Kwayar cutar HIV

Wadatacce

• Saboda kwayar cutar HIV bata da rigakafi har yanzu
• Abin da ke da wuya a ƙirƙirar maganin rigakafin HIV

Allurar rigakafin kwayar cutar kanjamau tana cikin matakin nazari, masana kimiyya a duk duniya suna bincike, amma har yanzu babu wani allurar rigakafin da ke da tasiri sosai. A cikin shekarun da suka gabata, akwai ra'ayoyi da yawa da ke nuna cewa za a sami ingantaccen maganin alurar riga kafi, amma, yawancin ba su wuce kashi na biyu na gwajin rigakafin ba, kuma ba a samar da shi ga jama'a ba.

HIV ƙwayar cuta ce mai rikitarwa wacce ke aiki kai tsaye a kan babban ƙwayoyin garkuwar jiki, yana haifar da canje-canje a cikin amsawar garkuwar jiki kuma yana sa ya zama da wahalar yaƙi. Learnara koyo game da kwayar cutar HIV.

Saboda kwayar cutar HIV bata da rigakafi har yanzu

A halin yanzu, babu wani maganin alurar rigakafi mai tasiri game da kwayar cutar HIV, saboda yana yin halayya daban da sauran ƙwayoyin cuta, kamar su mura ko kaza, alal misali. Game da kwayar cutar HIV, kwayar cutar tana shafar ɗayan mahimman ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin cuta a cikin jiki, CD4 T lymphocyte, wanda ke sarrafa tasirin rigakafin dukkan jiki. Alurar rigakafin 'al'ada' tana ba da wani ɓangare na rayayyun ƙwayoyin cuta ko waɗanda suka mutu, wanda ya isa ya sa jiki ya gane wakilin da ke yin laifin kuma ya haɓaka samar da ƙwayoyin cuta game da wannan kwayar.

Koyaya, a game da kwayar cutar HIV, bai wadatar da kawai samar da ƙwayoyin cuta ba, saboda wannan bai isa ga jiki ya yaƙi cutar ba. Masu dauke da kwayar cutar HIV suna da kwayoyi masu yawa da ke yawo a jikinsu, duk da haka waɗannan kwayoyi ba sa iya kawar da kwayar ta HIV. Don haka, ya kamata alurar rigakafin HIV ta yi aiki dabam da sauran nau'ikan rigakafin da ake samu kan ƙwayoyin cuta da suka fi yawa.

Abin da ke da wuya a ƙirƙirar maganin rigakafin HIV

Ofaya daga cikin abubuwan da ke hana ƙirƙirar rigakafin HIV shine gaskiyar cewa kwayar cutar ta afkawa kwayar da ke da alhakin tsara tsarin garkuwar jiki, CD4 T lymphocyte, wanda ke haifar da samar da ƙwayoyin cuta. Bugu da kari, kwayar cutar ta HIV na iya fuskantar sauye-sauye da dama, kuma tana iya samun halaye daban-daban tsakanin mutane. Don haka, koda an sami maganin rigakafin kwayar cutar HIV, wani mutum na iya ɗauke da kwayar cutar da aka gyara, misali, kuma don haka maganin ba zai yi wani tasiri ba.

Wani abin da ke sa karatun ke da wuya shi ne cewa kwayar cutar HIV ba ta da karfi a cikin dabbobi, sabili da haka, ana iya gudanar da gwajin ne kawai da birai (saboda tana da DNA mai kamanceceniya da mutane) ko kuma a jikin mutane kansu. Bincike tare da birrai na da tsada sosai kuma yana da tsauraran dokoki don kare dabbobi, wanda ke sanya irin wannan binciken ba koyaushe ya zama mai amfani ba, kuma a cikin mutane babu bincike da yawa da suka wuce kashi na 2 na karatun, wanda yayi daidai da lokacin da allurar rigakafin ta ke ana gudanar da shi ga mutane da yawa.

Ara koyo game da matakan gwajin alurar riga kafi.

Bugu da kari, an gano nau'ikan HIV da dama da halaye daban-daban, wadanda suka danganci sunadaran da ke dauke da shi. Don haka, saboda bambancin, yin allurar riga-kafi a duniya yana da wahala, saboda allurar rigakafin da zata iya aiki ga wani nau'in kwayar HIV ba zata iya tasiri ga wani ba.