Ciwon ƙwayar cuta mai saurin ƙwayar cuta

Ciwon maganin ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayar cuta (SSPE) ci gaba ce, mai nakasawa, da kuma larurar ƙwaƙwalwar da ke da alaƙa da kamuwa da cutar kyanda (rubeola).

Cutar na tasowa shekaru da yawa bayan kamuwa da cutar ƙyanda.

A ka’ida, kwayar cutar kyanda ba ta yin illa ga kwakwalwa. Koyaya, amsar da ba ta dace ba game da kyanda ko, mai yuwuwa, wasu nau'ikan ƙwayoyin cuta na iya haifar da ciwo mai tsanani da mutuwa. Wannan martanin yana haifar da kumburin kwakwalwa (kumburi da haushi) wanda zai iya wucewa tsawon shekaru.

An bayar da rahoton SSPE a duk sassan duniya, amma a ƙasashen yamma cutar ce mai saurin gaske.

Ba a ganin ƙananan mutane ƙalilan a cikin Amurka tun lokacin da aka fara shirin allurar rigakafin cutar ƙyanda. Hannun na SSPE yana faruwa ne shekaru da yawa bayan mutum ya kamu da cutar kyanda, duk da cewa mutum kamar ya gama murmurewa ne daga cutar. Maza sun fi shafar mata. Cutar gabaɗaya na faruwa ne ga yara da matasa.

Kwayar cutar ta SSPE tana faruwa ne a cikin matakai huɗu. Tare da kowane mataki, alamun cutar sun fi na baya ƙarfi:

• Mataki Na: Zai iya zama canje-canje na hali, sauyin yanayi, ko baƙin ciki. Zazzabi da ciwon kai suma na iya kasancewa. Wannan matakin zai iya ɗaukar tsawon watanni 6.
• Mataki na II: Zai iya kasancewa matsalolin motsi da ba a sarrafawa ba gami da yin rauni da kuma tsoka. Sauran cututtukan da zasu iya faruwa a wannan matakin sune rashin gani, rashin hankali, da kamuwa da cuta.
• Mataki na III: An maye gurbin ƙungiyoyi masu motsawa ta hanyar juyawa (juyawa) ƙungiyoyi da taurin kai. Mutuwa na iya faruwa daga rikitarwa.
• Mataki na huɗu: Yankunan ƙwaƙwalwar da ke kula da numfashi, bugun zuciya, da hawan jini sun lalace. Wannan yana haifar da suma sannan kuma ga mutuwa.

Za a iya samun tarihin cutar ƙyanda a cikin yaron da ba a yi wa rigakafin ba. Nazarin jiki na iya bayyana:

• Lalacewa ga jijiyar gani, wanda ke da alhakin gani
• Lalacewa akan kwayar ido, bangaren idon da ke karbar haske
• Tsokar tsoka
• Ayyukan rashin aiki akan gwajin motsa jiki (motsi)

Za a iya yin gwaje-gwaje masu zuwa:

• Kayan lantarki (EEG)
• Brain MRI
• Maganin ƙwayar cuta don neman alamun kamuwa da cutar kyanda da ta gabata
• Faɗa ta kashin baya

Babu magani ga SSPE. Ana amfani da jiyya gaba ɗaya don sarrafa alamun. Wasu magungunan kwayar cutar da kwayoyi wadanda suke kara karfin garkuwar jiki na iya kokarin rage ci gaban cutar.

Wadannan albarkatu na iya ba da ƙarin bayani kan SSPE:

• Cibiyar Nazarin Ciwon Lafiyar Jiji da Ciwan Gaji - www.ninds.nih.gov/Disorders/All-Disorders/Subacute-Sclerosing-Panencephalitis-Information-Page
• Nationalungiyar forasa don Rare Rashin Lafiya - rarediseases.org/rare-diseases/subacute-sclerosing-panencephalitis/

SSPE koyaushe na mutuwa. Mutanen da ke da wannan cutar suna mutuwa shekara 1 zuwa 3 bayan ganewar asali. Wasu mutane na iya rayuwa tsawon lokaci.

Kira mai ba da sabis na kiwon lafiya idan ɗanka bai kammala aikin rigakafin da aka shirya ba. Alurar rigakafin kyanda tana cikin rigakafin MMR.

Rigakafin rigakafin cutar ƙyanda shine kawai sanannen rigakafin ga SSPE. Alurar rigakafin kyanda ta yi tasiri ƙwarai wajen rage adadin yaran da cutar ta shafa.

Ya kamata a yi rigakafin cutar ƙyanda a cewar jadawalin Cibiyar Nazarin Ilimin Lafiyar Jama'a ta Amurka da Cibiyoyin Kula da Cututtuka.

SSPE; Subacute sclerosing leukoencephalitis; Dawson encephalitis; Kyanda - SSPE; Rubeola - SSPE

Gershon AA. Kwayar cutar kyanda (rubeola). A cikin: Bennett JE, Dolin R, Blaser MJ, eds. Mandell, Douglas, da Ka'idojin Bennett da Aiwatar da Cututtukan Cutar. 9th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: babi na 160.

Mason WH, Gans HA. Kyanda A cikin: Kliegman RM, St. Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, eds. Nelson Littafin koyar da ilimin yara. 21st ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: babi na 273.