Rashin hankali saboda sababi na rayuwa

Rashin hankali shine asarar aikin kwakwalwa wanda ke faruwa tare da wasu cututtuka.

Rashin hankali saboda dalilai na rayuwa shine asarar aikin ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya wanda zai iya faruwa tare da matakan ƙwayoyin cuta mara kyau a cikin jiki. Tare da wasu daga cikin waɗannan rikice-rikice, idan aka bi da wuri, lalacewar kwakwalwa na iya zama mai juyawa. Idan ba a kula ba, lalacewar ƙwaƙwalwa ta dindindin, kamar lalata, na iya faruwa.

Matsalolin da za su iya haifar da cutar rashin hankali sun hada da:

• Hormonal cuta, kamar Addison cuta, Cushing cuta
• Karfin karfe mai nauyi, kamar su jagoranci, arsenic, mercury, ko manganese
• Maimaita lokuttan ƙananan sukari na jini (hypoglycemia), galibi ana gani a cikin mutanen da ke da ciwon sukari waɗanda ke amfani da insulin
• Babban matakin alli a cikin jini, kamar saboda hyperparathyroidism
• Levelananan matakin hormone na thyroid (hypothyroidism) ko babban matakin thyroid hormone (thyrotoxicosis) a cikin jiki
• Ciwan hanta
• Rashin koda
• Rashin lafiyar abinci, irin su rashin bitamin B1, rashin bitamin B12, pellagra, ko rashin abinci mai gina jiki-kalori
• Porphyria
• Guba, kamar methanol
• Amfani da giya mai tsanani
• Cutar Wilson
• Rashin lafiya na mitochondria (ɓangarorin samar da makamashi)
• Canje-canje cikin sauri a matakin sodium

Rashin ƙwayar cuta na rayuwa na iya haifar da rikicewa da canje-canje a cikin tunani ko tunani. Waɗannan canje-canjen na iya zama na ɗan lokaci ko na dindindin. Rashin hankali yana faruwa ne lokacin da alamun ba za su sake juyawa ba. Kwayar cutar na iya bambanta ga kowa. Sun dogara ne da yanayin lafiyar da ke haifar da cutar ƙwaƙwalwa.

Alamomin farko na cutar tabin hankali na iya haɗawa da:

• Matsaloli tare da ayyuka waɗanda ke ɗaukar tunani amma sun kasance suna zuwa sauƙin, kamar daidaita littafin dubawa, yin wasanni (kamar gada), da koyon sabon bayani ko abubuwan yau da kullun
• Batarwa akan hanyoyin da aka sani
• Matsalolin yare, kamar matsala tare da sunayen abubuwan da aka sani
• Rashin sha'awar abubuwan da aka taɓa jin daɗinsu, yanayin kwanciyar hankali
• Misplacing abubuwa
• Canje-canjen ɗabi'a da asarar ƙwarewar zamantakewar jama'a, wanda zai haifar da halaye marasa kyau
• Canje-canje na yanayi wanda zai iya haifar da lokacin tashin hankali da damuwa
  
• Rashin aiki a aiki wanda ke haifar da raunin ko rasa aiki
  

Yayinda cutar ƙwaƙwalwa ke ƙara muni, alamun bayyanar sun bayyana kuma suna tsoma baki tare da ikon kula da kanku:

• Canza yanayin bacci, yawanci tashi da daddare
• Mantawa da cikakkun bayanai game da al'amuran yau da kullun, manta abubuwan da suka faru a tarihin rayuwar mutum
• Samun wahala yin ayyukan yau da kullun, kamar shirya abinci, zaɓar sutura mai kyau, ko tuƙi
• Samun mafarkai, jayayya, fitarwa, da kuma nuna ƙarfi
• Difficultyarin wahalar karatu ko rubutu
• Rashin yanke hukunci da rasa ikon gane hatsari
• Amfani da kalma ba daidai ba, ba furta kalmomin daidai, magana a cikin jumloli masu rikicewa
• Janyewa daga lambar sada zumunta

Mutum na iya samun alamun bayyanar daga cutar da ta haifar da cutar ƙwaƙwalwa.

Dangane da dalilin, ana yin tsarin juyayi (binciken neurologic) don gano matsalolin.

Gwaje-gwajen don gano yanayin rashin lafiya wanda ke haifar da lalatawar na iya haɗawa da:

• Ammonia matakin cikin jini
• Jikin sunadarai na jini, wutan lantarki
• Matakan glucose na jini
• BUN, creatinine don bincika aikin koda
• Gwajin aikin hanta
• Lumbar huda (kashin baya)
• Gwajin abinci
• Gwajin aikin thyroid
• Fitsari
• Vitamin B12 matakin

Don kawar da wasu rikicewar kwakwalwa, EEG (electroencephalogram), kan CT scan, ko kuma hoton MRI yawanci ana yin sa.

Manufar magani ita ce sarrafa cuta da kuma kula da alamun cutar. Tare da wasu cututtukan rayuwa, magani na iya dakatarwa ko ma sake bayyanar da alamun rashin lafiyar.

Magungunan da ake amfani da su don magance cutar Alzheimer ba a nuna su suna aiki da waɗannan nau'in cuta ba. Wani lokaci, ana amfani da waɗannan kwayoyi ta wata hanya, lokacin da sauran jiyya suka kasa sarrafa matsalolin da ke haifar da hakan.

Hakanan ya kamata a shirya tsare-tsaren kula da gida ga mutanen da ke da cutar ƙwaƙwalwa.

Sakamakon ya bambanta, ya danganta da dalilin rashin hankali da yawan lalacewar kwakwalwa.

Matsaloli na iya haɗawa da masu zuwa:

• Rashin ikon aiki ko kula da kai
• Rashin ikon hulɗa
• Ciwon huhu, cututtukan fitsari, da cututtukan fata
• Ciwan kai
• Kwayar cututtukan da ke haifar da matsalar (kamar rashin jin dadi saboda ciwon jijiya daga raunin bitamin B12)

Kira don alƙawari tare da mai ba da sabis na kiwon lafiya idan bayyanar cututtuka ta ƙara muni ko ci gaba. Je zuwa dakin gaggawa ko kira lambar gaggawa na cikin gida (kamar 911) idan akwai canji ba da daɗewa ba a cikin halin hauka ko na gaggawa na barazanar rai.

Yin maganin abin da ke haddasawa na iya rage haɗarin lalatawar ƙwayar cuta.

Kwakwalwar kwakwalwa - rayuwa; Ildanƙan da hankali - na rayuwa; MCI - na rayuwa

• Brain
• Brain da tsarin juyayi

Budson AE, Solomon PR. Sauran rikice-rikicen da ke haifar da asarar ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya ko tabin hankali. A cikin: Budson AE, Solomon PR, eds. Lalacewar Memory, Cutar Alzheimer, da Hauka. 2nd ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: babi na 14.

Knopman DS. Rashin hankali da hauka. A cikin: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. Magungunan Goldman-Cecil. 26th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: babi na 374.

Peterson R, Graff-Radford J. Alzheimer cuta da sauran lalata. A cikin: Daroff RB, Jankovic J, Mazziotta JC, Pomeroy SL, eds. Bradley's Neurology a cikin Clinical Practice. 7th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: babi na 95.