Lalacewar jijiyoyin jini

Dementia asara ce ta ci gaba da aikin ƙwaƙwalwa a hankali. Wannan yana faruwa tare da wasu cututtuka. Yana shafar ƙwaƙwalwa, tunani, yare, hukunci, da ɗabi'a.

Lalacewar jijiyoyin jijiyoyin jiki ta samo asali ne daga wasu kananan shanyewar jiki na tsawon lokaci.

Lalacewar jijiyoyin jini ita ce cuta ta biyu da ta fi kamuwa da cutar mantuwa bayan cutar Alzheimer a cikin mutane sama da shekaru 65.

Lalacewar jijiyoyin jijiyoyin jiki ta samo asali ne daga kananan kananan shanyewar jiki.

• Bugun jini wata damuwa ce ko toshewar samar da jini zuwa kowane ɓangare na kwakwalwa. Wani bugun jini kuma ana kiransa infarct. Multi-infarct yana nufin cewa sama da yanki a cikin kwakwalwa sun sami rauni saboda rashin jini.
• Idan an dakatar da zirga-zirgar jini na tsawon 'yan sakan, kwakwalwa ba za ta iya samun iskar oxygen ba. Kwayoyin kwakwalwa na iya mutuwa, suna haifar da lahani na dindindin.
• Lokacin da shanyewar jiki ya shafi ƙaramin yanki, ƙila ba alamun alamun. Wadannan ana kiran su bugun jini mara nauyi. Bayan lokaci, yayin da yawancin wurare na kwakwalwa suka lalace, alamun alamun rashin hankali suna bayyana.
• Ba duk bugun jini bane yake shiru. Stroananan bugun jini waɗanda ke shafar ƙarfi, ji, ko wani aiki na ƙwaƙwalwa da jijiyoyin jiki (neurologic) na iya haifar da rashin hankali.

Dalilai masu hadari na cutar tabin hankali sun hada da:

• Ciwon suga
• Eningarfafa jijiyoyin jini (atherosclerosis), cututtukan zuciya
• Hawan jini (hauhawar jini)
• Shan taba
• Buguwa

Hakanan wasu cututtukan ƙwaƙwalwa na iya haifar da alamun rashin hankali. Wata irin wannan cuta ita ce cutar Alzheimer. Kwayar cututtukan Alzheimer na iya zama iri ɗaya da na lalata ƙwayoyin cuta. Lalacewar jijiyoyin jini da cutar Alzheimer sune mafi yawan dalilan rashin hankali, kuma suna iya faruwa tare.

Kwayar cututtukan ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar jijiyoyin jiki na iya haɓaka a hankali ko kuma na iya ci gaba bayan kowane ƙaramin bugun jini.

Kwayar cututtuka na iya farawa farat ɗaya bayan kowane bugun jini. Wasu mutanen da ke fama da cutar ƙwaƙwalwar jijiyoyin jiki na iya inganta na ɗan gajeren lokaci, amma sun ƙi bayan sun sami ƙarin shanyewar jiki. Kwayar cututtukan cututtukan ƙwaƙwalwar jijiyoyin jini za su dogara ne da yankunan ƙwaƙwalwar da suka ji rauni saboda bugun jini.

Alamomin farko na cutar hauka na iya haɗawa da:

• Matsalar aiwatar da ayyukan da ke zuwa sauƙaƙe, kamar daidaita littafin bincike, yin wasanni (kamar gada), da koyon sabon bayani ko abubuwan yau da kullun
• Batarwa akan hanyoyin da aka sani
• Matsalar yare, kamar matsalar gano sunan abubuwan da aka sani
• Rashin sha'awar abubuwan da kuka taɓa jin daɗinsu, yanayin kwanciyar hankali
• Misplacing abubuwa
• Canje-canjen mutum da asarar ƙwarewar zamantakewar ku da canje-canjen ɗabi'a

Yayinda cutar ƙwaƙwalwa ta kara taɓarɓarewa, bayyanar cututtuka sun bayyana karara kuma ikon kula da kai ya ragu. Kwayar cutar na iya haɗawa da:

• Canji a yanayin bacci, galibi yakan farka da dare
• Matsalar yin ayyuka na asali, kamar shirya abinci, zaɓar tufafi mai kyau, ko tuƙi
• Mantawa da cikakken bayani game da abubuwan da ke faruwa a yanzu
• Manta abubuwan da suka faru a tarihin rayuwar ku, rasa sanin wanene ku
• Samun yaudara, damuwa, ko damuwa
• Samun mafarki, jayayya, fitarwa, ko halayyar tashin hankali
• Samun wahalar karatu ko rubutu
• Samun mummunan tunani da asarar ikon gane haɗari
• Amfani da kalma ba daidai ba, ba furta kalmomin daidai, ko magana a cikin jumloli masu rikicewa
• Janyewa daga lambar sada zumunta

Matsalolin jijiyoyi (neurologic) waɗanda ke faruwa tare da bugun jini na iya kasancewa.

Ana iya yin odar gwaje-gwaje don taimakawa tantance ko wasu matsalolin likita na iya haifar da lalata ko sa shi ya zama mafi muni, kamar:

• Anemia
• Ciwon kwakwalwa
• Cututtuka na kullum
• Magungunan ƙwayoyi da magani (yawan abin sama)
• Tsananin damuwa
• Ciwon thyroid
• Rashin bitamin

Sauran gwaje-gwajen ana iya yin su don gano menene ɓangarorin tunani da abin ya shafa da kuma jagorantar sauran gwajin.

Gwajin da za su iya nuna shaidar shanyewar jiki na baya a cikin kwakwalwa na iya haɗawa da:

• Shugaban CT scan
• MRI na kwakwalwa

Babu magani don mayar da lalacewar ƙwaƙwalwar da ƙananan ƙananan bugun jini suka haifar.

Babban maƙasudi shi ne sarrafa alamomin da daidaita abubuwan haɗarin. Don hana bugun jini na gaba:

• Guji abinci mai maiko. Bi abinci mai kyau, mai ƙarancin mai.
• KADA KA sha giya sama da 1 zuwa 2 a rana.
• Rike karfin jini kasa da 130/80 mm / Hg. Tambayi likitan ku me ya kamata jinin ku ya zama.
• Rike LDL "mara kyau" cholesterol ƙasa da 70 mg / dL.
• KADA KA shan taba.
• Likita na iya bayar da shawarar masu rage jini, kamar su asfirin, don taimakawa hana daskarewar jini daga samuwar jijiyoyin jini. KADA KA fara shan aspirin ko ka daina shan shi ba tare da yin magana da likitanka ba da farko.

Manufofin taimaka wa wani da ke fama da cutar ƙwaƙwalwa a cikin gida su ne:

• Sarrafa matsalolin halayya, rikicewa, matsalolin bacci, da tashin hankali
• Cire haɗarin aminci a cikin gida
• Tallafawa yan uwa da sauran masu kulawa

Za'a iya buƙatar magunguna don sarrafa halayyar tashin hankali, ta da hankali, ko kuma ta haɗari.

Magungunan da aka yi amfani da su don magance cutar Alzheimer ba a nuna su suna aiki da cutar ƙwaƙwalwar jijiyoyin jini ba.

Wasu ci gaba na iya faruwa na ɗan gajeren lokaci, amma rikicewar zai zama mafi muni gaba ɗaya kan lokaci.

Matsalolin sun hada da masu zuwa:

• Shanyewar gaba
• Ciwon zuciya
• Rashin ikon aiki ko kula da kai
• Rashin ikon hulɗa
• Ciwon huhu, cututtukan fitsari, cututtukan fata
• Ciwan kai

Tuntuɓi likitanka idan alamun rashin lafiyar lalata jijiyoyin jini suka faru. Je zuwa dakin gaggawa ko kira lambar gaggawa na cikin gida (kamar 911) idan akwai sauyi kwatsam a cikin halin tunani, jin dadi, ko motsi. Waɗannan su ne alamun gaggawa na bugun jini.

Yanayin sarrafawa wanda ke ƙara haɗarin ƙarfin jijiyoyin jini (atherosclerosis) ta:

• Kula da hawan jini
• Gudanar da nauyi
• Tsaida amfani da kayan taba
• Rage kitsen mai da gishiri a cikin abincin
• Kula da rikice-rikice masu alaƙa

Tsakiya; Dementia - yawancin infarct; Dementia - bayan bugun jini; Lalatar mahaifa da yawa; Labarin jijiyoyin jijiyoyin jiki; VaD; Ciwon ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwa; Marancin fahimta mai rauni - jijiyoyin bugun jini; MCI - jijiyoyin bugun jini; Cutar Binswanger

• Dementia - abin da za a tambayi likita

• Tsarin juyayi na tsakiya da tsarin juyayi na gefe
• Brain
• Brain da tsarin juyayi
• Tsarin kwakwalwa

Budson AE, Solomon PR. Lalacewar jijiyoyin jini da nakasawar jijiyoyin jiki. A cikin: Budson AE, Solomon PR, eds. Lalacewar Memory, Cutar Alzheimer, da Hauka. 2nd ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: babi na 6.

Knopman DS. Rashin hankali da hauka. A cikin: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. Magungunan Goldman-Cecil. 26th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: babi na 374.

Peterson R, Graff-Radford J. Alzheimer cuta da sauran lalata. A cikin: Daroff RB, Jankovic J, Mazziotta JC, Pomeroy SL, eds. Bradley's Neurology a cikin Clinical Practice. 7th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: babi na 95.

Seshadri S, Tattalin Arzikin A, Wright C. Ciwon jijiyoyin jiki da nakasa fahimi. A cikin: Grotta JC, Albers GW, Broderick JP et al, eds. Bugun jini: Pathophysiology, Diagnosis, and Management. Na 6 ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: babi na 17.