Ciwon daji na mahaifa - dubawa da rigakafi

Ciwon sankarar mahaifa wani sankara ne da ke farawa a mahaifar mahaifa. Mahaifa shine ƙananan ɓangaren mahaifar (mahaifar) wanda ke buɗewa a saman farjin mace.

Akwai abubuwa da yawa da zaku iya yi don rage damar samun ciwon kansa na mahaifa. Hakanan, mai ba da kula da lafiyarku na iya yin gwaje-gwaje don nemo canjin canjin farko wanda zai iya haifar da cutar kansa, ko gano kansar mahaifa a farkon matakan.

Kusan dukkan cututtukan sankarar mahaifa HPV ne ke haifar da su (kwayar cutar papilloma ta mutum).

• HPV cuta ce ta gama gari wacce ke yaduwa ta hanyar jima'i.
• Wasu nau'ikan HPV na iya haifar da cutar sankarar mahaifa. Waɗannan ana kiransu nau'ikan haɗarin HPV.
• Sauran nau'ikan HPV suna haifar da cututtukan al'aura.

Ana iya daukar kwayar cutar ta HPV daga mutum zuwa mutum ko da kuwa babu alamun warts ko wasu alamun bayyanar.

Akwai allurar riga-kafi don kariya daga nau'in HPV wanda ke haifar da mafi yawan sankarar mahaifa a cikin mata. Alurar rigakafin ita ce:

• An ba da shawarar ga 'yan mata da mata masu shekaru 9 zuwa 26.
• An ba da hoto 2 a cikin girlsan mata masu shekaru 9 zuwa 14, kuma kamar yadda aka yi harbi 3 a cikin matasa shekaru 15 zuwa sama.
• Mafi kyau ga girlsan mata su cika shekaru 11 ko kafin su zama masu yin jima'i. Koyaya, 'yan mata da ƙananan mata waɗanda suka riga sun fara yin jima'i suna iya samun kariya ta rigakafin idan ba su taɓa kamuwa da cutar ba.

Waɗannan kyawawan halayen jima'i na iya taimakawa rage haɗarin kamuwa da HPV da sankarar mahaifa:

• Koyaushe yi amfani da kororon roba. Amma ka sani cewa kwaroron roba ba zai iya kare ka gaba daya ba. Wannan saboda kwayar cutar ko warts na iya kasancewa akan fatar da ke kusa.
• Ka kasance da abokin tarayya guda ɗaya, wanda ka san ba shi da cuta.
• Iyakance yawan abokan zaman aure da kuke dasu akan lokaci.
• KADA KA kasance tare da abokan hulɗa waɗanda ke shiga cikin halayen jima'i masu haɗarin gaske.
• KADA KA shan taba. Shan taba sigari na kara kasadar kamuwa da cutar sankarar mahaifa.

Ciwon sankarar mahaifa yakan zama sannu a hankali. Yana farawa azaman canje-canje masu mahimmanci da ake kira dysplasia. Gwajin likita da ake kira Pap smear zai iya gano Dysplasia.

Dysplasia yana da cikakkiyar magani. Wannan shine dalilin da ya sa yana da mahimmanci mata su riƙa yin gwajin jini na yau da kullun, saboda a cire ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin cuta kafin su zama cutar kansa.

Yakamata a fara binciken smear tun yana shekara 21. Bayan gwajin farko:

• Mata masu shekaru 21 zuwa 29 yakamata su riƙa yin gwajin jini a kowane shekara 3. Ba a ba da shawarar gwajin HPV ba don wannan rukunin shekarun.
• Mata masu shekaru daga 30 zuwa 65 ya kamata a bincika ko wani maganin shafa jini kowane shekara 3 ko gwajin HPV kowane shekara 5.
• Idan ku ko abokiyar zaman ku tana da wasu sabbin abokan, ya kamata ku riƙa yin allurar Pap a kowace shekara 3.
• Mata masu shekaru 65 zuwa 70 na iya daina yin gwajin jini idan dai sun yi gwaji 3 na al'ada cikin shekaru 10 da suka gabata.
• Matan da aka yiwa magani don cutar sankara (dysplasia na mahaifa) ya kamata su ci gaba da yin allurar Pap na shekaru 20 bayan jiyya ko har zuwa shekaru 65, duk wanda ya fi tsayi.

Yi magana da mai baka game da yadda sau da yawa ya kamata kayi gwajin Pap smear ko gwajin HPV.

Ciwon mahaifa - nunawa; HPV - binciken kansar mahaifa; Dysplasia - binciken kansar mahaifa; Ciwon mahaifa - rigakafin HPV

• Pap shafa

Cibiyoyin Kula da Cututtuka da Rigakafin yanar gizo. Human papillomavirus (HPV). Jadawalin rigakafin HPV da allurai. www.cdc.gov/hpv/hcp/schedules-recommendations.html. An sabunta Maris 10, 2017. Iso ga Agusta 5, 2019.

MP Salcedo, Baker ES, Schmeler KM. Intraepithelial neoplasia na ƙananan al'aura (cervix, farji, vulva): ilimin halittar jiki, bincike, ganewar asali, gudanarwa. A cikin: Lobo RA, Gershenson DM, Lentz GM, Valea FA, eds. M Gynecology. 7th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2017: babi na 28.

Kwalejin likitan mata da likitan mata ta Amurka, Kwamiti kan Kula da Kiwon Lafiyar Matasa, Experungiyar Experwararriyar twararren rigakafi. Lambar Ra'ayin Kwamiti 704, Yuni 2017. www.acog.org/Clinical-Guidance-and-Publications/Committee-Opinions/Committee-on-Adolescent-Health-Care/Human-Papillomavirus-Vaccination. An shiga Agusta 5, 2019.

Servicesungiyar Ayyuka na Rigakafin Amurka, Curry SJ, Krist AH, Owens DK, et al. Nunawa game da cutar sankarar mahaifa: Sanarwar shawarar Tasungiyar kungiyar Ayyuka ta Amurka. JAMA. 2018; 320 (7): 674-686. PMID: 30140884 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30140884.

• Ciwon Mahaifa
• Gwajin cutar sankarar mahaifa
• HPV
• Duba lafiyar mata