Gwajin gwajin haihuwa

Gwajin gwajin sabon haihuwa yana neman ci gaba, kwayar halitta, da rikitarwa na rayuwa a cikin jariri. Wannan yana ba da damar ɗaukar matakai kafin bayyanar cututtuka su ɓullo. Yawancin waɗannan cututtukan ba su da yawa, amma ana iya magance su idan an kama su da wuri.

Ire-iren gwaje-gwajen binciken jarirai da ake yi sun bambanta daga jihohi zuwa jihar. Ya zuwa watan Afrilu 2011, duk jihohi sun ba da rahoton nunawa don aƙalla rikicewar 26 a kan faɗaɗa kuma daidaitaccen rukunin ɗamara. Panelungiya mai cikakken bincike tana bincika cuta kusan 40. Koyaya, saboda phenylketonuria (PKU) shine cuta ta farko da gwajin gwajin ya ɓullo da ita, wasu mutane har yanzu suna kiran allon haihuwar "gwajin PKU".

Baya ga gwaje-gwajen jini, ana ba da shawara game da rashin jin magana da kuma cututtukan da ke haifar da cututtukan zuciya (CCHD) ga dukkan jarirai. Yawancin jihohi suna buƙatar wannan binciken ta hanyar doka.

Ana yin binciken allo ta amfani da hanyoyi masu zuwa:

• Gwajin jini. Ana ɗaukar takenan digo na jini daga diddige jaririn. Ana aika jinin zuwa dakin bincike don bincike.
• Gwajin ji. Mai ba da sabis na kiwon lafiya zai sanya ɗan ƙaramin kunne ko makirufo a cikin kunnen jariri. Wata hanyar kuma tana amfani da wayoyin da ake sakawa a kan jaririn yayin da jaririn ya yi shiru ko barci.
• Allon CCHD. Mai ba da sabis zai sanya ƙaramin firikwensin firikwensin a kan fatar jaririn ya haɗa shi da injin da ake kira oximeter na minutesan mintoci. Mizanin zai auna matakan oxygen na jariri a hannu da kafa.

Babu wani shiri da ake buƙata don gwajin sabon haihuwa. Yawancin lokuta ana yin gwaje-gwajen ne kafin barin asibiti lokacin da jaririn yana tsakanin awa 24 da kwana 7.

Da alama jariri zai yi kuka lokacin da aka saƙa diddige don a samo samfurin jini. Nazarin ya nuna cewa jariran da iyayensu mata ke rike musu fata-fata ko shayar da su yayin gudanar da aikin sun nuna rashin damuwa. Narkar da jaririn a cikin bargo, ko bayar da abin kwantar da hankali wanda aka tsoma a cikin ruwan sukari, na iya taimaka sauƙaƙa zafi da kwantar da hankalin jaririn.

Gwajin ji da allon CCHD bai kamata ya sa jinjiri jin zafi, kuka, ko amsawa ba.

Gwajin gwaji ba ya bincikar cututtuka. Suna nuna wadanne jarirai ke bukatar karin gwaji don tabbatarwa ko kawar da cututtuka.

Idan gwaji na gaba ya tabbatar da cewa yaron yana da cuta, za a iya fara jiyya, kafin alamun bayyanar su bayyana.

Ana amfani da gwajin gwajin jini don gano wasu cuta. Wasu daga waɗannan na iya haɗawa da:

• Rikicin Amino acid metabolism
• Rashin haɓakar Biotinidase
• Hawan jini mai girma
• Hanyar hypothyroidism
• Cystic fibrosis
• Rashin ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta
• Galactosemia
• Glucose-6-phosphate rashi dehydrogenase (G6PD)
• Cututtukan rashin ƙarancin ɗan adam (HIV)
• Cutar cututtukan kwayoyin cuta
• Yankuniya (PKU)
• Cutar sikila da sauran cututtukan haemoglobin da halaye
• Ciwon ciki

Valuesa'idodin al'ada na kowane gwajin nunawa na iya bambanta dangane da yadda ake yin gwajin.

Lura: Jeri na darajar yau da kullun na iya ɗan bambanta kaɗan tsakanin ɗakunan gwaje-gwaje daban-daban. Yi magana da mai baka game da ma'anar takamaiman sakamakon gwajin ka.

Wani mummunan sakamako yana nufin cewa yaron ya sami ƙarin gwaji don tabbatarwa ko kawar da yanayin.

Haɗarin haɗari ga jaririn dusar ƙanƙan jini samfurin sun hada da:

• Jin zafi
• Yiwuwar rauni a wurin da aka samo jinin

Gwajin jariri yana da mahimmanci ga jariri ya karɓi magani. Jiyya na iya ceton rai. Koyaya, ba duk cuta da za'a gano ba za'a iya magance ta.

Kodayake asibitoci basa yin duk gwajin gwajin, iyaye na iya yin wasu gwaje-gwaje a manyan cibiyoyin kiwon lafiya. Dakunan gwaje-gwaje masu zaman kansu suna ba da gwajin haihuwa. Iyaye na iya gano game da ƙarin gwajin gwajin haihuwa daga mai ba su ko asibitin da aka haifi jaririn. Sungiyoyi kamar Maris na Dimes - www.marchofdimes.org kuma suna ba da albarkatun gwajin gwaji.

Gwajin gwajin jarirai; Gwajin gwajin haihuwa; Jarabawar PKU

Cibiyoyin Kula da Cututtuka da Rigakafin yanar gizo. Tashar yanar gizo ta nuna jariri. www.cdc.gov/ sabon haihuwa. An sabunta Fabrairu 7, 2019. An shiga 26 ga Yuni, 2019.

Sahai I, Levy HL. Sabon haihuwa. A cikin: Gleason CA, Juul SE, eds. Cututtukan Avery na Jariri. 10 ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: babi na 27.