Neuralgia na asali

Neuralgia na Trigeminal (TN) cuta ce ta jijiya. Yana haifar da soka ko jin zafi kamar wutar lantarki a sassan fuska.

Jin zafi na TN ya fito ne daga jijiya. Wannan jijiyar tana ɗauke da azanci na taɓawa da zafi daga fuska, idanu, sinus, da baki zuwa kwakwalwa.

Uralunƙarin ƙwayar jijiyoyin jiki na iya haifar da:

• Mahara sclerosis (MS) ko wasu cututtukan da ke lalata myelin da ke rufe jijiyoyi
• Matsin lamba akan jijiyar mai cutar daga kumburin kumburin jini ko ƙari
• Rauni ga jijiyar, kamar daga rauni zuwa fuska ko daga tiyatar baki ko ta sinus

Sau da yawa, ba a samo ainihin dalilin. TN yawanci yakan shafi manya sama da shekaru 50, amma yana iya faruwa a kowane zamani. Mata sun fi shafar maza fiye da maza. Lokacin da TN ke shafar mutane matasa fiye da 40, sau da yawa saboda MS ko ƙari.

Kwayar cutar na iya haɗawa da ɗayan masu zuwa:

• Mai raɗaɗi mai zafi, kaifi-kamar spasms na lantarki wanda yawanci yakan ɗauki daga sakan da yawa zuwa ƙasa da minti 2, amma zai iya zama mai ɗorewa.
• Jin zafi yawanci kawai a gefe ɗaya na fuska, sau da yawa a kusa da ido, kunci, da ƙananan ɓangaren fuska.
• Yawanci ba a rasa jin daɗi ko motsin ɓangaren da abin ya shafa.
• Za'a iya jawo ciwo ta taɓa ko sauti.

Za'a iya haifar da mummunan hare-hare na ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta ta yau da kullun, ayyukan yau da kullun, kamar:

• Magana
• Murmushi
• Burushi hakora
• Taunawa
• Shan abin sha
• Cin abinci
• Bayyanawa ga zazzabi mai zafi ko sanyi
• Shafar fuska
• Aski
• Iska
• Aiwatar da kayan shafawa

Hannun dama na fuska yafi shafa. A wasu lokuta, TN yana tafiya da kansa.

Binciken kwakwalwa da na juyayi (neurologic) galibi al'ada ce. Gwaje-gwajen da aka yi don neman dalilin na iya haɗawa da:

• Kammala lissafin jini
• Erythrocyte sedimentation kudi (ESR)
• MRI na kai
• MRA (angiography) na kwakwalwa
• Gwajin ido (don kawar da cutar intraocular)
  
• Binciken CT na kai (wanda ba zai iya shan MRI ba)
  
• Gwajin motsa jiki na gwaji (a wasu lokuta)

Likitan likitanku na farko, likitan jijiyoyi, ko ƙwararren mai ciwo na iya kasancewa cikin kulawar ku.

Wasu magunguna wasu lokuta suna taimakawa rage zafi da ƙimar hare-hare. Wadannan magunguna sun hada da:

• Magungunan rigakafin kamawa, kamar su carbamazepine
• Masu narkar da tsoka, kamar su baclofen
• Magungunan antioxidric na Tricyclic

Saurin ciwo na gajeren lokaci yana faruwa ta hanyar tiyata, amma yana da alaƙa da haɗarin rikitarwa. Surgeryaya daga cikin aikin tiyata ana kiransa ƙwayar cuta (MVD) ko tsarin Jannetta. Yayin aikin tiyata, ana sanya abu mai kama da soso tsakanin jijiyar da jijiyar jini da ke matse jijiyar.

Maganin jijiyoyin jijiyoyin jiki (allura) tare da maganin cikin gida da steroid shine kyakkyawan zaɓi na magani don saurin saurin ciwo yayin jiran magunguna suyi aiki.

Sauran fasahohin sun haɗa da lalatawa ko yankan ɓangarorin tushen jijiya. Hanyar da aka yi amfani da ita sun haɗa da:

• Rushewar yanayin yanayin rediyo (yana amfani da zafi mai ƙarfi)
• Allurar glycerol ko barasa
• Balam microcompression
• Radiosurgery (yana amfani da ƙarfi mai ƙarfi)

Idan ƙari shine dalilin TN, ana yin tiyata don cire shi.

Yadda za ku yi daidai ya dogara da dalilin matsalar. Idan babu wata cuta da ke haifar da matsalar, magani na iya ba da ɗan sauƙi.

A wasu mutane, ciwon yana zama mai tsanani kuma mai tsanani.

Matsaloli na iya haɗawa da:

• Sakamakon sakamako na magunguna da ake amfani dasu don magance TN
• Matsalolin da hanyoyin suka haifar, kamar rashin ji a yankin da aka kula da shi
• Rage nauyi daga rashin cin abinci don kaucewa haifar da ciwo
• Guje wa wasu mutane idan magana tana jawo zafi
• Bacin rai, kashe kansa
• Babban matakan damuwa yayin mummunan hari

Tuntuɓi mai ba da lafiyar ku idan kuna da alamun TN, ko alamun ku na TN sun daɗa muni.

Tic douloureux; Cranial neuralgia; Jin zafi na fuska - trigeminal; Neuralgia na fuska; Neuralgia na Trifacial; Jin zafi na kullum - trigeminal; Cutar da kwayar cuta - trigeminal

• Tsarin juyayi na tsakiya da tsarin juyayi na gefe

Bendtsen L, Zakrzewska JM, Heinskou TB, et al. Ci gaba a cikin ganewar asali, rarrabuwa, pathophysiology, da kuma kula da cututtukan neuralgia. Lancet Neurol. 2020; 19 (9): 784-796. PMID: 32822636 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32822636/.

Gonzales TS. Jin zafi na fuska da cututtukan neuromuscular. A cikin: Neville BW, Damm DD, Allen CM, Chi AC, eds. Na baka da Maxillofacial Pathology. 4th ed. St Louis, MO: Elsevier; 2016: babi na 18.

Stettler BA. Brain da cututtukan jijiyoyin jiki. A cikin: Walls RM, Hockberger RS, Gausche-Hill M, eds. Magungunan gaggawa na Rosen: Ka'idoji da Aikin Gwajin Asibiti. 9th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: babi na 95.

Waldman SD. Neuralgia na asali. A cikin: Waldman SD, ed. Atlas na cututtukan ciwo na yau da kullun. 4th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: babi 10.