Rigakafin cutar anemia

Anemia wani yanayi ne wanda jiki bashi da isasshen ƙwayoyin jan jini. Kwayoyin jinin ja suna samar da iskar oxygen ga kyallen takarda.

Kwayoyin jinin ja suna aiki na kimanin kwanaki 120 kafin jiki ya rabu da su. A cikin rashin jinin jini, ana lalata jajayen jinin da ke cikin jini da wuri fiye da yadda aka saba.

Anemia hemolytic anemia na faruwa yayin da kwayoyi masu yaduwa suka haifar da jajayen jini na jiki ya lalata su. Wannan na faruwa ne saboda tsarin garkuwar jiki yayi kuskuren gane wadannan kwayoyin jinin a matsayin baki.

Matsaloli da ka iya haddasawa sun hada da:

• Wasu sinadarai, magunguna, da gubobi
• Cututtuka
• Fara jini daga mai bayarwa da nau'in jini wanda bai dace ba
• Wasu kansar

Lokacin da kwayoyin cuta suka hadu akan kwayoyin jinin ja ba tare da wani dalili ba, ana kiran yanayin idiopathic autoimmune hemolytic anemia.

Hakanan za'a iya haifar da kwayoyin cutar ta hanyar:

• Cutar wani cuta
• Bloodarin jinin da ya gabata
• Ciki (idan jinin jinin jariri ya bambanta da na mahaifiyarsa)

Abubuwa masu haɗari suna da alaƙa da musabbabin.

Kila ba ku da alamun bayyanar inemiemia yana da sauƙi. Idan matsalar ta taso sannu a hankali, alamomin da kan iya fara faruwa sun hada da:

• Jin rauni ko kasala sau da yawa fiye da yadda aka saba, ko motsa jiki
• Ciwon kai
• Matsalolin tattara hankali ko tunani

Idan cutar karancin jini ta zama mafi muni, alamun cutar na iya haɗawa da:

• Haskewar kai lokacin da kake tsaye
• Launi mai launi na launi (launi)
• Rashin numfashi
• Ciwon harshe

Kuna iya buƙatar gwaje-gwaje masu zuwa:

• Cikakkar ƙididdigar reticulocyte
• Kai tsaye ko kai tsaye gwajin Coombs
• Hemoglobin a cikin fitsari
• LDH (matakin wannan enzyme ya tashi sakamakon lalacewar nama)
• Yawan jinin jini (RBC), haemoglobin, da hematocrit
• Jinin bilirubin matakin
• Hemoglobin kyauta mai magani
• Maganin haptoglobin
• Donath-Landsteiner gwajin
• Sanyi agglutinins
• Hemoglobin kyauta a cikin magani ko fitsari
• Hemosiderin a cikin fitsari
• Countididdigar platelet
• Protein electrophoresis - magani
• Pyruvate kinase
• Maganin haptoglobin
• Fitsari da fecal urobilinogen

Maganin farko da aka gwada shine mafi yawan lokuta maganin steroid, kamar prednisone. Idan magungunan steroid ba su inganta yanayin ba, za a iya yin la'akari da jiyya tare da rigakafin rigakafin ƙwayoyin cuta na intanevenous (IVIG) ko cire ƙwayoyin hanta (splenectomy).

Kuna iya karɓar magani don kawar da tsarin ku na rigakafi idan baku amsa maganin steroid ba. Anyi amfani da magunguna kamar azathioprine (Imuran), cyclophosphamide (Cytoxan), da rituximab (Rituxan).

Ana ba da ƙarin jini tare da taka tsantsan, saboda jinin na iya zama ba mai jituwa ba kuma yana iya haifar da ƙarin lalata jinin jini.

Cutar na iya farawa da sauri kuma tana da tsanani, ko kuma yana iya zama mara sauƙi kuma baya buƙatar magani na musamman.

A cikin mafi yawan mutane, cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan steroid ko ƙoshin lafiya suna iya sarrafa karancin jini gaba ɗaya.

Anarancin karancin jini da wuya yakan kai ga mutuwa. Babban kamuwa da cuta na iya faruwa a matsayin rikitarwa na jiyya tare da steroid, wasu magunguna waɗanda ke hana tsarin rigakafi, ko splenectomy. Wadannan maganin suna lalata karfin jiki don yakar kamuwa da cuta.

Kira wa mai ba da lafiyar ku idan kuna da gajiya wanda ba a bayyana ba ko ciwon kirji, ko alamun kamuwa da cuta.

Nunawa game da ƙwayoyin cuta a cikin gudummawar jini kuma a cikin mai karɓa na iya hana ƙarancin jini wanda ke da alaƙa da ƙarin jini.

Anemia - rigakafin hemolytic; Autoimmune hemolytic cutar anemia (AIHA)

• Antibodies

Michel M. Autoimmune da cutar hemolytic anemias. A cikin: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. Magungunan Goldman-Cecil. 26th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: babi na 151.

Michel M, Jäger U. Autoimmune cutar hemolytic. A cikin: Hoffman R, Benz EJ, Silberstein LE, et al, eds. Hematology: Ka'idoji da Aiki. 7th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: babi na 46.