Karyotyping

Karyotyping gwaji ne don bincika chromosomes a cikin samfurin ƙwayoyin halitta. Wannan gwajin zai iya taimakawa wajen gano matsalolin kwayar halitta a matsayin dalilin cuta ko cuta.

Ana iya yin gwajin a kusan kowane nama, gami da:

• Ruwan ciki
• Jini
• Kashin kashin
• Nama daga gabar da ke tasowa yayin daukar ciki don ciyar da jariri mai girma (mahaifa)

Don gwada ruwan ɗari, an yi amniocentesis.

Ana bukatar nazarin halittar kasusuwa don daukar samfurin kashin kashin.

Ana sanya samfurin a cikin tasa ko bututu na musamman kuma a ba shi izinin yin girma a cikin dakin gwaje-gwaje. Daga baya ana ɗauke ƙwayoyin daga sabon samfurin kuma a ba su launi. Kwararren dakin gwajin yayi amfani da madubin hangen nesa don yin nazari kan girma, sifa, da yawan chromosomes a cikin kwayar halitta. Ana daukar samfurin tabo don nuna tsarin chromosomes. Ana kiran wannan karyotype.

Ana iya gano wasu matsaloli ta lamba ko tsarin chromosomes. Chromosomes suna dauke da dubunnan kwayoyin halittar da ke adana a cikin DNA, ainihin asalinsu.

Bi umarnin likitocin kiwon lafiya kan yadda za'a shirya gwajin.

Ta yaya gwajin zai ji ya danganta ne akan ko samfurin samfurin jini (venipuncture), amniocentesis, ko biopsy biopsy biopsy.

Wannan gwajin zai iya:

• Idaya yawan chromosomes
• Bincika canje-canjen tsari a cikin chromosomes

Ana iya yin wannan gwajin:

• Akan wasu ma'aurata wadanda suke da tarihin zubewar ciki
• Don bincika kowane yaro ko jariri wanda ke da sifofi daban-daban ko jinkirin haɓaka

Za a iya yin kashin kashi ko gwajin jini don gano chromosome na Philadelphia, wanda ake samu a cikin kashi 85% na mutanen da ke fama da cutar sankarar bargo (CML).

Ana yin gwajin ruwa mai zurfin ciki don a duba jariri mai tasowa don matsalolin chromosome.

Mai ba da sabis ɗinku na iya yin oda wasu gwaje-gwajen da ke tafiya tare da karyotype:

• Microarray: Yana kallon ƙananan canje-canje a cikin chromosomes
• Haskakawa cikin yanayin haɓaka (KIFI): Yana neman ƙananan kuskure kamar su sharewa a cikin chromosomes

Sakamakon al'ada shine:

• Mace: autosomes 44 da chromosomes na jima'i (XX), an rubuta su 46, XX
• Maza: autosomes 44 da chromosomes na jima'i (XY), an rubuta su 46, XY

Sakamako mara kyau na iya zama saboda cututtukan ƙwayar cuta ko yanayin, kamar:

• Rashin ciwo
• Ciwon Klinefelter
• Philadelphia chromosome
• Trisomy 18
• Ciwon Turner

Chemotherapy na iya haifar da hutun chromosome wanda ke shafar sakamakon karyotyping na al'ada.

Hadarin yana da alaƙa da hanyar da aka yi amfani da ita don samo samfurin.

A wasu lokuta, matsala na iya faruwa ga ƙwayoyin da ke girma a cikin dakin gwaje-gwaje. Ya kamata a maimaita gwajin Karyotype don tabbatar da cewa matsala mara matsala ta chromosome a zahiri tana cikin jikin mutum.

Binciken Chromosome

• Karyotyping

Bacino CA, Lee B. Cytogenetics. A cikin: Kliegman RM, Stanton BF, St. Geme JW, Schor NF, eds. Nelson Littafin koyar da ilimin yara. 20th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: babi na 81.

Stein CK. Aikace-aikacen cytogenetics a cikin ilimin zamani. A cikin: McPherson RA, Pincus MR, eds. Henry's Clinical Diagnosis and Management by Hanyoyin Laboratory. 23 ga ed. St Louis, MO: Elsevier; 2017: babi na 69.