Fitsari

Urinalysis shine bincike na zahiri, sinadarai, da microscopic na fitsari. Ya ƙunshi gwaje-gwaje da yawa don ganowa da auna abubuwa daban-daban waɗanda ke ratsa fitsari.

Ana bukatar samfurin fitsari. Mai ba da lafiyarku zai gaya muku irin nau'in fitsarin da ake bukata. Hanyoyi biyu da ake amfani dasu wajen tara fitsari sune karbar fitsari awa 24 da kuma samfurin fitsari mai kamawa.

Ana aika samfurin zuwa dakin gwaje-gwaje, inda aka bincika shi don masu zuwa:

LAIFIN JIKI DA BAYYANA

Yadda samfurin fitsari yake kama da ido:

• Shin ya bayyana ko hadari?
• Launi ne, ko rawaya mai duhu, ko wani launi?

NUNA MICROSCOPIC

Ana bincikar samfurin fitsarin a ƙarƙashin madubin likita zuwa:

• Bincika idan akwai wasu ƙwayoyin halitta, lu'ulu'u na fitsari, wuraren fitsari, majina, da sauran abubuwa.
• Gano duk wasu kwayoyin cuta ko wasu kwayoyin cuta.

NUNA CIKI (Kimiyyar fitsari)

• Ana amfani da tsiri na musamman (dipstick) don gwajin abubuwan da ke cikin samfurin fitsarin. Tsiri yana da pads na sinadarai waɗanda ke canza launi lokacin da suka haɗu da abubuwa masu sha'awa.

Misalan gwaje-gwajen gwajin fitsari na musamman da za a yi don bincika matsaloli sun hada da:

• Gwajin fitsarin jinin jini
• Gwajin fitsarin glucose
• Gwajin fitsarin sunadarai
• Fitsarin pH matakin gwaji
• Gwajin fitsarin Ketones
• Gwajin fitsarin Bilirubin
• Fitsarin gwaji na musamman na fitsari

Wasu magunguna suna canza launin fitsari, amma wannan ba alama ce ta cuta ba. Mai ba ku sabis na iya gaya muku ku daina shan duk wani magani da zai iya shafar sakamakon gwajin.

Magungunan da zasu iya canza launin fitsarinku sun haɗa da:

• Chloroquine
• Ironarin ƙarfe
• Levodopa
• Nitrofurantoin
• Phenazopyridine
• Phenothiazine
• Phenytoin
• Riboflavin
• Triamterene

Gwajin ya ƙunshi fitsari na al'ada kawai, kuma babu rashin jin daɗi.

Ana iya yin gwajin fitsari:

• A matsayin wani ɓangare na gwajin likita na yau da kullun don bincika alamun farko na cuta
• Idan kana da alamun ciwon suga ko cutar koda, ko kuma sanya ido idan ana kula da wadannan yanayin
• Don bincika jini a cikin fitsari
• Don tantance cutar fitsari

Fitsarin al'ada yakan bambanta da launi daga kusan mara launi zuwa rawaya mai duhu. Wasu abinci, kamar su gwoza da baƙar fata, na iya mayar da fitsari ja.

Yawancin lokaci, glucose, ketones, protein, da bilirubin ba a gano su cikin fitsari. Wadannan ba kasafai ake samunsu cikin fitsari ba:

• Hemoglobin
• Nitrites
• Jajayen kwayoyin jini
• Farin jini

Jeri na darajar yau da kullun na iya ɗan bambanta kaɗan tsakanin ɗakunan gwaje-gwaje daban-daban. Wasu leburori suna amfani da ma'auni daban daban ko gwada samfuran daban. Yi magana da mai baka game da ma'anar takamaiman sakamakon gwajin ka.

Sakamako mara kyau na iya nufin kuna da rashin lafiya, kamar:

• Hanyar kamuwa da fitsari
• Dutse na koda
• Ciwon sukari mara kyau
• Ciwon mafitsara ko cutar kansa

Mai ba ku sabis na iya tattauna sakamakon tare da ku.

Babu haɗari tare da wannan gwajin.

Idan anyi amfani da gwajin gida, dole ne mutumin da yake karanta sakamakon ya iya banbanta launuka, saboda ana fassara sakamakon ta amfani da jadawalin launi.

Bayyanar fitsari da launi; Gwajin fitsari na yau da kullun; Cystitis - binciken fitsari; Ciwon mafitsara - binciken fitsari; UTI - nazarin fitsari; Hanyar kamuwa da fitsari - fitsari; Hematuria - binciken fitsari

• Mace fitsarin mata
• Maganin fitsarin namiji

Chernecky CC, Berger BJ. Fitsari (UA) - fitsari. A cikin: Chernecky CC, Berger BJ, eds. Gwajin Laboratory da hanyoyin bincike. Na 6 ed. St Louis, MO: Elsevier Saunders; 2013: 1146-1148.

Riley RS, McPherson RA. Binciken asali na fitsari. A cikin: McPherson RA, Pincus MR, eds. Henry's Clinical Diagnosis and Management by Hanyoyin Laboratory. 23 ga ed. St Louis, MO: Elsevier; 2017: babi na 28.