Rashin lafiyar Autoimmune

Rashin lafiyar jiki yana faruwa lokacin da tsarin garkuwar jiki ya kai hari da lalata ƙoshin lafiyar lafiyayyar bisa kuskure. Akwai fiye da nau'ikan 80 na cututtukan autoimmune.

Kwayoyin jinin dake jikin garkuwar jiki suna taimakawa kariya daga abubuwa masu illa. Misalan sun hada da kwayoyin cuta, ƙwayoyin cuta, gubobi, ƙwayoyin kansa, da jini da nama daga wajen jiki. Wadannan abubuwa suna dauke da kwayoyin antigens. Tsarin garkuwar jiki yana samar da kwayoyin cuta akan wadannan kwayoyin halittar wadanda suke bashi damar lalata wadannan abubuwa masu illa.

Lokacin da kake da cuta na rashin lafiyar jiki, tsarin garkuwar ku ba ya rarrabe tsakanin lafiyayyen nama da ƙwayoyin antigens masu yuwuwa. A sakamakon haka, jiki ya fara yin wani abu wanda zai lalata kayan aiki na yau da kullun.

Ba a san ainihin abin da ke haifar da cutar rashin kuzari ba. Theoryaya daga cikin ka'idojin shine wasu ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta (kamar ƙwayoyin cuta ko ƙwayoyin cuta) ko magunguna na iya haifar da canje-canje waɗanda ke rikitar da tsarin garkuwar jiki. Wannan na iya faruwa sau da yawa a cikin mutanen da ke da ƙwayoyin halitta waɗanda ke sa su zama masu saurin kamuwa da cuta ta atomatik.

Rashin lafiyar jiki na iya haifar da:

• Halakar kayan jikin mutum
• Rashin ci gaban al'ada
• Canje-canje a cikin aikin gabobi

Rashin lafiyar jiki na iya shafar ɗaya ko fiye da gabobin ko nau'in nama. Yankunan da cutar ta atomatik ke shafa sun haɗa da:

• Maganin jini
• Abubuwan haɗin kai
• Endocrine gland kamar su thyroid ko pancreas
• Gidajen abinci
• Tsoka
• Jajayen kwayoyin jini
• Fata

Mutum na iya samun cuta fiye da ɗaya a lokaci guda. Rikicin autoimmune na yau da kullun ya haɗa da:

• Addison cuta
• Celiac cuta - sprue (cututtukan zuciya mai saurin damuwa)
• Dermatomyositis
• Cutar kabari
• Hashimoto thyroiditis
• Mahara sclerosis
• Yankin Myasthenia
• Anemia mai ciwo
• Magungunan arthritis
• Rheumatoid amosanin gabbai
• Ciwon Sjögren
• Tsarin lupus erythematosus
• Rubuta I ciwon sukari

Kwayar cutar za ta bambanta, dangane da nau'in da wurin da ba daidai ba. Kwayar cutar ta yau da kullun sun haɗa da:

• Gajiya
• Zazzaɓi
• Jin ciwo na musamman (rashin lafiyar jiki)
• Hadin gwiwa
• Rash

Mai ba da sabis na kiwon lafiya zai yi gwajin jiki. Alamu sun dogara da nau'in cuta.

Gwaje-gwajen da za a iya yi don bincika cutar rashin kumburi ta atomatik sun haɗa da:

• Antinuclear antibody gwaje-gwaje
• Gwajin Autoantibody
• CBC
• M rayuwa panel
• Furotin C-mai amsawa (CRP)
• Erythrocyte sedimentation kudi (ESR)
• Fitsari

Makasudin magani shine:

• Sarrafa tsarin sarrafa kansa
• Kula da ikon jiki don yaƙar cuta
• Rage bayyanar cututtuka

Jiyya zai dogara ne akan cutar ku da alamomin ku. Nau'in jiyya sun hada da:

• Abubuwan kari don maye gurbin wani abu da jiki ya rasa, kamar su hormone na thyroid, bitamin B12, ko insulin, saboda cutar autoimmune
• Karin jini idan jini ya shafa
• Magungunan jiki don taimakawa tare da motsi idan ƙasusuwa, haɗin gwiwa, ko tsokoki sun shafi

Mutane da yawa suna shan magunguna don rage yawan martani ga tsarin garkuwar jiki. Wadannan galibi ana kiran su magungunan rigakafi. Misalan sun hada da corticosteroids (kamar su prednisone) da magungunan nonsteroid kamar azathioprine, cyclophosphamide, mycophenolate, sirolimus, ko tacrolimus. Za a iya amfani da ƙwayoyi masu niyya irin su masu hana ƙwayoyin cuta necrosis factor (TNF) da masu hana magungunan Interleukin don wasu cututtuka.

Sakamakon ya dogara da cutar. Yawancin cututtukan autoimmune na yau da kullun ne, amma da yawa ana iya sarrafa su ta hanyar magani.

Kwayar cututtukan cututtuka na autoimmune na iya zuwa kuma tafi. Lokacin da alamomin suka tsananta, akan kira shi da tashin hankali.

Matsalolin sun dogara ne da cutar. Magungunan da ake amfani da su don kawar da tsarin rigakafi na iya haifar da sakamako mai tsanani, kamar haɗarin kamuwa da cuta.

Kira mai ba ku sabis idan kun ci gaba bayyanar cututtuka na rashin lafiyar kansa.

Babu wata sananniyar rigakafi don mafi yawan cututtukan autoimmune.

• Cutar kabari
• Hashimoto na cutar (na kullum thyroiditis)
• Mahara sclerosis
• Rheumatoid amosanin gabbai
• Rheumatoid amosanin gabbai
• Tsarin lupus erythematosus
• Ruwan Synovial
• Rheumatoid amosanin gabbai
• Antibodies

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Peakman M, Buckland MS. Tsarin rigakafi da cuta. A cikin: Kumar P, Clark M, eds. Kumar da Clarke's Clinical Medicine. 9th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2017: babi na 8.

Lokacin hunturu MU, Harris NS, Merkel KL, Collinsworth AL, Clapp WL. Kwayoyin cuta na musamman na kwayoyin cuta. A cikin: McPherson RA, Pincus MR, eds. Henry's Clinical Diagnosis and Management by Hanyoyin Laboratory. 23 ga ed. St Louis, MO: Elsevier; 2017: babi na 54.