Gibio na gani

Gliomas sune ciwace ciwace a sassa daban daban na kwakwalwa. Gliomas na gani na iya shafar:

• Daya ko duka daga cikin jijiyoyin gani wadanda ke daukar bayanan gani zuwa kwakwalwa daga kowane ido
• Chiasm na gani, wurin da jijiyoyin gani ke ƙetare juna a gaban hypothalamus na kwakwalwa

Glioma na gani yana iya girma tare da glioma na hypothalamic.

Gliomas na gani ba safai ba. Ba a san dalilin sanadin gani ba. Yawancin gliomas na gani suna saurin girma da rashin ciwo (mara kyau) kuma suna faruwa a cikin yara, kusan koyaushe kafin shekaru 20. Yawancin lokuta ana gano su da shekaru 5.

Akwai ƙungiya mai ƙarfi tsakanin glioma na gani da nau'in neurofibromatosis nau'in 1 (NF1).

Alamomin sun samo asali ne sakamakon ciwan da ke kara girma da kuma latsawa akan jijiyar gani da kuma hanyoyin dake kusa. Kwayar cutar na iya haɗawa da:

• Motsi ƙwallan ido ba son rai
• Fitowar ido waje ɗaya ko duka ido
• Tsugunnawa
• Rashin hangen nesa a cikin ido ɗaya ko duka biyu wanda ke farawa tare da asarar hangen nesa kuma daga ƙarshe yana haifar da makanta

Yaron na iya nuna alamun alamun rashin lafiyar jiki, wanda ya haɗa da:

• Baccin rana
• Rage ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya da aikin kwakwalwa
• Ciwon kai
• Rashin jinkiri
• Rashin kitse a jiki
• Amai

Binciken kwakwalwa da tsarin juyayi (neurologic) ya nuna rashin gani a ido ɗaya ko duka biyu. Zai yiwu a sami canje-canje a jijiyar gani, ciki har da kumburi ko tabon jijiya, ko kodadde da lalacewar faifan gani.

Ciwon zai iya fadadawa zuwa sassan kwakwalwa masu zurfin ciki. Za a iya samun alamun ƙara matsa lamba a cikin kwakwalwa (matsin intracranial). Za a iya samun alamun nau'in neurofibromatosis nau'in 1 (NF1).

Za a iya yin gwaje-gwaje masu zuwa:

• Cerebral angiography
• Binciken nama da aka cire daga ƙari a lokacin aikin tiyata ko CT ta bincikar biopsy don tabbatar da nau'in ƙwayar
• CT scan ko MRI na kai
• Kayayyakin filin gwaji

Magani ya banbanta da girman kumburi da kuma lafiyar mutum gaba ɗaya. Makasudin na iya zama don warkar da cutar, sauƙaƙe alamomin, ko inganta hangen nesa da jin daɗi.

Yin aikin tiyata don cire kumburin na iya warkar da wasu cututtukan ciki. Za'a iya yin cirewar bangare don rage girman ƙwayar cuta a lokuta da yawa. Wannan zai kiyaye ƙwayar cutar daga lalata ƙwayoyin kwakwalwar da ke kewaye da ita. Ana iya amfani da ƙwayar cutar kanjamau a wasu yara. Chemotherapy na iya zama da amfani musamman lokacin da ƙari ya faɗaɗa zuwa cikin hypothalamus ko kuma idan hangen nesa ya taɓarɓare ta ci gaban tumo.

Ana iya ba da shawarar maganin fitila a wasu yanayi lokacin da ciwon kumburin yake girma duk da magungunan ƙwaƙwalwa, kuma tiyata ba zai yiwu ba. A wasu lokuta, ana iya jinkirta jinyar raɗaɗɗu saboda ƙari a hankali yake girma. Yaran da ke da NF1 yawanci ba za su karɓi radiation ba saboda sakamakon illa.

Corticosteroids za a iya ba da umarnin don rage kumburi da kumburi yayin maganin radiation, ko kuma idan alamun sun dawo.

Organiungiyoyin da ke ba da tallafi da ƙarin bayani sun haɗa da:

• Ungiyar Ciwon Lafiyar Yara - www.childrensoncologygroup.org
• Neurofibromatosis Hanyar sadarwa - www.nfnetwork.org

Hangen nesa ya banbanta ga kowane mutum. Jiyya na farko yana inganta damar kyakkyawan sakamako. Kulawa a hankali tare da ƙungiyar kulawa da aka samu tare da irin wannan ƙari yana da mahimmanci.

Da zarar hangen nesa ya ɓace daga haɓakar ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta, maiyuwa bazai dawo ba.

A yadda aka saba, ci gaban kumburin yana da jinkiri sosai, kuma yanayin yana kasancewa barga na dogon lokaci. Koyaya, ƙari zai iya ci gaba da girma, saboda haka dole ne a sanya ido sosai.

Kira wa mai ba da lafiyar ku don duk wani rashin hangen nesa, kumburin ido, ko wasu alamomin wannan yanayin.

Ana iya ba da shawara game da kwayar halitta don mutanen da ke da NF1. Gwajin ido na yau da kullun na iya ba da izinin ganewar asali game da waɗannan ciwace-ciwacen tun kafin su haifar da bayyanar cututtuka.

Glioma - na gani; Glioma jijiya na gani; Matasan tauraron dan adam astrocytoma; Ciwon kwakwalwa - glioma na gani

• Neurofibromatosis I - kara girman ido

Eberhart CG. Ido da ido adnexa. A cikin: Goldblum JR, Lamps LW, McKenney JK, Myers JL, eds. Rosai da Ackerman na Ciwon Tiyata. 11th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: babi na 45.

Goodden J, Mallucci C. Hanyar Hanyar hanta hypothalamic gliomas. A cikin: Winn HR, ed. Youmans da Winn Yin aikin tiyata. 7th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2017: babi na 207.

Olitsky SE, Marsh JD. Abubuwa marasa kyau na jijiyar gani. A cikin: Kliegman RM, St Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, eds. Nelson Littafin koyar da ilimin yara. 21st ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: babi 649.