Listeriosis

Listeriosis cuta ce da ke iya faruwa yayin da mutum ya ci abincin da aka gurɓata da ƙwayoyin cuta da ake kira Listeria monocytogenes (L guda ɗaya).

Kwayoyin cuta L guda ɗaya ana samunsa a cikin namun daji, na gida, da cikin kasa da ruwa. Wadannan kwayoyi na sanya dabbobi da yawa rashin lafiya, wanda ke haifar da zubewar ciki da haihuwa a cikin dabbobin gida.

Kayan lambu, nama, da sauran abinci na iya kamuwa da kwayoyin idan sun hadu da gurbatacciyar kasa ko taki. Raw madara ko kayayyakin da aka yi daga ɗanyen madara na iya ɗauke da waɗannan ƙwayoyin cuta.

Idan ka ci kayan da aka gurbata, zaka iya yin rashin lafiya. Wadannan mutane suna cikin haɗarin haɗari:

• Manya sama da shekaru 50
• Manya tare da raunin garkuwar jiki
• Ci gaban tayi
• Yaran haihuwa
• Ciki

Kwayoyin cuta galibi suna haifar da cututtukan ciki. A wasu lokuta, zaka iya kamuwa da kamuwa da jini (septicemia) ko kumburin suturar kwakwalwa (sankarau). Yara da yara kanada cutar sankarau.

Kamuwa da cuta a farkon ciki na iya haifar da zubewar ciki. Kwayar cutar na iya ratsa mahaifa ta harbu da jariri mai tasowa. Cututtuka a ƙarshen ciki na iya haifar da haihuwa ko mutuwar jariri a cikin fewan awanni kaɗan na haihuwa. Kimanin rabin jariran da suka kamu da cutar ko kusa da haihuwa za su mutu.

A cikin manya, cutar na iya ɗaukar nau'ikan da yawa, ya danganta da abin da gabobin jikinsu ko tsarinsu ke ɗauke da su. Yana iya faruwa kamar:

• Ciwon zuciya (endocarditis)
• Brain ko cututtukan ruwa na kashin baya (sankarau)
• Ciwon huhu (ciwon huhu)
• Ciwon jini (septicemia)
• Ciwon ciki na hanji (gastroenteritis)

Ko kuma yana iya faruwa a cikin yanayi mafi sauƙi kamar:

• Raguwa
• Maganin ciwon mara
• Lalacewar fata

A cikin jarirai, ana iya ganin alamun cutar listeriosis a cikin thean kwanakin farko na rayuwa kuma suna iya haɗawa da:

• Rashin ci
• Rashin nutsuwa
• Jaundice
• Rashin numfashi (yawanci ciwon huhu)
• Shock
• Rushewar fata
• Amai

Ana iya yin gwaje-gwajen dakin gwaje-gwaje don gano ƙwayoyin cuta a cikin ruwan amniotic, jini, feces, da fitsari. Za'a aiwatar da ruwa na kashin baya (cerebrospnial fluid ko CSF) al'adun gargajiya idan anyi aikin buga kashin baya.

Magungunan rigakafi (gami da ampicillin ko trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole) an ba da umarnin kashe kwayoyin cutar.

Listeriosis a cikin tayi ko jariri yakan mutu. Yara da manya masu lafiya suna iya rayuwa. Rashin lafiyar ba shi da sauƙi idan ya shafi tsarin tsarin ciki ne kawai. Brain ko cututtuka na kashin baya suna da mummunan sakamako.

Yaran da suka tsira daga listeriosis na iya samun lalacewar ƙwaƙwalwa na dogon lokaci da jijiyoyi (neurologic) da jinkirta ci gaban.

Kira mai ba da sabis na kiwon lafiya idan ku ko yaranku sun kamu da alamun cutar listeriosis.

Kayan abinci na kasashen waje, kamar su cuku mai laushi wanda ba a shafa ba, sun kuma haifar da barkewar cutar listeriosis. Koyaushe dafa abinci sosai.

Wanke hannuwanku sosai bayan kun taɓa dabbobin gida, dabbobin gona, da kuma sarrafa kayan dabba.

Mata masu ciki na iya son ziyartar Cibiyar Kula da Rigakafin Cututtuka (CDC) don samun bayanai game da kiyayewar abinci: www.cdc.gov/listeria/prevention.html.

Ciwon mata; Granulomatosis jariri; Cutar Listeriosis

• Antibodies

Johnson JE, Mylonakis E. Listeria monocytogenes. A cikin: Bennett JE, Dolin R, Blaser MJ, eds. Mandell, Douglas, da Ka'idojin Bennett da Aiwatar da Cututtukan Cutar. 9th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: babi na 206.

Kollman TR, Mailman TL, Bortolussi R. Listeriosis. A cikin: Wilson CB, Nizet V, Maldonado YA, Remington JS, Klein JO, eds. Remington da Klein na Cututtukan Cututtuka na Ciwon Jiki da Jariri. 8th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: babi na 13.