Addison cuta

Addison cuta cuta ce da ke faruwa yayin da glandon adrenal ba ya samar da isasshen homon.

Landsananan gland sune ƙananan gabobin da ke sakin jiki da ke saman kowacce koda. Sun kasance ne daga wani yanki na waje, wanda ake kira da bawo, da wani bangare na ciki, wanda ake kira medulla.

Cortex yana samar da hormones 3:

• Glucocorticoid hormones (kamar cortisol) kula da sukari (glucose) iko, rage (kashe) rigakafi amsa, da kuma taimaka jiki amsa ga danniya.
• Mineralocorticoid hormones (kamar aldosterone) suna daidaita sodium, ruwa da ma'aunin potassium.
• Halin jima'i, androgens (namiji) da estrogens (mace), suna shafar ci gaban jima'i da motsawar jima'i.

Cutar Addison tana faruwa ne daga lalacewar guguwar adren. Lalacewar ta haifar da bawo don samar da matakan homonin wanda yayi ƙasa da ƙasa.

Wannan lalacewar na iya haifar da abubuwa masu zuwa:

• Tsarin na rigakafi yayi kuskuren afkawa gland adrenal (cututtukan autoimmune)
• Cututtuka kamar su tarin fuka, HIV, ko cututtukan fungal
• Zubar da jini a cikin gland adrenal
• Ƙari

Abubuwan haɗarin haɗari ga nau'in cutar Addison na autoimmune sun haɗa da wasu cututtukan autoimmune:

• Kumburi (kumburi) na glandar thyroid wanda yawanci yakan haifar da rage aikin karoid (na kullum thyroiditis)
• Glandar thyroid ta samar da sinadarin thyroid da yawa (cututtukan thyroid, cututtukan kabari)
• Rashin kumburi tare da kumburi da kumfa (dermatitis herpetiformis)
• Glandon parathyroid a cikin wuyansa baya samar da isasshen homon parathyroid (hypoparathyroidism)
• Glandan ciki ba ya samar da adadi na yau da kullun na wasu ko duka na hormones (hypopituitarism)
• Rashin ƙwayar cuta ta jiki wanda ke shafar jijiyoyi da tsokoki da suke sarrafawa (myasthenia gravis)
• Jiki ba shi da isasshen ƙwayoyin jini ja (cutar ƙarancin jini)
• Gwaji ba zai iya haifar da maniyyi ko homon namiji ba (gazawar testicular)
• Rubuta I ciwon sukari
• Asarar launin ruwan kasa (launi) daga yankunan fatar (vitiligo)

Wasu lalatattun cututtukan ƙwayoyin cuta na iya haifar da ƙarancin adrenal.

Kwayar cututtukan cututtukan Addison na iya haɗawa da kowane ɗayan masu zuwa:

• Ciwon ciki
• Ciwon mara, tashin zuciya, da amai
  
• Duhun fata
• Rashin ruwa
• Dizziness lokacin tashi tsaye
• Feverananan zazzabi
• Sugararancin sukarin jini
• Pressureananan hawan jini
• Matsanancin rauni, gajiya, da jinkirin, motsi mara ƙarfi
• Fata mafi duhu a cikin ciki na kumatu da leɓɓa (mucosa na ciki)
• Neman gishiri (cin abinci tare da ƙarin gishiri mai yawa)
• Rage nauyi tare da rage ci

Bayyanar cututtuka ba za su kasance a kowane lokaci ba. Mutane da yawa suna da wasu ko duk waɗannan alamun yayin da suke kamuwa da cuta ko wata damuwa a jiki. Wasu lokuta, ba su da alamun bayyanar.

Mai ba da sabis na kiwon lafiya zai yi gwajin jiki kuma ya yi tambaya game da alamun.

Zai yiwu a ba da umarnin gwajin jini kuma zai iya nuna:

• Potassiumara yawan potassium
• Pressureananan jini, musamman tare da canjin yanayin jiki
• Levelananan matakin cortisol
• Levelananan matakin sodium
• Pananan pH
• Matakan testosterone da matakan estrogen, amma ƙananan matakin DHEA
• Babban ƙididdigar eosinophil

Ana iya yin oda ƙarin gwaje-gwajen gwaje-gwaje.

Sauran gwaje-gwaje na iya haɗawa da:

• X-ray na ciki
• CT scan na ciki
• Cosyntropin (ACTH) gwajin gwaji

Jiyya tare da maye gurbin corticosteroids da mineralocorticoids zai sarrafa alamun cutar. Wadannan magunguna yawanci ana buƙatar ɗauka don rayuwa.

Kada ka taɓa tsallake magungunan maganinka saboda wannan yanayin saboda halayen barazanar rai na iya faruwa.

Mai ba ku sabis na iya gaya muku ku ƙara sashin ku na ɗan gajeren lokaci saboda:

• Kamuwa da cuta
• Rauni
• Danniya
• Tiyata

Yayinda yake cikin matsanancin halin rashin wadatar jiki, wanda ake kira rikicin adrenal, dole ne ka yi allurar hydrocortisone yanzunnan. Jiyya don ƙananan jini yawanci ana buƙata kuma.

Ana koya wa wasu mutane da ke fama da cutar Addison su ba da kansu allurar gaggawa ta hydrocortisone yayin yanayi mai wahala. Koyaushe ka ɗauki ID na likita (kati, munduwa, ko abun wuya) wanda ya ce kana da ƙarancin adrenal. ID ɗin ya kamata ya faɗi irin magani da sashin da kuke buƙata idan akwai gaggawa.

Tare da maganin hormone, mutane da yawa tare da cutar Addison suna iya yin rayuwa kusan ta yau da kullun.

Matsaloli na iya faruwa idan kuka ɗauki ƙarami kaɗan ko adrenal mai yawa.

Kira mai ba da sabis idan:

• Ba ku da ikon kiyaye magungunan ku saboda amai.
• Kuna da damuwa kamar kamuwa da cuta, rauni, rauni, ko rashin ruwa a jiki. Kila iya buƙatar a gyara muku maganin.
• Nauyin ku yana ƙaruwa a kan lokaci.
• Gwanin idonka ya fara kumbura.
• Kuna ci gaba da sababbin bayyanar cututtuka.
• A kan magani, za ka ci gaba da alamun cuta da ake kira Cushing syndrome

Idan kana da alamun bayyanar rikicin adrenal, yiwa kanka allurar gaggawa na maganin da aka tsara. Idan babu shi, je dakin gaggawa mafi kusa ko kira 911.

Kwayar cututtukan cututtuka na adrenal sun hada da:

• Ciwon ciki
• Rashin numfashi
• Dizziness ko lightheadedness
• Pressureananan hawan jini
• Rage matakin sani

Adrenocortical hypofunction; Rashin isasshen ƙarancin adrenocortical; Inarancin adrenal na farko

• Endocrine gland

Barthel A, Benker G, Berens K, et al. Sabuntawa akan cutar Addison. Exp Clin Endocrinol Ciwon sukari. 2019; 127 (2-03): 165-175. PMID: 30562824 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30562824.

Bornstein SR, Allolio B, Arlt W, da sauransu. Bincike da magani na rashin ƙarfi na farko: tsarin aikin asibiti na Endocrine Society. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2016; 101 (2): 364-389. PMID: PMC4880116 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4880116.

Nieman LK. Karkashin fata. A cikin: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. Magungunan Goldman-Cecil. 25th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: babi na 227.