Rage ganuwa

Rage ganuwa shine rabuwa da membrane mai sauƙin haske (retina) a bayan idon daga layin tallafonsa.

Kwayar kwayar ido a bayyane shine layin da ke layin cikin ido ta bayan ido. Hasken haske da ke shiga cikin ido yana mai da hankali da laka da tabarau a cikin hotunan da aka samar akan kwayar ido.

• Mafi yawan nau'in cututtukan kwayar ido na baya baya ne saboda tsagewa ko rami a cikin tantanin ido. Ruwan ido na iya zubowa ta wannan budewar. Wannan yana haifarda kwayar ido ta rabu da kyallen takarda, kamar kumfa a jikin bangon fuskar waya. Wannan galibi ana haifar dashi ne ta hanyar yanayin da ake kira bitar na baya. Hakanan za'a iya haifar da rauni da rashin hangen nesa sosai. Tarihin dangi na sake cire ido yana kara hadari.
• Wani nau'in kwayar kwayar ido da ake kira tractional detachment. Irin wannan yana faruwa ne ga mutanen da ke da ciwon suga, ba tare da an yi musu tiyata ba, ko kuma suna da kumburi na dogon lokaci.

Lokacin da kwayar ido ta kebe, zubar jini daga jijiyoyin da ke kusa na iya hadassa cikin ido ta yadda ba za ku iya gani ba ko kadan. Gani na tsakiya ya zama mai tasiri idan macula ta rabu. Macula wani bangare ne na kwayar ido da ke da alhakin kaifin gani.

Kwayar cututtukan kwayar ido ta tantanin ido na iya haɗawa da:

• Haske mai walƙiya na haske, musamman a hangen nesa.
• Duban gani.
• Sabbin masu shawagi a cikin ido wadanda suke bayyana kwatsam.
• Inuwa ko ragin hangen nesa wanda yayi kama da labule ko inuwa a gabanka.

Babu yawanci ciwo a ido ko kusa da ido.

Likitan ido (likitan ido) zai bincika idanunku. Gwajin za'a yi su ne domin a duba kwayar ido da dalibi:

• Amfani da fenti na musamman da kyamara don kallon gudunawar jini a cikin tantanin ido (fluorescein angiography)
• Duba matsa lamba cikin ido (tonometry)
• Yin nazarin ɓangaren bayan ido, gami da kwayar ido (ophthalmoscopy)
• Binciken takardar tabarau (gwajin ƙyama)
• Duba ganin hangen nesa
• Duba ƙananan haruffa waɗanda za'a iya karantawa (ƙwarewar gani)
• Binciko tsari a gaban ido (tsinkayen fitila)
• Duban dan tayi

Yawancin mutane masu raunin ido suna buƙatar tiyata. Za a iya yin aikin tiyata nan da nan ko kuma a cikin ɗan gajeren lokaci bayan ganewar asali. Wasu nau'ikan tiyata za a iya yi a ofishin likitan ku.

• Ana iya amfani da laser don sanya hatimin hawaye ko ramuka a cikin tantanin ido kafin ɓacin ido ya auku.
• Idan kuna da ƙarami, to likita na iya sanya kumfa a cikin ido. Wannan shi ake kira pinoatic retinopexy. Yana taimakawa kwayar ido ta dawo kan ruwa. An rufe ramin tare da laser.

Detananan ƙungiyoyi suna buƙatar tiyata a asibiti. Wadannan hanyoyin sun hada da:

• Daurin gindi domin a tura bangon ido a hankali akan kwayar ido
• Vitrectomy don cire gel ko tabon nama da ke jan akan tantanin ido, wanda aka yi amfani da shi don mafi girman hawaye da raguwa

Za'a iya kallon rabe-radin raunin ido na ɗan lokaci kafin a yi masa tiyata. Idan ana buƙatar tiyata, yawancin lokaci ana yin bitamin.

Yanda kuke yi sosai bayan raunin ido ya dogara da wuri da kuma girman abin da aka cire shi da kuma maganin farko. Idan macula bata lalace ba, hangen nesa tare da magani na iya zama mai kyau.

Ingantaccen gyaran ido baya cika dawo da gani ba.

Wasu ɓarnatarwa ba za a iya gyara su ba.

Ragewar ido yana haifar da rashin gani. Yin aikin tiyata don gyara shi na iya taimakawa dawo da wasu ko duk hangen nesan ku.

Retaddamarwar ido wata matsala ce ta gaggawa wacce ke buƙatar kulawa cikin awanni 24 na alamun farko na sabbin fitilu masu haske da masu shawagi.

Yi amfani da kariyar ido don kiyaye raunin ido. Kula da yawan jini a hankali idan kuna da ciwon suga. Ka ga kwararrun likitan ido sau daya a shekara. Kuna iya buƙatar yawan ziyarta akai-akai idan kuna da dalilai masu haɗari na ɓarkewar ido. Kasance faɗakarwa game da alamun sabon haske da masu yawo.

Rataccen kwayar ido

• Ido
• Tsaguwa-fitilar jarrabawa

Cibiyar Nazarin Ilimin Lafiya ta Amurka. Jagororin iceabi'ar iceabi'a. Addamarwa mai tsaka-tsakin baya, raunin ido, da lalata latti PPP 2019. www.aao.org/preferred-practice-pattern/posterior-vitreous-detachment-retinal-breaks-latti. An sabunta Oktoba 2019. An shiga Janairu 13, 2020.

Salmon JF. Rage ganuwa A cikin: Salmon JF, ed. Kanski na Clinical Ophthalmology. 9th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: babi na 16.

Wickham L, Aylward GW. Hanyoyi mafi kyau don gyara raunin ido. A cikin: Schachat AP, Sadda SVR, Hinton DR, Wilkinson CP, Wiedemann P, eds. Ryan's Retina. Na 6 ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: babi 109.