M angina

Angina mara tabbas yanayi ne wanda zuciyarka bata samun wadataccen jini da iskar oxygen. Yana iya haifar da bugun zuciya.

Angina wani nau'i ne na rashin jin daɗin kirji wanda yake haifar da rashin kwararar jini ta hanyoyin jini (jijiyoyin jijiyoyin jini) na tsokar zuciya (myocardium).

Ciwan jijiyoyin jini saboda atherosclerosis shine mafi yawan dalilin rashin angina mara ƙarfi. Atherosclerosis shine tarin kayan mai, wanda ake kira plaque, tare da bangon jijiyoyin. Wannan yana haifar da jijiyoyin jiki su zama sun kankance kuma basu da sassauci. Theuntataccen na iya rage saurin jini zuwa zuciya, yana haifar da ciwon kirji.

Mutanen da ke da hanzarin angina suna cikin haɗarin kamuwa da bugun zuciya.

Kadan daga cikin dalilan angina sune:

• Ayyukan da ba na al'ada ba na ƙananan jijiyoyin reshe ba tare da kunkuntar manyan jijiyoyi ba (wanda ake kira dasfunction microvascular ko Syndrome X)
• Jijiyoyin jijiyoyin jiki spasm

Abubuwan haɗari ga cututtukan jijiyoyin jijiyoyin jini sun haɗa da:

• Ciwon suga
• Tarihin iyali na farkon cututtukan zuciya (dangi na kusa kamar ɗan uwa ko uba suna da ciwon zuciya kafin shekara 55 a cikin mutum ko kuma kafin shekara 65 a mace)
• Hawan jini
• Babban LDL cholesterol
• HDananan HDL cholesterol
• Jima'i namiji
• Salon zama (rashin samun cikakken motsa jiki)
• Kiba
• Yawan shekaru
• Shan taba

Kwayar cututtukan angina na iya haɗawa da:

• Jin zafi na kirji wanda zaka iya ji a kafada, hannu, muƙamuƙi, wuya, baya, ko wani yanki
• Rashin jin daɗi da ke ji kamar matsi, matsewa, murƙushewa, ƙonewa, shaƙewa, ko ciwo
• Rashin jin daɗi wanda ke faruwa a lokacin hutawa kuma baya saurin fita lokacin da kuka sha magani
• Rashin numfashi
• Gumi

Tare da angina mai karko, ciwon kirji ko wasu alamu na faruwa kawai tare da wani adadin aiki ko damuwa. Ciwon baya faruwa sau da yawa sau da yawa ko kuma ƙara muni a kan lokaci.

Mutuwar angina shine ciwon kirji wanda kwatsam kuma yakan zama mafi muni cikin kankanin lokaci. Kuna iya bunkasa angina mara ƙarfi idan ciwon kirji:

• Fara jin daban, ya fi tsanani, ya zo sau da yawa, ko faruwa tare da rashin aiki ko yayin da kuke hutawa
• Ya dade fiye da minti 15 zuwa 20
• Yana faruwa ba tare da dalili ba (misali, yayin da kake bacci ko zaune shiru)
• Baya amsawa da kyau ga wani magani da ake kira nitroglycerin (musamman idan wannan maganin yayi aiki don magance ciwon kirji a da)
• Yana faruwa tare da digo na karfin jini ko ƙarancin numfashi

Angina mara ƙarfi alama ce ta gargaɗi cewa bugun zuciya na iya faruwa ba da daɗewa ba kuma yana buƙatar kulawa nan take. Duba likitan ku idan kuna da kowane irin ciwon kirji.

Mai ba da sabis ɗin zai yi gwajin jiki kuma ya gwada bugun jini. Mai ba da sabis ɗin na iya jin sautukan da ba na al'ada ba, irin su gunaguni na zuciya ko bugun zuciya mara kyau, yayin sauraren kirjinku ta hanyar daukar hoto.

Gwaji don angina sun hada da:

• Gwajin jini don nuna idan kuna da lalacewar nama ko kuna cikin haɗari ga bugun zuciya, gami da troponin I da T-00745, creatine phosphokinase (CPK), da myoglobin.
• ECG.
• Echocardiography.
• Gwajin damuwa, kamar gwajin haƙuri na motsa jiki (gwajin damuwa ko gwajin treadmill), gwajin damuwa na nukiliya, ko gajiyar echocardiogram.
• Magungunan jijiyoyin zuciya. Wannan gwajin ya hada da daukar hotunan jijiyoyin zuciya ta amfani da x-rays da rini. Jarabawa ce kai tsaye kai tsaye don gano cututtukan jijiyoyin zuciya da nemo daskarewa.

Kuna iya duba cikin asibiti don samun hutawa, da ƙarin gwaje-gwaje, da hana rikice-rikice.

Ana amfani da sikanin jini (magungunan antiplatelet) don magance da hana angina mara ƙarfi. Zaka karɓi waɗannan magungunan da wuri-wuri idan zaka iya ɗauka lafiya. Magunguna sun hada da asfirin da maganin hada magunguna clopidogrel ko wani abu makamancin haka (ticagrelor, prasugrel). Wadannan magunguna na iya rage damar kamuwa da bugun zuciya ko kuma tsananin bugun zuciya da ke faruwa.

Yayin wani mummunan tashin hankali na angina:

• Kuna iya samun heparin (ko wani mai ƙara jini) da nitroglycerin (ƙarƙashin harshe ko ta hanyar IV).
• Sauran jiyya na iya haɗawa da magunguna don kula da hawan jini, damuwa, yawan motsawar zuciya, da cholesterol (kamar su maganin statin).

Hanyar da ake kira angioplasty da stenting galibi ana iya yin su don buɗe toshe ko kunkuntar jijiya.

• Angioplasty hanya ce don buɗe kunkuntar ko toshe hanyoyin jini waɗanda ke ba da jini ga zuciya.
• Maganin jijiyoyin jijiyoyin jikin mutum karamin karfe ne wanda yake bude (fadada) a cikin jijiyoyin jijiyoyin jiki. Sau da yawa akan sanya stent bayan angioplasty. Yana taimakawa hana jijiyoyin sake rufewa. Maganin shan ƙwayoyi yana da magani a ciki wanda ke taimakawa hana jijiyoyin rufe lokaci.

Za a iya yi wa wasu mutane aikin tiyata na zuciya. Shawarwarin yin wannan tiyatar ya dogara da:

• Wadanne jijiyoyin an toshe su
• Yaya jijiyoyin ke ciki
• Wadanne sassan jijiyoyin jijiyoyin jiki ne suka kankance
• Yaya tsananin ƙuntatawa suke

Mutuwar angina alama ce ta mafi tsananin cututtukan zuciya.

Yadda kuke yi ya dogara da abubuwa daban-daban, gami da:

• Nawa ne da kuma wadanne jijiyoyi a zuciyar ka suke toshe, kuma yaya tsananin toshewar yake
• Idan ka taba samun bugun zuciya
• Ta yaya tsokar zuciyar ku zata iya fitar da jini zuwa jikin ku

Rashin motsawar zuciya da bugun zuciya na iya haifar da mutuwar kwatsam.

M angina na iya haifar da:

• Heartwayar zuciya mara kyau (arrhythmias)
• Ciwon zuciya
• Ajiyar zuciya

Nemi kulawar likita idan kana da sabo, zafi ko bugun kirji wanda ba a bayyana ba. Idan kana da cutar angina a da, kira mai baka.

Kira 911 ko lambar gaggawa na gida idan angina ta yi zafi:

• Ba shine mafi kyau ba minti 5 bayan kun sha nitroglycerin (mai ba ku sabis zai iya gaya muku ku ɗauki 3 duka allurai)
• Baya tafiya bayan allurai 3 na nitroglycerin
• Yana kara tabarbarewa
• Ya dawo bayan nitroglycerin ya taimaka da farko

Kira mai ba da sabis idan:

• Kuna fama da alamun angina sau da yawa
• Kana samun angina lokacin da kake zaune (huta angina)
• Kuna yawan jin kasala
• Kuna jin suma ko haske a kai, ko kuma kun wuce
• Zuciyar ka tana bugawa a hankali (kasa da 60 a minti daya) ko kuma da sauri (sama da doke 120 a minti daya), ko kuma bai tabbata ba
• Kuna samun matsala shan magungunan zuciyar ku
• Kuna da wasu alamun bayyanar

Idan kana tunanin kana fama da ciwon zuciya, nemi jinya kai tsaye.

Wasu nazarin sun nuna cewa yin wasu 'yan canje-canje na rayuwa na iya hana toshewar abubuwa daga taɓarɓarewa kuma yana iya inganta su. Canje-canjen salon yana iya taimakawa hana wasu hare-haren angina. Mai ba ku sabis na iya gaya muku:

• Rage nauyi idan ka yi kiba
• Dakatar da shan taba
• Motsa jiki a kai a kai
• Sha giya a cikin matsakaici kawai
• Ku ci abinci mai kyau wanda yake cike da kayan lambu, 'ya'yan itatuwa, hatsi cikakke, kifi, da nama mara kyau

Mai ba ku sabis zai kuma ba da shawarar cewa ku kiyaye wasu yanayin kiwon lafiya kamar hawan jini, ciwon sukari, da kuma yawan matakan cholesterol a ƙarƙashin iko.

Idan kana da daya ko fiye da dalilan da zasu iya kamuwa da cutar zuciya, yi magana da mai baka game da shan aspirin ko wasu magunguna don taimakawa hana ciwon zuciya. Maganin aspirin (75 zuwa 325 MG a rana) ko kwayoyi kamar clopidogrel, ticagrelor ko prasugrel na iya taimaka hana rigakafin zuciya a cikin wasu mutane. Aspirin da sauran hanyoyin kwantar da hankali na jini ana ba da shawarar idan amfanin zai iya wuce haɗarin sakamako masu illa.

Hanzarta angina; Sabuwar angina; Angina - m; Ci gaban angina; CAD - rashin kwanciyar hankali angina; Ciwan jijiyoyin zuciya - angina m; Ciwon zuciya - rashin kwanciyar hankali angina; Ciwon kirji - angina m

• Angina - fitarwa
• Angina - abin da za a tambayi likitanka
• Angina - lokacin da kake da ciwon kirji
• Angioplasty da mai ƙarfi - zuciya - fitarwa
• Ciwon zuciya - fitarwa
• Ciwon zuciya - abin da za a tambayi likita

• Angina
• Magungunan jijiyoyin jijiyoyin ciki angioplasty - jerin

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Dan Majalisar Bonaca. Sabatine MS. Hanyar zuwa ga mai haƙuri tare da ciwon kirji. A cikin: Zipes DP, Libby P, Bonow RO, Mann DL, Tomaselli GF, Braunwald E, eds. Braunwald ta Cutar Cutar: Littafin rubutu na Magungunan zuciya da jijiyoyin jini. 11th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: babi na 56.

Giugliano RP, Braunwald E. Nonaddamar da -arancin ST mai saurin ciwon zuciya. A cikin: Zipes DP, Libby P, Bonow RO, Mann DL, Tomaselli GF, Braunwald E, eds. Braunwald ta Cutar Cutar: Littafin rubutu na Magungunan zuciya da jijiyoyin jini. 11th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: babi na 60.

Ibanez B, James S, Agewall S, et al. Sharuɗɗan ESC na 2017 don gudanar da mummunan cututtukan ƙwayoyin cuta a cikin marasa lafiyar da ke gabatarwa tare da haɓakar ST-Task Force for the Management of Acute Myocardial Infarction a cikin Marasa lafiya da ke Gabatarwa tare da -auke da Elevationauke da Europeanungiyar Ilimin Lafiya ta Turai (ESC). Eur Zuciya J. 2018; 39 (2): 119-177. PMID: 28886621 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28886621/.

Jang JS, Spertus JA, Arnold SV, da sauransu. Imfani na sake fasalin ƙirar multivessel akan sakamakon matsayin lafiya a marasa lafiya tare da haɓakar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta da ƙwayar cuta ta hanyar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayar cuta. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2015; 66 (19): 2104-2113. PMID: 26541921 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26541921/.

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