Gigantism

Gigantism ciwan al'ada ne saboda yawan haɓakar hormone (GH) yayin ƙuruciya.

Gigantism yana da wuya. Mafi yawan abin da ya haifar da yawan sakin GH shine ƙari mara kyau (mara kyau) na gland na pituitary. Sauran dalilai sun hada da:

• Cutar cututtukan kwayar halitta wacce ke shafar launin fata (launi) kuma yana haifar da ciwace-ciwacen fata na fata, zuciya, da tsarin endocrine (hormone) (Carney complex)
• Kwayar halittar jini wacce ke shafar kasusuwa da launin fata (cutar McCune-Albright)
• Kwayar halittar jini wacce daya ko fiye daga cikin glandon endocrine suna da yawan aiki ko kuma haifar da ƙari (nau'ikan nau'in endoprine neoplasia iri na 1 ko nau'in 4)
• Kwayar cututtukan kwayar halitta wanda ke haifar da ciwace-ciwacen pituitary
• Cutar da ciwace ciwace a cikin jijiyoyin kwakwalwa da kashin baya (neurofibromatosis)

Idan yawan GH ya faru bayan ci gaban kashi na al'ada ya tsaya (ƙarshen balaga), ana sanin yanayin acromegaly.

Yaron zai yi girma a tsayi, haka kuma a cikin tsokoki da gabobin. Wannan girma da ya wuce kima ya sa yaro ya zama babba saboda shekarunsa.

Sauran cututtukan sun hada da:

• Balaga da aka jinkirta
• Gani biyu ko wahala tare da hangen nesa (gefe)
• Babban goshi (shugaban gaba) da hammata mai fice
• Rata tsakanin hakora
• Ciwon kai
• Karuwar gumi
• Lokacin al'ada (haila)
• Hadin gwiwa
• Manyan hannaye da ƙafa tare da yatsu da yatsu
• Sakin nono
• Matsalar bacci
• Ickaukar abubuwa masu fasali
• Rashin ƙarfi
• Canjin murya

Mai ba da sabis na kiwon lafiya zai yi gwajin jiki kuma ya yi tambaya game da alamun yaron.

Gwajin gwaje-gwaje da za a iya yin oda sun haɗa da:

• Cortisol
• Estradiol ('yan mata)
• GH danniya gwajin
• Prolactin
• Growtharfin haɓakar insulin-I
• Testosterone (yara)
• Hormone na thyroid

Gwajin hoto, kamar su CT ko MRI na kai, ana kuma iya ba da umarnin a bincika kumburin cikin jiki.

Don ciwace-ciwacen pituitary, tiyata na iya warkar da lamura da yawa.

Lokacin da aikin tiyata ba zai iya cire kumburin gaba daya ba, ana amfani da magunguna don toshewa ko rage sakin GH ko hana GH isa ga kyallen takarda.

Wani lokaci ana amfani da maganin radiation don rage girman kumburi bayan tiyata.

Yin aikin tiyata galibi galibi yana samun nasara wajen iyakance aikin GH.

Jiyya na farko na iya sakewa da yawa daga canje-canjen da yawan GH ya haifar.

Yin tiyata da magani na radiation na iya haifar da ƙananan matakan sauran ƙwayoyin cutar pituitary. Wannan na iya haifar da kowane yanayi mai zuwa:

• Rashin ƙarancin adrenal (gland adrenal baya samar da wadataccen homonon su)
• Ciwon sukari insipidus (matsanancin ƙishirwa da yawan fitsari, a wasu lokuta)
• Hypogonadism (glandon jima'i na jiki yana haifar da kadan ko babu hormones)
• Hypothyroidism (thyroid gland shine yake ba ya isa isasshen hormone thyroid)

Kirawo mai ba ku sabis idan yaranku suna da alamun girma fiye da kima.

Ba za a iya hana Gigantism ba. Jiyya na farko na iya hana cutar ci gaba da zama mai rauni kuma ta taimaka guje wa matsaloli.

Pituitary kato; Overara yawan haɓakar hormone; Girmancin girma - yawan kayan aiki

• Endocrine gland

Katznelson L, Dokokin ER Jr, Melmed S, et al; Endungiyar Endocrine. Acromegaly: jagorar tsarin aikin likita na al'umma. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2014; 99 (11): 3933-3951. PMID: 25356808 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25356808.

Melmed S. Acromegaly. A cikin: Jameson JL, De Groot LJ, de Kretser DM, et al, eds. Endocrinology: Manya da Yara. 7th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: sura 12.