Yin amfani da barasa da kuma shan abin sha mai kyau

Yin amfani da barasa ya ƙunshi shan giya, giya, ko giya mai tauri.

Alkahol shine ɗayan magungunan ƙwayoyi da akafi amfani dasu a duniya.

MATASA SHAN

Yin amfani da barasa ba kawai matsala ce ta manya ba. Yawancin tsofaffi na makarantar sakandaren Amurka sun sha giya a cikin watan da ya gabata. Wannan duk da cewa shekarun shan doka sun cika shekaru 21 a Amurka.

Kusan 1 cikin 5 matasa ana ɗaukarsu "mashaya matsalar." Wannan yana nufin cewa su:

• Yi maye
• Yi haɗari da suka shafi amfani da barasa
• Samu matsala cikin doka, yan uwa, abokai, makaranta, ko kwanan wata saboda giya

ILLOLIN SHAYE-SHAYE

Abin sha na giya suna da yawan barasa a ciki.

• Giya kusan giya 5% ne, kodayake wasu giya suna da ƙari.
• Wine yawanci giya ne 12% zuwa 15%.
• Ruwan giya mai wuya shine kusan giya 45%.

Barasa na shiga cikin jini da sauri.

Adadin da nau'in abinci a cikin cikinku na iya canzawa da sauri wannan ke faruwa. Misali, abinci mai dauke da sanadarin (carbohydrate) da mai mai mai yawa na iya sanya jikinka shan giya a hankali.

Wasu nau'ikan abubuwan shan giya na saurin shiga cikin jini. Abubuwan sha masu ƙarfi suna saurin saurin cikawa.

Barasa na rage saurin numfashi, bugun zuciya, da yadda kwakwalwarka take aiki. Wadannan tasirin zasu iya bayyana tsakanin mintina 10 kuma zasu iya kaiwa minti 40 zuwa 60. Barasa na zama a cikin jini har sai hanta ta karye shi. Adadin giya a cikin jininka ana kiran shi matakin giyar jininsa. Idan kun sha giya da sauri fiye da hanta zai iya rushe shi, wannan matakin ya tashi.

Ana amfani da matakin giyar jininka don doka ta bayyana ko kuna bugu. Iyakokin doka na giya ta jini yawanci yakan faɗi tsakanin 0.08 da 0.10 a yawancin jihohi. Da ke ƙasa akwai jerin matakan giya na jini da alamun alamun:

• 0.05 - rage abubuwan hanawa
• 0.10 - slurred magana
• 0.20 - jin daɗi da raunin motsi
• 0.30 - rikicewa
• 0.40 - wawanci
• 0,50 - waƙa
• 0.60 - numfashi ya tsaya da mutuwa

Kuna iya samun alamun alamun maye a matakan giya na jini ƙasa da ma'anar doka na maye. Hakanan, mutanen da suke yawan shan giya ba za su sami alamun bayyanar ba har sai an kai matakin giya mai girma a jini.

HADARIN LAFIYA DA SHAYE-SHAYE

Barasa yana ƙara haɗarin:

• Shaye-shaye
• Faduwa, nutsuwa, da sauran hadari
• Kai, wuya, ciki, ciwon hanji, nono, da sauran cututtukan daji
• Ciwon zuciya da bugun jini
• Hadarin mota
• Halin halayen haɗari, ciki mara tsari ko maras so, da cututtukan da ake ɗauka ta hanyar jima'i (STIs)
• Kashe kansa da kisan kai

Shan a yayin daukar ciki na iya cutar da jariri mai tasowa. Laifi mai lahani na haihuwa ko ciwon barasa na tayi zai yiwu.

SHAN HANKALI

Idan ka sha giya, zai fi kyau ka sha shi a daidaice. Tsakaitawa na nufin shan ba zai sa ku maye ba (ko buguwa) kuma kuna shan abin da bai wuce 1 ba a kowace rana idan kuna mace kuma ba fiye da 2 ba idan kun kasance namiji. An bayyana abin sha a matsayin giya oce 12 (milliliters 350), ko ince 5 (giya mililim 150), ko kuma giya da ke oce 1.5 (mililimita 45).

Anan akwai wasu hanyoyin da za'a bi da shan giya yadda ya kamata, muddin ba ku da matsalar sha, kun isa shekarun shan giya, kuma ba ku da ciki:

• Kada a taɓa shan barasa kuma a tuƙa mota.
• Idan zaku sha, ku sami direba wanda aka zaɓa, ko shirya wata hanyar zuwa gida, kamar taksi ko bas.
• KADA KA sha a kan komai a ciki. Abun ciye-ciye kafin da yayin shan barasa.

Idan kuna shan magunguna, gami da magungunan da ba a kan-kantin kuɗi ba, ku bincika likitanku kafin ku sha giya. Barasa na iya sanya tasirin magunguna da yawa ƙarfi. Hakanan yana iya ma'amala tare da sauran magunguna, yana sanya su rashin aiki ko haɗari ko sanya rashin lafiya.

Idan amfani da barasa ya gudana a cikin danginku, kuna iya kasancewa cikin haɗarin kamuwa da wannan cutar da kanku. Don haka, kuna so ku guji shan barasa kwata-kwata.

Kira mai ba da lafiyar ku IF:

• Kun damu da yawan shan giya ko na dangi
• Kuna sha'awar ƙarin bayani game da shan giya ko ƙungiyoyin tallafi
• Ba za ku iya rage ko dakatar da shan giya ba, duk da yunƙurin dakatar da shan

Sauran albarkatun sun haɗa da:

• Alungiyoyin Alcoholics na Gida waɗanda ba a san su ba ko ƙungiyoyin Al-anon / Alateen
• Asibitocin gida
• Hukumomin kula da tabin hankali na jama'a ko masu zaman kansu
• Masu ba da shawara a makaranta ko aiki
• Dalibai ko cibiyoyin kiwon lafiya

Amfani da giya; Amfani da ruwan inabi; Amfani da giya mai wuya; Amintaccen abin sha; Matasa sha

Yanar gizon websiteungiyar chiwararrun Americanwararrun Amurkawa. Abubuwa masu alaƙa da rikitarwa. A cikin: Psyungiyar chiwararrun Americanwararrun Amurka. Bincike da istididdigar Jagora na Rashin Hauka. 5th ed. Arlington, VA: Psywararrun Americanwararrun Americanwararrun Amurka. 2013: 481-590.

Cibiyoyin Kula da Cututtuka da Rigakafin yanar gizo. Cibiyar Cibiyar Rigakafin Cututtuka da Ci Gaban Lafiya. CDC alamun mahimmanci: binciken giya da shawara. www.cdc.gov/vitalsigns/alcohol-screening-counseling/. An sabunta Janairu 31, 2020. An shiga Yuni 18, 2020.

Cibiyar Nazarin Shaye-shaye da Tashar Yanar Gizo ta Yanar gizo. Illar giya akan lafiya. www.niaaa.nih.gov/alcohols-effects-health. An shiga Yuni 25, 2020.

Cibiyar Nazarin Shaye-shaye da Tashar Yanar Gizo ta Yanar gizo. Rashin amfani da giya www.niaaa.nih.gov/alcohol-health/overview-alcohol-consumption/alcohol-use-disorders. An shiga Yuni 25, 2020.

Sherin K, Seikel S, Hale S. Alkahol amfani da cuta. A cikin: Rakel RE, Rakel DP, eds. Littafin karatun Magungunan Iyali. 9th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: babi na 48.

Tasungiyar Ayyukan Rigakafin Amurka, Curry SJ, Krist AH, et al. Nunawa da ba da shawara game da halayyar ɗabi'a don rage amfani da giya mara kyau ga matasa da manya: Bayanin shawarwarin Tasungiyar Preungiyar Tsaro ta Amurka. JAMA. 2018; 320 (18): 1899-1909. PMID: 30422199 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30422199/.