna iya sauƙaƙa damuwar rashin lafiya ta hanyar haɗuwa da ƙungiyar tallafawa kansa. Yin tarayya tare da wasu waɗanda suke da masaniya da matsaloli na yau da kullun na iya taimaka muku kada ku ji ku kaɗai.

Yawancin mutane da ke da MTC suna rayuwa aƙalla shekaru 5 bayan ganewar asali, gwargwadon matakin kansar. Adadin rayuwa na shekaru 10 shine 65%.

Matsaloli na iya haɗawa da:

• Ciwon daji ya bazu zuwa wasu yankuna na jiki
• Parathyroid gland ana cire su da gangan yayin aikin tiyata

Kira mai ba ku sabis idan kuna da alamun MTC.

Rigakafin bazai yiwu ba. Amma, sanin abubuwan haɗarin ka, musamman tarihin dangin ka, na iya bada izinin ganewar asali da magani. Ga mutanen da ke da ƙaƙƙarfan tarihin iyali na MTC, za a iya ba da shawarar zaɓi don cire glandar thyroid. Ya kamata ku tattauna wannan zaɓin a hankali tare da likitan da ya saba da cutar sosai.

Thyroid - medullary carcinoma; Ciwon daji - thyroid (medullary carcinoma); MTC; Thyroid nodule - medullary

• Ciwon daji na thyroid - CT scan
• Glandar thyroid

Jonklass J, Cooper DS. Thyroid. A cikin: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. Magungunan Goldman-Cecil. 26th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: babi na 213.

Yanar gizo Cibiyar Cancer ta Kasa. Maganin cutar kanjamau (balagagge) (PDQ) - fasalin ƙwararrun masu kiwon lafiya. www.cancer.gov/types/thyroid/hp/thyroid-treatment-pdq. An sabunta Janairu 30, 2020. An shiga Maris 6, 2020.

Smith PW, Hanks LR, Salomone LJ, Hanks JB. Thyroid. A cikin: Townsend CM Jr, Beauchamp RD, Evers BM, Mattox KL, eds. Littafin Sabiston na tiyata. 20th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2017: babi na 36.

Viola D, Elisei R. Gudanar da cututtukan maganin karoid. Endocrinol Metab Clin Arewacin Am. 2019; 48 (1): 285-301. PMID: 30717909 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30717909/.

Wells SA Jr, Asa SL, Dralle H. Revised American Thyroid Association jagororin don kula da medullary thyroid carcinoma. Thyroid. 2015; 25 (6): 567-610. PMID: 25810047 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25810047/.