Magungunan ƙwayoyi

Magungunan ƙwayoyi rukuni ne na alamun bayyanar cutar ta rashin lafiyan magani (magani).

Maganin ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta ya haɗa da amsawar rigakafi a cikin jiki wanda ke haifar da rashin lafiyan maganin.

Lokaci na farko da kuka sha maganin, ƙila ba ku da matsala. Amma, garkuwar jikinka na iya samar da wani abu (antibody) akan wannan maganin. Lokaci na gaba da zaka sha magani, antibody na iya gaya wa ƙwayoyin farin ka su yi sinadarin da ake kira histamine. Tarihin tarihi da sauran sunadarai suna haifar da alamun rashin lafiyar ku.

Kwayoyin cutar da ke haifar da cutar rashin lafiya sun hada da:

• Magungunan da ake amfani dasu don magance kamuwa da cuta
• Insulin (musamman ma dabbobin insulin)
• Abubuwan da ke dauke da iodine, kamar su dye na bambancin rayukan rai (waɗannan na iya haifar da alerji-kamar halayen)
• Penicillin da magungunan rigakafi
• Magungunan Sulfa

Mafi yawan illolin da ke tattare da ƙwayoyi ba saboda wani rashin lafiyan da ya faru ba ne ta hanyar samuwar ƙwayoyin cuta na IgE. Misali, asfirin na iya haifar da amosani ko haifar da asma ba tare da ya hada da garkuwar jiki ba. Mutane da yawa suna rikita rikitarwa na wani magani (kamar tashin zuciya) tare da rashin lafiyar magani.

Yawancin cututtukan ƙwayoyi suna haifar da ƙananan fata da amya. Wadannan alamun na iya faruwa kai tsaye ko awanni bayan karɓar magani. Ciwon ƙwayar cuta shine nau'in jinkirin jinkiri wanda ke faruwa mako ɗaya ko fiye bayan an fallasa ku ga magani ko rigakafi.

Kwayar cututtukan yau da kullun na rashin lafiyar miyagun ƙwayoyi sun haɗa da:

• Kyauta
• Itaiƙayi na fata ko idanu (na kowa)
• Rushewar fata (gama gari)
• Kumburin lebe, harshe, ko fuska
• Hanzari

Kwayar cututtukan anafilaxis sun haɗa da:

• Ciwon ciki ko naƙura
• Rikicewa
• Gudawa
• Wahalar numfashi tare da shaƙar iska ko murya mai ƙarfi
• Dizziness
• Sumewa, rashin nutsuwa
• Yana tafiya akan sassa daban-daban na jiki
• Tashin zuciya, amai
• Gudun bugun jini
• Jin azancin bugun zuciya (bugun zuciya)

Gwaji na iya nuna:

• Rage karfin jini
• Kyauta
• Rash
• Kumburin lebe, fuska, ko harshe (angioedema)
• Hanzari

Gwajin fata na iya taimakawa wajen gano rashin lafiyar magungunan irin penicillin. Babu kyawawan fata ko gwajin jini don taimakawa gano wasu cututtukan ƙwayoyi.

Idan kuna da alamun rashin lafiyan-kamar alamomin bayan shan magani ko karɓar bambanci (dye) kafin samun x-ray, mai ba da kula da lafiyarku koyaushe zai gaya muku cewa wannan hujja ce ta rashin lafiyan magani. Ba kwa buƙatar ƙarin gwaji.

Makasudin magani shine don taimakawa bayyanar cututtuka da kuma hana mummunan sakamako.

Jiyya na iya haɗawa da:

• Antihistamines don taimakawa ƙananan alamun bayyanar kamar kurji, amya, da ƙaiƙayi
• Bronchodilators kamar su albuterol don rage asma-kamar bayyanar cututtuka (matsakaiciyar iska ko tari)
• Corticosteroids ana shafawa ga fata, ana bayarwa ta bakin, ko kuma ana bayarwa ta jijiya (intravenously)
• Epinephrine ta allura don magance anafilaxis

Ya kamata a guji magungunan da ke yin laifi da makamantansu. Tabbatar cewa duk masu samarda ku - ciki har da likitocin hakora da ma'aikatan asibiti - ku sani game da duk wata cutar rashin magani da ku da yaranku ke da ita.

A wasu lokuta, maganin penicillin (ko wasu magunguna) na amsar lalatawa. Wannan magani ya haɗa da ba da ƙananan ƙwayoyi a farko, sannan manyan magunguna da yawa don magani don inganta haƙuri game da magani. Wannan aikin yakamata ayi ta kawai ta hanyar likitan alerji, lokacin da babu wani madadin magani da zaku sha.

Yawancin cututtukan ƙwayoyi suna amsawa ga magani. Amma wani lokacin, suna iya haifar da asma mai tsanani, anaphylaxis, ko mutuwa.

Kira mai ba ku sabis idan kuna shan magani kuma da alama kuna da tasiri game da shi.

Je zuwa dakin gaggawa ko kira lambar gaggawa na cikin gida (kamar su 911) idan kuna wahalar numfashi ko kuma haifar da wasu alamu na tsananin asma ko anaphylaxis. Waɗannan su ne yanayin gaggawa.

Gabaɗaya babu hanyar da za a iya hana alerji na ƙwayoyi.

Idan kana da sanannen rashin lafiyan magani, gujewa maganin shine hanya mafi kyau don hana halayen rashin lafiyan. Hakanan za'a iya gaya maka ka guji irin waɗannan magunguna.

A wasu lokuta, mai ba da sabis na iya amincewa da amfani da magani wanda ke haifar da rashin lafiyan idan an fara bi da ku da magunguna waɗanda ke jinkirta ko toshe amsawar garkuwar jiki. Wadannan sun hada da corticosteroids (kamar prednisone) da antihistamines. Kada a gwada wannan ba tare da kulawar mai bayarwa ba. An nuna kulawa ta farko tare da corticosteroids da antihistamines don hana halayen rashin lafiyan a cikin mutanen da suke buƙatar samun fenti mai bambancin x-ray.

Mai ba ka sabis na iya bayar da shawarar rashin lalata abubuwa.

Maganin rashin lafiyan - magani (magani); Magungunan ƙwayoyi Kulawa da magunguna

• Anaphylaxis
• Kyauta
• Maganin rashin lafiyan magani
• Dermatitis - lamba
• Dermatitis - pustular lamba
• Rushewar ƙwayoyi - Tegretol
• Kafaffen fashewar magani
• Kafaffen fashewar magani - bullous
• Kafaffen fashewar magani a kunci
• Rushewar ƙwayoyi a baya
• Antibodies

Barksdale AN, Muelleman RL. Allerji, rashin kuzari, da anaphylaxis. A cikin: Walls RM, Hockberger RS, Gausche-Hill M, eds. Magungunan gaggawa na Rosen: Ka'idoji da Aikin Gwajin Asibiti. 9th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: babi 109.

Grammer LC. Magungunan ƙwayoyi A cikin: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. Magungunan Goldman-Cecil. 26th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: babi na 239.

Solensky R, Phillips EJ. Magungunan ƙwayoyi A cikin: Burks AW, Holgate ST, O'Hehir RE, et al, eds. Middleton ta Allergy: Ka'idoji da Ayyuka. 9th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: babi na 77.